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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 936-276-2 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in mammalian cells
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Read-across justification:Read-across from the most critical and bioavailable constituents (lead and its compounds):Based on the mineralogical composition, lead is the main constituent in the target substance and appears in sulphate form. The target substance is a solid inorganic UVCB substance and insoluble in water. Therefore, the transformation/dissolution study (OECD guidance 29) was conducted for the target substance to focus on the most critical bioavailable constituents of the substance. According to the T/D study results, the readily soluble constituent is lead. Based on the hazard profile of lead it is also the most hazardous constituent of this substance. Therefore, and in order to avoid the unnecessary animal testing, the read-across data from the most critical constituent is used to evaluate the short-term and long-term toxicological adverse effects of the target substance. The read-across data focuses on the properties of lead sulphate and other bioavailable forms of lead.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 998
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The ability of lead chloride (0.1 to 1.0 uM) to induce H202 formation in Chinese hamster ovary AS52 cells and the relationship between H202 induction and mutagenicity were examined.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- mammalian cell gene mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Lead dichloride
- EC Number:
- 231-845-5
- EC Name:
- Lead dichloride
- Cas Number:
- 7758-95-4
- Molecular formula:
- Cl2Pb
- IUPAC Name:
- lead dichloride
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- Chinese hamster Ovary (CHO)
- Metabolic activation:
- not specified
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- not examined
- Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Exposure to lead chloride at 0.8 and 1.0 uM increased H202 induction and mutation frequency in AS52 cells. Addition of allopurinol (an inhibitor of H202 induction) reduced the mutation frequency in lead-treated cells, implicating H202 induction in mutagenesis.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):positive
- Executive summary:
The ability of lead chloride (0.1 to 1.0 uM) to induce H202 formation in Chinese hamster ovary AS52 cells and the relationship between H202 induction and mutagenicity were examined. Exposure to lead chloride at 0.8 and 1.0 uM increased H202 induction and mutation frequency in AS52 cells. Addition of allopurinol (an inhibitor of H202 induction) reduced the mutation frequency in lead-treated cells, implicating H202 induction in mutagenesis.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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