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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-837-1 | CAS number: 7758-23-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-validated methods used
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Studies on the biological value of inorganic phosphates
- Author:
- Gillis MB, Norris LC & Heuser GF
- Year:
- 1 954
- Bibliographic source:
- J. Nutr., Jan 1954; 52: 115 - 125
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- other: testing the availability of different phosphates from feed for chicks
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- chicks were feed with one of two defined diets. Diet one contains only a basal concentration of 0.04 % (400 ppm) phosphorus which support life in young chicks for only a few days. Diet 2 contained a basal phosphorus concentration of about 0.35 % (3500 ppm) which was enough to keep chicks alive for at least 4 weeks. Both diets were supplemented by different purified orthophosphates, pyrophosphates, bone meals as well as deflourinated phosphates, raw rock phosphates and metaphosphates to give relative phosphorus concentrations of 0.25, 0.3 and 0.35 % (2500, 3000, 3500 ppm). The diets were feed to 1 day old male White Leghorn chicks for 4 weeks. Subsequently animals were sacrifices and the left tibiae excised, incinerated and the ash weighted as a parameter for bone calcification.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- no
Test animals
- Species:
- other: chicken
- Strain:
- other: White Leghorn
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Housing: animals were individually housed in wire floored electrically heated battery brooders
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: feed
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on exposure:
- no data
- Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- continuous (via feed) for 4 weeks
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
equivalent of 0.25, 0.30 and 0.35 % (2500, 300, 3500 ppm) phosphorus in feed
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- >= 10 per dose and substance
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Positive control reference chemical:
- no data
- Details on study design:
- no data
- Details on dosing and sampling:
- no data
- Statistics:
- no data
Results and discussion
- Preliminary studies:
- no
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- see table 1 for results of the bone calcification as a parameter for phosphate absorption
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- no data
- Details on excretion:
- no data
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Details on metabolites:
- no data
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Comparative biological values of inorganic phosphates
Reagent grade orthophosphates |
|
Beta-tricalcium phosphate |
100 |
Dicalcium phosphate |
98 |
Monocalcium phosphate |
113 |
Potassium acid phosphate |
109 |
Sodium acid phosphate |
101 |
Bone products |
|
Steamed bone meal |
|
Sample A |
100 |
Sample B |
100 |
Sample C |
100 |
Sample D |
95 |
Sample E |
94 |
Sample F |
90 |
Sample G |
70 |
Foreign bone meal |
87 |
Spent bone char |
84 |
Bone ash |
89 |
Pyrophosphates |
|
Alpha Ca pyrophosphate |
0 |
Beta Ca pyrophosphate |
0 |
Gamm Ca pyrophosphate |
0 |
Vitreous ca pyrophosphate |
20 |
Na pyrophosphate, decahydrate |
57, partly toxic |
Feed grade dicalciumphosphates |
|
Sample A |
97 |
Sample B |
97 |
Sample C |
96 |
Sample D |
89 |
Defluorinated phosphates |
|
Calcined |
94 |
Fused |
82 |
Precipitated |
99 |
Raw Rock Phosphates |
|
Curacao Is. Phosphate |
87 |
Fla. Land pebble rock |
50 |
Tennese brown rock |
25 |
Colloidal phosphate |
25 |
Acid pyrophosphates |
|
Calcium acid pyrophosphate A |
67 |
Calcium acid pyrophosphate B |
50 |
Metaphosphates |
|
Beta Ca metaphosphate |
0 |
Gamma Ca metaphosphate |
0 |
Vitreous Ca metaphosphate |
45 |
Sodium metaphosphate |
28 |
Potassium metaphosphate |
0 |
in italics: values were determined with diet 2 as with diet 1 the bioavailability of phosphates was to low leading to a drastic mortality
- based in these results the following conclusions were drawn by the authors:
- The pure orthophosphates had a high bioavalability.
- Feed grade materials with bioavailability of phosphate were dicalcium phosphate, defluorinated phosphate and steamed bone meal. The bioavailability of phosphate from spent bone char, bone ash and inported bone meal was lower but sufficient.
- The bioavailability of phosphate from pyrophosphates and metaphosphates was low to zero
- Of the rock products only Curacao Island phosphate had a satisfactory bioavailability.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): no data
The bioavaiability of phosphate from different phosphates was tested in a bioassay where young male Leghorn White chicks were fed for 28 diet a defined diet that was low in phosphate with a defined supplement of the respective phosphate. The ash of the tibiae was weighted as parameter for bone calcification and hence the bioavailability of phosphate.
- The pure orthophosphates had a high bioavalability.
- Feed grade materials with bioavailability of phosphate were dicalcium phosphate, defluorinated phosphate and steamed bone meal. The bioavailability of phosphate from spent bone char, bone ash and inported bone meal was lower but sufficient.
- The bioavailability of phosphate from pyrophosphates and metaphosphates was low to zero
- Of the rock products only Curacao Island phosphate had a satisfactory bioavailability. - Executive summary:
In the present study (Gillis 1954) the bioavaiability of phosphate from different phosphates was tested in a bioassay where young male Leghorn White chicks were fed for 28 diet a defined diet that was low in phosphate with a defined suppment of the respective phosphate. The ash of the tibiae was weighted as parameter for bone calcification and hence the bioavailability of phosphate.
- The pure orthophosphates had a high bioavalability.
- Feed grade materials with bioavailability of phosphate were dicalcium phosphate, defluorinated phosphate and steamed bone meal. The bioavailability of phosphate from spent bone char, bone ash and inported bone meal was lower but sufficient.
- The bioavailability of phosphate from pyrophosphates and metaphosphates was low to zero
- Of the rock products only Curacao Island phosphate had a satisfactory bioavailability.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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