Anthracene

Phototransformation in air

Administrative data

Endpoint:

phototransformation in air

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Summary report on EU risk assessment, peer-reviewed

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

review article or handbook

Title:

European Union Risk Assessment Report - ANTHRACENE [CAS No: 120-12-7] - FINAL APPROVED VERSION

Author:

European Union / Greece

Year:

2008

Bibliographic source:

European Communities [http://ecb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esis/]

Report date:

2008

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

not applicable: summary report - review

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Anthracene

EC Number:

204-371-1

EC Name:

Anthracene

Cas Number:

120-12-7

Molecular formula:

C14H10

IUPAC Name:

anthracene

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

From European Union / Greece (2008):

A relative-rate method with gas chromatography and long-path differential optical-absorption spectroscopy was used to detect rate constant (1.3 x 10¹⁰cm³/mol. s) at 298 K. At an assumed OH bulk concentration of 1 x 10⁶molecule/cm³, this rate constant leads to atmospheric lifetimes of approximately 2 h (Biermann et al., 1985).

The rate constant for the vapour-phase reaction of anthracene with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured to be 1.12 x 10^-10cm³/molecule.sec at 52 °C. This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3.4 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5 x 10⁵ hydroxyl radicals per cm³(Atkinson et al, 1989).

K_OH for anthracene is 1.30.10^-10 as the reaction rate is recalculated to match the reaction rate constant for reaction with NO₃ radicals (EC, 2001b) (Slooff et al. (1989).

Gas-particle phase partitioning (EC, 2001) for anthracene gives a vapour pressure Pa (a) x 10^-4. The lifetime of anthracene with respect to gas-phase reaction with hydroxyl (OH) radicals, nitrate (NO₃) radicals and ozone (O₃) (EC, 2001b) was 2.1 hours for summer and 10 hours for winter.

Summary of gas-particle phase partitioning given by EC, (2001) for anthracene which has 3 rings is3% (measurements made in Oslo, January/February 1979, Thrane and Mikalsen, 1981) and 0.5% (measurements made in Torrance, California, February 1986, Arey et al., 1987) with a vapour pressure of 8.7 x10^-4 Pa and with a vapour pressure of 9.4 x10^-4 Pa (at 25 °C, Sonnefeld et al.1983).

Representative lifetimes of anthracene with respect to gas-phase reaction with hydroxyl (OH) radicals are calculated to be 2.1 hours for summer and 10 hours for winter using rate coefficients summarised by Atkinson and Arey (1994) and Brubaker and Hites (1998).

24 hour-average summer and winter OH concentrations of 1 x 10⁶molecule cm^-3(0.04 pptv) and 2 x 10⁵molecule cm^-3(0.008 pptv) are assumed for boundary layer UK (Collins et al., 1995).