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EC number: 292-124-9 | CAS number: 90552-04-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 021
- Report date:
- 2021
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, C13-15-branched and linear alkyl esters
- EC Number:
- 292-124-9
- EC Name:
- 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, C13-15-branched and linear alkyl esters
- Cas Number:
- 90552-04-8
- Molecular formula:
- C(17-19)H(32-36)O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, C13-15-branched and linear alkyl esters
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- his, trp
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Type and composition of metabolic activation system:
S9 mix from male Wistar rats liver; induced with phenobarbital and ß-napthoflavone - Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 1st Exp: 0; 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500 and 5000 μg/plate (with and without S9 mix; SPT)
2nd Exp: 0; 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500 and 5000 μg/plate (with and without S9 mix, PIT) - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: ultrapure water
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: Due to the good solubility of the test substance in water, water was used as vehicle.
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide
- 9-aminoacridine
- other: 2-aminoanthracene; N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine; 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS:
- Number of cultures per concentration (single, duplicate, triplicate) : 3 test plates per dose or per control
Standard plate test
The experimental procedure of the standard plate test (plate incorporation method) was based on the method of Ames et al.
Salmonella typhimurium
Test tubes containing 2-mL portions of soft agar (overlay agar), which consists of 100 mL agar (0.8% [w/v] agar + 0.6% [w/v] NaCl) and 10 mL amino acid solution (minimal amino acid solution for the determination of mutants: 0.5 mM histidine + 0.5 mM biotin) were kept in a water bath at about 42 - 45°C, and the remaining components were added in the following order: 0.1 mL test solution, vehicle or positive control; 0.1 mL fresh bacterial culture;0.5 mL S9 mix (with external metabolic activation) or 0.5 mL phosphate buffer (without external metabolic activation)
After mixing, the samples were poured onto Minimal glucose agar plates within approx. 30 seconds. After incubation at 37°C (±2°C) for 48 – 72 hours in the dark, the bacterial colonies (his+ revertants) were counted. The colonies were counted using the Sorcerer Image Analysis System with the software program Ames Study Manager. Colonies were counted manually, if precipitation of the test substance hindered the counting using the Image Analysis System.
Escherichia coli
Test tubes containing 2-mL portions of soft agar (overlay agar), which consists of 100 mL agar (0.8% [w/v] agar + 0.6% [w/v] NaCl) and 10 mL amino acid solution (minimal amino acid solution for the determination of mutants: 0.5 mM tryptophan) were kept in a water bath at about 42 - 45°C, and the remaining components were added in the following order: 0.1 mL test solution, vehicle or positive control; 0.1 mL fresh bacterial culture; 0.5 mL S9 mix (with external metabolic activation) or 0.5 mL phosphate buffer (without external metabolic activation).
After mixing, the samples were poured onto Minimal glucose agar plates within approx. 30 seconds. After incubation at 37°C (±2°C) for 48 – 72 hours in the dark, the bacterial colonies (trp+ revertants) were counted. The colonies were counted using the Sorcerer Image Analysis System with the software program Ames Study Manager. Colonies were counted manually, if precipitation of the test substance hindered the counting using the Image Analysis System.
Preincubation Test
The experimental procedure was based on the method described by Yahagi et al. and Matsushima et al.
0.1 mL test solution, vehicle or positive control, 0.1 mL bacterial suspension and 0.5 mL S9 mix (with external metabolic activation) or phosphate buffer (without external metabolic activation) were incubated at 37°C for the duration of about 20 minutes using a shaker. Subsequently, 2 mL of soft agar was added and, after mixing, the samples were poured onto the agar plates within approx. 30 seconds. After incubation at 37°C (±2°C) for 48 – 72 hours in the dark, the bacterial colonies were counted. The colonies were counted using the Sorcerer Image Analysis System with the software program Ames Study Manager. Colonies were counted manually, if precipitation of the test substance hindered the counting using the Image Analysis System. Colonies were counted manually, if precipitation of the test substance hindered the counting using the Image Analysis System.
- Evaluation criteria:
- Acceptance criteria
Generally, the experiment was considered valid if the following criteria were met:
The number of revertant colonies in the negative controls was within the range of the historical negative control data for each tester strain
The sterility controls revealed no indication of bacterial contamination.
The positive control substances both with and without S9 mix induced a distinct increase in the number of revertant colonies compatible with the range of the historical positive control data or above.
Fresh bacterial culture containing approximately 109 cells per mL were used.
Assessment criteria
The test substance was considered positive in this assay if the following criteria were met:
A dose-related and reproducible increase in the number of revertant colonies, i.e. at least doubling (bacteria strains with high spontaneous mutation rate, like TA 98, TA 100 and E.coli WP2 uvrA) or tripling (bacteria strains with low spontaneous mutation rate, like TA 1535 and TA 1537) of the spontaneous mutation rate in at least one tester strain either without S9 mix
or after adding a metabolizing system.
A test substance was generally considered non-mutagenic in this test if:
The number of revertants for all tester strains were within the range of the historical negative control data under all experimental conditions in at least two experiments carried out independently of each other.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- SOLUBILITY: Precipitation of the test substance was observed at and above 1000 μg/plate with and without S9 mix.
TOXICITY: A bacteriotoxic effect only was observed in the preincubation test depending on the strain and test conditions at and above 2500 μg/plate
MUTAGENICITY: A relevant increase in the number of his+ or trp+ revertants (increased by a factor of 2 or above compared to the concurrent control for Salmonella typhimurium TA 100, TA 98 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA, or a factor of 3 or above for Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535 and TA 1537) was not observed in the standard plate test or in the preincubation test with or without the addition of an external metabolizing system (liver S9 mix of rats treated with enzyme inducers).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Toxicity: Decreased revertant numbers were observed at following concentrations (μg/plate):
Experiment |
S9 |
TA1535 |
TA 100 |
TA 1537 |
TA 98 |
E.coli |
1st-SPT |
without |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
with |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
2nd-PIT |
without |
- |
- |
- |
5000 |
- |
|
with |
5000 |
- |
≥2500 |
≥2500 |
- |
- = no adverse effect observed
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Under the experimental conditions chosen here, it is concluded that 2-Propenoic acid, 2- methyl-, C13-15-branched and linear alkyl esters is not a mutagenic test substance in the bacterial reverse mutation test in the absence and the presence of external metabolic activation.
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