Mecrilate

Exposure related observations in humans: other data

Administrative data

Endpoint:

exposure-related observations in humans: other data

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Acceptable, well-documented publication which meets basic scientific principles

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2001

Materials and methods

Type of study / information:

Airborne Concentrations of Ethyl and Methyl Cyanoacrylate in the Workplace

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study was conducted at an adhesive production facility in Puerto Rico. The air sampling programm was conducted in an attempt to characterize peak airborne concentrations of ECA for those tasks associated with the highest probability of worker exposure. For more continuous tasks, longer samples were collected.The samples were analysed using the OSHA 55 procedure.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Mecrilate

EC Number:

205-275-2

EC Name:

Mecrilate

Cas Number:

137-05-3

Molecular formula:

C5H5NO2

IUPAC Name:

methyl 2-cyanoprop-2-enoate

Details on test material:

MCA was collected together with ECA in the mixing areas. Both are clear colorless liquids with strong acrid odors at airborne concentrations above 10 ppm. They react readily with water to form a solid polymer.

METHYL CYANOACRYLATE (MCA):
- CAS 137-05-3
- MW 111.1
- Boiling point 48-49°C at 0.33-0.36 kPa
- Vapor pressure: < 0.27 kPa at 25°C
- Odor threshold 1-5 ppm
- Relative density 1.10959

ETHYL CYANOACRYLATE (ECA):
- CAS 7085-85-0
- MW 125.1
- Boiling point 54-56°C at 0.21-0.40 kPa
- Vapor pressure: < 0.27 kPa at 25°C
- Relative density 1.05

Method

Ethical approval:

not specified

Details on study design:

For this study, sample collection was performed using Tenax collection tubes. Each sample was desorbed in a 44:56 (acetonitrile/0.2% phosphoric acid in water) solution immediately after collection and analyzed within 24 -48 hours of sample collection by HPLC with UV detector.
A total of 172 personal and area samples were collected at the plant. 10 blank samples were used for quality control purposes. Of the 162 remaining samples, 152 were analyzed for ethyl cyanoacrylate (93%) and 10 were analyzed for methyl cyanoacrylate (7%).
The majority of the samples were collected in the bottling and packaging area (71%) and the mixing area (19%), in which most of the workers are located.
Air sampling pumps were worn on the belts of individuals or mounted in areas of interest. The sorbent tubes were placed in the breathing zone of individuals for personal samples, on in either worst case or representative zones for area samples.

Exposure assessment:

measured

Details on exposure:

Type of exposure measurement:
The air sampling programm was conducted in an attempt to characterize peak (7-20 min, short term) airborne concentrations of ECA for those tasks associated with the highest probability of worker exposure. For more continuous tasks, longer samples (30-130 min, some 6-8 h) were collected.

Results and discussion

Results:

The results are listed in the table below.

Any other information on results incl. tables

ECA/MCA Air Sampling Data for the Mixing Operator

			Range
Sampling Activity/Sampling Period	Sample Type	Number of Samples	Minimum	Maximum	Mean
Task 1: Loading vessels
Peak (5-15 min)	Personal	3	<0.0057	0.067	0.039
	Area	3	0.055	0.13	0.084
Interval (25-130 min)	Personal	3	0.05	0.09	0.072
Task 2: Adding solid additives
Peak (5-15 min)	Personal	3	0.012	0.180	0.071
	Area	1	-	-	0.074
Task 3: Drum loading
Peak (5-15 min)	Personal – with LEV	1	-	-	0.067
	Personal –without LEV	10	0.058	1.5	0.650
	Area – with LEV	1	-	-	0.100
	Area – Without LEV	4	0.164	0.9	0.470
	Area – worst case	4	0.45	2.2	1.360
Interval (25-130 min)	Personal – with LEV	1	-	-	0.028
	Personal –without LEV	1	-	-	0.140
Task 4: Decanting
Peak (5-15 min)	Personal	1	-	-	0.16
Task 5: Discarding off-spec product
Peak (5-15 min)	Personal	2	<0.005	0.11	0.056
All Tasks
TWA (360-480 min)	Personal	1	-	-	0.069
	Area	2	0.016	0.02	0.018

Note: All units in ppm. Area worst case = samples collected 2-4 inches above drum and are not representative of worker exposure. – Not applicable

 

 

ECA Air Sampling Data for Bottling and Packaging Operator

			Range
SamplingActivity/Sampling Period	Sample Type	Number of Samples	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	Standard Deviation
Task 1: Bottling, packaging, and labeling
Peak (5-15 min)	Personal	19	0.01	0.087	0.049	0.021
Interval (25-130 min)	Personal	60	<0.001	0.089	0.040	0.016
	Area	4	0.016	0.063	0.047	0.021
Peak Task 2: Product line change
Peak (5-15 min)	Personal	6	0.023	0.11	0.084	0.033
Interval (25-130 min)	Personal	1	-	-	0.260	-
Task 3: Machine calibration
Peak (5-15 min)	Personal	1	-	-	<0.0039	-
All Tasks
TWA (360-480 min)	Personal	10	0.014	0.048	0.035	0.010
	Area	7	0.019	0.056	0.034	0.012

Note: All units in ppm. – Not applicable

 

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The air sampling methods used in the study provide reliable results that are consistent with other sampling programs and are superior to the OSHA sampling methods. The results of this air sampling program indicate that when handled at room temperature, both methyl 2-cyanoacrylate (MCA) and ethyl-cyanoacrylate (ECA) produce airborne concentrations that are nearly always less than about 0.1 ppm, which is much less than the threshold of irritation.

Executive summary:

A survey was conducted of persons who manufacture, mix, bottle, and package methyl 2-cyanoacrylate (MCA) and ethyl-cyanoacrylate (ECA). Airborne concentrations of these cyanoacrylates also were measured during waste-handling operations. During a 1 -week period, 162 personal and area samples were collected. About 90% of the samples were analyzed for ECA (the predominant adhesive being manufactured at the facility). About 50% of these samples had collection periods of 15 min or less, the remainder of 15 to 240 min. Some 8 -hour time weighted average (TWA) samples were also included. For the sampling process, Tenax tubes were used with subsequent analysis by HPLC. Most samples were collected where the highest exposure was likely (e.g. during mixing, bottling, and packaging).

Peak concentrations of ECA for the mixing operators ranged from 0.039 ppm to 0.650 ppm, while various 10-min to 1 -hour activities were performed, with a TWA concentration of 0.07 ppm. Personal short-term airborne concentrations of ECA for bottling and packaging workers (n = 60) were 0.040 ppm ± 0.016 ppm (mean ± standard deviation), with similar 8 -hour TWA concentrations due to the continuous process of bottling and packaging. Other personal samples were not significantly different. The area samples were normally within a factor of 2 of the peak personal sampling results.

These data indicate that, when handled at room temperature and relative humidity range from 40 -69%, both MCA and ECA produce airborne concentrations that are nearly always less than about 0.1 ppm, which is less than the threshold of irritation.