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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-149-1 | CAS number: 7440-39-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Monitoring data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- monitoring data
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Monitoring data (ambient and background) that were generated in National and International Monitoring surveys were analysed and relevant PEC-values were derived in line with the principles given in ECHA-Guidance documents
Data source
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), 2008. RIP 3.2: Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment. Chapter R.16: Environmental Exposure Estimation.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of measurement:
- other: ambient and background concentrations
- Media:
- sediment
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
A French dataset with measurements around the Rhone Mediterranean in 2006 was evaluated. Measurements from the SWAD database were investigated for relevance. French monitoring data from the Rhone mediterranée area, dated back to 2006, were retrieved. Ten measurements were identified, representing several locations in 2006.
Table: Overview of available barium-related monitoring data in the French Seine database
Fraction No. of data points 25th and 75th percentile Measured values (mg/kg)
Min Max
Ba 10 236.5 – 307 mg/kg 152 392
French stream sediment values are much higher than the baseline value that was derived for France. No other ambient stream water sediment monitoring data were identified; hence, no proper RWC-ambient PEC could be derived directly for this environmental compartment.
However, assuming equilibrium between the surface water and sediment compartment, a RWC-ambient PEC can be derived, using the RWC-ambient PEC for freshwater and the barium Kd-value for sediment (equilibrium partitioning method). A Kd,sediment of 3,478 L/kg (Log Kd: 3.54) has been determined for szediment. In a first step the units have to be converted from L/kg to m3/m3 using the formula below.
Kd,sediment (m3/m3) = 0.8 + [ 0.2 x (Kd,sediment (L/kg) x 2,500) / 1,000 ]
This results in a Kd,sediment of 1,739.8 m3/m3. This value can be entered in the equation below to calculate the RWC-ambient PECsediment:
RWC-ambient PECsediment = ( Kd, sediment/ RHOsediment ) x PECaquatic x 1,000
With the PECaquatic expressed as mg/L (0.0389 mg/L), RHOsediment representing the bulk density of wet sediment (1,300 kg/m3) and Kd,sediment is 1,739.8 m3/m3, a RWC-ambient PECsediment of 52.1 expressed as mg/kg wet weight is derived. This value can be converted to a dry weight-based PEC, using a conversion factor of 2.6 kg wet weight/ kg dry weight.
This results in a RWC-ambient PECsediment of 135.4 mg Ba/kg dry wt.
An overview of all typical, country-specific background levels in European sediments is given below
Country | Median background (mg/kg dw) | Country | Median background (mg/kg dw) | ||
Austria | 61.2 | Latvia | 52.1 | ||
Belgium | 127.2 | Lithuania | 79.9 | ||
Czech Republic | 148.1 | Netherlands | 35.3 | ||
Denmark | 53.1 | Norway | 51.4 | ||
Estonia | 43.4 | Poland | 52.4 | ||
Finland | 61.2 | Portugal | 122.3 | ||
France | 82.4 | Slovakia | 139.7 | ||
Germany | 101.3 | Slovenia | 58.0 | ||
Greece | 82.5 | Spain | 88.0 | ||
Hungary | 74.0 | Sweden | 60.2 | ||
Ireland | 151.9 | United Kingdom | 146.9 | ||
Italy | 102.4 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Data can be used for exposure assesment and risk characterisation purposes of barium in the sediment compartment
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