Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 202-709-2 | CAS number: 98-87-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity: dermal
- Remarks:
- combined repeated dose and carcinogenicity
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This study is sufficiently documented, acceptable for assessment and conducted with generally accepted scientific principles. Therefore, this study should be considered as reliable with restrictions.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Carcinogenicity of benzyl chloride, benzal chloride, benzotrichloride and benzoyl chloride in mice by skin application
- Author:
- Fukuda K., Matsushita H., Sakabe H. and Takemoto K.
- Year:
- 1 981
- Bibliographic source:
- GANN, 72, 655-664.
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The authors conducted a repeated dose toxicity tests (42 and 50 weeks period) on female mice by painting benzal chloride on skin. cf examinations for full details
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- α,α-dichlorotoluene
- EC Number:
- 202-709-2
- EC Name:
- α,α-dichlorotoluene
- Cas Number:
- 98-87-3
- Molecular formula:
- C7H6Cl2
- IUPAC Name:
- (dichloromethyl)benzene
- Reference substance name:
- Dichloromethylbenzene
- EC Number:
- 249-854-8
- EC Name:
- Dichloromethylbenzene
- Cas Number:
- 29797-40-8
- IUPAC Name:
- (dichloromethyl)benzene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): BAC, benzal chloride
- Analytical purity: reagent grade commercial obtained from Wako pure chemicals industries Co.
No further data
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- ICR
- Sex:
- female
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- open
- Vehicle:
- other: benzene
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- - Experiment II: about ten months (9.8 months, 42 weeks)
- Experiment III: about twelve months (11.7 months, 50 weeks) - Frequency of treatment:
- - Experiment II: 3/w for the initial 4 weeks, and thereafter 2/w until the end of the experiment
- Experiment III: twice a week during 12 months
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
2.3 µL
Basis:
analytical per unit area
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
10 µL
Basis:
analytical per unit area
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- - Experiment II: 10 female exposed to 10 µL 3/w for the initial 4 weeks, and thereafter 2/w until the end of the experiment
- Experiment III: 19 females exposed to 2.3 µL twice a week during 12 months - Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Sex:
- female
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable
- Remarks:
- no NOAEL identified
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
During a few minutes after dermal painting of mice a marked irritation of the eyes, the skin and the respiratory system as well as elevated motor activities were seen.
At the painted area first erythema and swelling were noted later alopecia, induration, marked keratinization, ulcers and/or necrosis of the epidermis were observed. The lesions were rather severe.
Experiment II:
The dose represented a total of 1100 mg over the exposure period (294 days; around 3.7 mg/day). Mortality at termination was 0 and 0 for the control and the tested-dose groups, respectively. The number of mice with tumours was 0/10 and 4/10 in the control and tested-dose groups, respectively.
Experiment III:
The total dose was approximately 288 mg over the exposure period (351 days; 0.82 mg/day). Mortality at termination was 20% in the controls compared with 74% in the treated group. In the control group, 2/20 mice had lung adenomas while in the treated group, 11/19 had skin carcinoma and 5/19 had lung adenoma/carcinoma. One mouse was observed with other tumors in the lips (two squamous cell carcinomas) and in the forestomach (squamous cell carcinoma). These carcinomas were attributed to the licking.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In the test conditions, the authors showed that benzal chloride painted regularly at low level (0.82 mg/day) on the clipped back skin of female mice induced significantly more skin carcinomas than in the control (pure benzene) over a 12 month exposure period.
- Executive summary:
The authors tested the carcinogenicity of benzal chloride (CAS n° 98 -87 -3 ), besides multiple chlorinated compounds, on clipped skin of female IRC mice (seven weeks old) in a serie of experiment.
They created in the longest subset of expreriment, two groups each consisting of 19 (tested dose) or 20 female mice (control) which were given skin applications of 25 µL of benzene (for vehicle controls) or 25 ul of a 9.2% solution of benzal chloride in benzenetwice a week for 50 wk (total dose, about 288 mg/animal). All mice were killed at week 82 and checked besides mortality along the test, on tumors development and histopathological changes.
Furthermore, no skin tumor was observed in any control. Of the 19 benzal chloride treated mice, 14 (74%) had died by the end of the experiment; 12 (63%) developed tumors: 9 with squamous cell carcinomas of the skin (p < 0.01), 2 with skin fibro sarcoma, and 1 with a lymphoma; lung adenomas were reported in 5 treated mice and 2 controls.
At this level of information, no effect level coud have been derived as the study design was not intentionally build for this. Besides, the number of tested animals was not sufficient to reach a reliable level and to be representative.
However, the general scientific principle of the test is good and the study is sufficiently described. This study should therefore be considered as reliable with restrictions and the document acceptable for assessment.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.