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EC number: 202-509-5 | CAS number: 96-48-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)
- Remarks:
- Study in animals performed before Annex VII and VIII amendments.
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 25 Jan 2010 thru 5 Feb 2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP Guideline Study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- included in report
- Type of study:
- mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- γ-butyrolactone
- EC Number:
- 202-509-5
- EC Name:
- γ-butyrolactone
- Cas Number:
- 96-48-0
- Molecular formula:
- C4H6O2
- IUPAC Name:
- dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): y-Butyrolactone (CASRN: 96-48-0)
- Analytical purity: 99.86 area-%
- Homogeneity: Homogeneous by visual inspection
- Test Substance Number: 05/0603-2
- Lot/batch No.: Tank 62 Production date 9.12.2009
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: stable over the study period
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- CBA
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Research Models and Services, Germany GmbH, Sandhofer Weg 7, 97633 Sulzfeld
- Age at study initiation: 8 - 12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 18.1 g – 20.9 g
- Housing: Makrolon cage, type II
- Diet: Kliba-Labordiät (Maus / Ratte Haltung “GLP”), Provimi Kliba SA, Kaiseraugst, Basel, Switzerland, ad libitum
- Water: Tap water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 7 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 – 24°C
- Humidity (%): 30 – 70%
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 h / 12 h (6.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. / 6.00 p.m. – 6.00 a.m.)
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 20 Jan 2010 To: 01 Feb 2010
Study design: in vivo (LLNA)
- Vehicle:
- methyl ethyl ketone
- Concentration:
- Undiluted, 60%, and 30%
- No. of animals per dose:
- 5
- Details on study design:
- RANGE FINDING TESTS:
- Compound solubility: Soluble in vehicle (MEK)
- Irritation: No
- Lymph node response: Slight increase in Lymph node weights after application of undiluted substance
MAIN STUDY
The skin sensitizing potential of y-butyrolactone was assessed using the radioactive Murine Local Lymph Node Assay. The assay simulates the induction phase for skin sensitization in mice. It determines the response of cells in the auricular lymph nodes to repeated application of the test substance to the dorsal skin of the ears.
Groups of 5 female CBA/J mice each were treated with the undiluted test substance and with 60% and 30% w/w preparations of the test substance in MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) or with the vehicle alone. A concurrent positive control group with 5 female CBA/J mice was treated with 10% Alpha-Hexylcinnamaldehyde, techn. 85% (HCA) in MEK.
The study used 3 test groups, 1 control group and 1 positive control group. Each test animal was treated with 25 µL per ear of the appropriate test-substance preparation, applied to the dorsal surface of both ears for three consecutive days. The control group was treated with 25 µL per ear of the vehicle alone. The animals of the positive control group were treated with 25 µL of a 10% preparation of Alpha-Hexylcinnamaldehyde in MEK.
Three days after the last application the mice were injected into a tail vein with 20 µCi of 3H-thymidine in 250 µL of sterile saline. About 5 hours after the 3H-thymidine injection, the mice were sacrificed and the auricular lymph nodes were removed. Lymph node response was evaluated by measuring 3H-thymidine incorporation (indicator of cell proliferation). Cell counts and weights of each animal’s pooled lymph nodes were also determined. In addition, a 0.8 cm diameter sample was punched out of the apical part of each ear and for each animal the weight of the pooled punches was determined in order to obtain an indication of possible skin irritation.
The increase in 3H-thymidine incorporation by a factor of ≥ 3 (SI ≥ 3) as compared to the concurrent vehicle control group is generally considered as indicating a sensitizing potential of a test substance. - Positive control substance(s):
- hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)
- Statistics:
- Mean values and standard deviations of the measured parameters were calculated for the test and control groups from the individual values. The stimulation indices of 3H-thymidine incorporation, cell count, lymph node weight and ear weight measurements were calculated as the ratio of the test group mean values for these parameters divided by those of the vehicle control group. Cell count, 3H-thymidine incorporation, lymph node weight and ear weight results were analyzed by the WILCOXON test.
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- Valid. The 10% HCA preparation in MEK induced a biologically relevant and statistically significant response in 3H-thymidine incorporation (SI ≥ 3.0) as well as statistically significant increased lymph node cell counts and lymph node weights.
In vivo (LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 1.06
- Test group / Remarks:
- 30%
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 0.96
- Test group / Remarks:
- 60%
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 1.01
- Test group / Remarks:
- 100%
Any other information on results incl. tables
Test Group |
Treatment |
Cell Count Stimulation Index |
3H-thymidine incorporation Stimulation Index |
Lymph Node Weight Stimulation Index |
Ear Weight Stimulation Index |
1 |
vehicle MEK |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
2 |
30% in MEK |
1.08 |
1.18 |
1.06 |
1.02 |
3 |
60% in MEK |
0.91 |
0.97 |
0.96 |
0.99 |
4 |
undiluted |
0.87 |
1.28 |
1.01 |
1.01 |
5 |
positive control |
1.92## |
5.20## |
1.74## |
1.14## |
The statistical evaluations were performed using the WILCOXON-test (# for p<=0.05, ## for p<=0.01)
Test Group |
Treatment |
Cell Counts [Counts/Lymph Node Pair] |
||
Mean |
S.D. |
Stimulation Index* |
||
1 |
vehicle MEK |
7,005,600 |
933,483 |
1.00 |
2 |
30% in MEK |
7,561,200 |
835,901 |
1.08 |
3 |
60% in MEK |
6,394,800 |
345,753 |
0.91 |
4 |
undiluted |
6,127,800 |
1,563,684 |
0.87 |
5 |
positive control |
13,473,600 |
1,520,065 |
1.92 ## |
Test Group |
Treatment |
Lymph Node Weight [mg/Lymph Node Pair] |
||
Mean |
S.D. |
Stimulation Index* |
||
1 |
vehicle MEK |
4.3 |
0.4 |
1.00 |
2 |
30% in MEK |
4.5 |
0.6 |
1.06 |
3 |
60% in MEK |
4.1 |
0.3 |
0.96 |
4 |
undiluted |
4.3 |
0.5 |
1.01 |
5 |
positive control |
7.4 |
0.7 |
1.74 ## |
Test Group |
Treatment |
Ear Weight [mg/animal] |
||
Mean |
S.D. |
Stimulation Index* |
||
1 |
vehicle MEK |
29.2 |
1.8 |
1.00 |
2 |
30% in MEK |
29.8 |
1.0 |
1.02 |
3 |
60% in MEK |
29.0 |
1.5 |
0.99 |
4 |
undiluted |
29.4 |
1.4 |
1.01 |
5 |
positive control |
33.3 |
1.8 |
1.14 ## |
*test group x / test group 1 (vehicle control)
# = statistically significant value p<=0.05
## = statistically significant value p<=0.01
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not sensitising
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
- Conclusions:
- y-Butyrolactone does not show a skin sensitizing effect in the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay.
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