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EC number: 283-952-1 | CAS number: 84776-27-2 Extractives and their physically modified derivatives such as tinctures, concretes, absolutes, essential oils, oleoresins, terpenes, terpene-free fractions, distillates, residues, etc., obtained from Cinchona officinalis, Rubiaceae.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study is not done according to OECD guideline. But it is a well documented study.
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- secondary source
- Title:
- ACToR: Aggregated Computational Toxicology Resource
- Author:
- EPA U.S. environmental protection agency
- Year:
- 2 013
- Bibliographic source:
- http://actor.epa.gov/actor/faces/ACToRHome.jsp
- Report date:
- 2013
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Evaluation of Microbial Testing Methods for the Mutagenicity of Quinoline and Its Derivatives.
- Author:
- Sideropoulos, A. S. and M. Specht, S. M.
- Year:
- 1 984
- Bibliographic source:
- Curr microbiol. 11:59-66
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Ames test
Cell cultures were prepared by inoculating 10-15 ml of oxoid broth with the desired S. typhimurium strain and incubating in a 37°C shaking water bath for 18-20 h at 200 rpm. Three dose levels were chosen for each strain, with and without S-9 activation. A minimal salt plate containing medium E (Vogel-Bonner medium-l.5% agar) with 2% glucose was used. The top layer contained 2 ml soft agar, strain TA 100 or TA 98, test chemical and/or benzo[a]pyrene, 0.2 ml histidine-biotin, and 0.5 ml S-9 (0.1 ml S-9/ml mix). The actual procedure consisted of introducing 2.0 ml of the top agar containing the appropriate amounts of histidine-biotin solution to sterile tubes. This mixture was maintained at 47°C; 0.1 ml of the appropriate concentration of the test chemical was then added followed by 0.1 ml of the proper bacterial strain. For mixtures requiring S-9, 0.5 ml of S-9 mix was added. Tubes were mixed, immediately poured over medium E plates (2% glucose), and allowed to harden in the dark. Plates were incubated for 72 h at 37°C and then scored. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- IUPAC Name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- Test material form:
- not specified
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Quinine
- other: obtained from from Pfaltz and Bauer Chemical Co. (Stamford, CT)
Constituent 1
Method
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Rat, Liver, S-9
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 20 - 50 µg/Plate
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- untreated control
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- other: not applicable
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- benzo(a)pyrene
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- 500 µg/ml (quinine derivate)
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- 500 µg/ml (quinine derivate)
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- other: strain/cell type: Ames Salmonella typhimurium
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative with metabolic activation
negative without metabolic activation
The genetic toxicity of quinine was determined using the Ames test with and without metabolic activation. For the two Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 100 and TA 98 no mutations were detected. - Executive summary:
In the in vitro study published by Sideropoulos et al., 1984 the genotoxicity of quinine was determined with the Ames test on the two Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 100 and TA 98 with and without metabolic activation. For both strains no mutations were detected up to 50 µg quinine per plate. Therefore, we can conclude that quinine is not genotoxic.
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