Vanadium oxysulphate

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

96 hours (but extended to 7 Day exposure)

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

Publication describing methods and results in detail.
Chronic toxicity also described in the same report

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

Extnded period to 7 days

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Source of vanadium is described as predominantly sulphate, but oxy-sulphates and other salts will exist in the water column tested.
Results are expressed as vanadium.
Different valencies will also exist depending on pH
The report makes it clear that the vanadium form will be difficult to monitor and will change under conditions of analysis.
It is assumed that the vanadium under the test conditions would be penta-valent at the pH of the assessment

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Not described, but taken from mine workings

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Analysis for vanadium

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Source of vanadium is described as predominantly sulphate, but oxy-sulphates and other salts will exist in the water column tested.
Results are expressed as vanadium.
Different valencies will also exist depending on pH
The report makes it clear that the vanadium form will be difficult to monitor and will change under conditions of analysis.
It is assumed that the vanadium under the test conditions would be penta-valent at the pH of the assessment

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

Described as Canadian salmonid fish (Salmo gairdneri)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

7 d

Remarks on exposure duration:

Report includes extended toxicity work in Section 6.1.2

Hardness:

Range of hardness from 30, 100, and 360 mg/l as CaC03

Test temperature:

15 C

pH:

pH 5.5, 6.6, 7.7, and 8.8, with the highest pH associated with the hardest water

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

Vanadium

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: pH 7.7, hardness ca 100 mg CaCO3

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 10 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

Vanadium

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: For low or high hardness, or low or high pH

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 17.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: Starting with LC50 of 5.1 for V and using molecular weight of constituent with greatest proportion ov vanadium

Details on results:

Due to the variance in hardness and pH for this research, a number of LC50s are cited. Typically, for ca pH 7 the toxicity seemed greater with an LC50 of 5.1 mg/l - 7.7 mg/l. At higher or lower pH, the toxicity appeared less severe, with solublity perhaps influencing the effects at higher pH.

Conclusions:

Due to the variance in hardness and pH for this research, a number of LC50s are cited. Typically, for ca pH 7 the toxicity seemd greater with an LC50 of 5.1 mg/l - 7.7 mg/l). At higher or lower pH, the toxicity appeared less severe, with solublity perhaps influencing the effects at higher pH.
A headline figure of 5.1 mg/l V is used for the CSR.
This equates to ca 17.3 mg/l of VO(SO4) which is considered to be the lowest molecular weight fraction with the highest ratio of vanadium.

Description of key information

Due to the variance in hardness and pH for this research, a number of LC50s are cited.  Typically, for ca pH 7 the toxicity seemd greater with an LC50 of 5.1 mg/l - 7.7 mg/l).  At higher or lower pH, the toxicity appeared less severe, with solublity perhaps influencing the effects at higher pH.

A headline figure of 5.1 mg/l V is used for the CSR.  

This equates to ca 17.3 mg/l of VO(SO4) which is considered to be the lowest molecular weight fraction with the highest ratio of vanadium.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

17.3 mg/L