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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
Study initiation date - 05 November 1992; Experiment start date - 11 November 1992; Experiment completion date - 17 November 1992; Study completion date - 17 December 1992
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
ISO 5815 (Water quality - Determination of Biochemical Oxygen Demand after 5 Days (BOD5) - Dilution and Seeding Method)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Code number: FAT 40000/G
Batch number: 67/92
Purity: 79.5%
Appearance: solid
Solubility: miscible
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: 01 June 1993.
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
sewage, predominantly domestic (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
Seeding water of an urban waste water
Duration of test (contact time):
5 d
Initial conc.:
>= 6.6 - <= 844.6 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
Validity
Blank: BOD5 : should preferably not exceed 0.5 mg O2/I
Reference substance: BOD5 : between 180 - 230 mg O2/I
Test substance: O2-concentration after 5 days : between one-third and two-thirds of the initial O2-concentration.
Reference substance:
other: D(+) - Glucose/L-Glutamic acid
Remarks on result:
not measured/tested
Key result
Parameter:
BOD5
Value:
3 mg O2/g test mat.
Results with reference substance:
The BOD5 of the reference substance is: 195,180, 200 mg O2/I.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
The BOD of test item was found to be 3.0 mg O2/g test mat.
Executive summary:

The biochemical oxygen demand of test item was determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration before and after 5 days incubation at 20°C in different test concentrations diluted in water saturated with dissolved oxygen and containing a seed of microorganisms. This study was conducted according to ISO 5815 Second Edition 1989-08-01 (E) in a GLP certified laboratory.

The test substance was tested in concentrations from about 6 to 800 mg/l. The reference substance D(+)-Glucose / L-Glutamic acid was tested in a concentration of 20 mg/l.

Based on the findings of this study, the BOD5 of test item was found to be 3 mg 02/g. In another study, the COD of same test item was determined to be 402 mgO2/g. The resultant BOD COD ratio was found to be 0.007 indicating the substance is not readily biodegradable.

The BOD5 of the reference substance is: 195,180, 200 mg O2/I

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
Study initiation date - 21 October 1992; Experiment start date - 26 October 1992; Experiment completion date - 27 October 1992; Study completion date - 23 November 1992.
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: EEC Directive 84/449 (1984), Part. C.9 according to DEV H 41-1, Deutsches Einheits-Verfahren, 1980
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
Mean of 2 determinations instead of 3
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Code number: FAT 40000/G
Batch number: 67/92
Purity: 79.5%
Appearance: solid
Solubility: miscible
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: 01 June 1993.
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
other: Titration method
Duration of test (contact time):
2 h
Initial conc.:
5 mg/L
Based on:
COD
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Reference substance:
other: Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution
Remarks on result:
not measured/tested
Key result
Parameter:
COD
Value:
402 mg O2/g test mat.
Results with reference substance:
The COD of the reference substance is: 193 mg O2/I
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
The COD of the test substance was found to be 402 mg O2/g.
Executive summary:

The COD of test item was determined to calculate the BOD:COD ratio as a measure of ready biodegradation. A pre-determinated amount of the test substance dissolved in water is oxidized by potassium dichromate in a strong sulphuric acid medium with silver sulphate as a catalyst under reflux for 2 hours. The residual dichromate is determined by titration with standardized ferrous ammonium sulphate (according to DEV H 41-1, DEV1980).

The test substance concentration was tested in 5.0 mg/l. The reference substance Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution was tested in a concentration of 20 ml/I. The COD of test item was found to be 402 mg O2/g. The BOD of same test substance was determined to be 3 mgO2/g in another study. The resultant BOD:COD ratio was calculated to be 0.007, indicating the substance to be not readily biodegradable. The COD of the reference substance is: 193 mg O2/I

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
Study initiation date - 04 February 1993; Experiment start date - 17 February 1993; Experiment completion date - 17 March 1993; Study completion date - 07 April 1993
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Code number: FAT 40000/G
Batch number: 67/92
Purity: 79.5%
Appearance: solid
Solubility: miscible
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: 01 June 1993.
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
sewage, domestic (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
Sludge of a biological sewage treatment plant (ARA-Basel Industries) collected on 16.02.93
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
150 mg/L
Based on:
DOC
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Reference substance:
diethylene glycol
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (DOC removal)
Value:
0
Sampling time:
28 d
Remarks on result:
other: Standard deviation not available
Details on results:
Test substance
The bioelimination of FAT - 40'000/G measured as DOC after 28 days corrected by the blank control is: 0 % (average of 2 tests running in parallel)
Adsorption after 3 hours: 2.5 %

Reference substance: The bioelimination, corrected by the blank control and measured as DOC (mg/l) is: 95.2 % 16th day
Results with reference substance:
The bioelimination of the reference substance after 16 days is : 95.2 %.

 

Reference

Substance

 

Zeit

 

Datum

Mean

Value of the Reference

DOC (mg/l)

 

Value of the

Blank

DOC (mg/l)

 

Elimination

%

Mean

Value of the

Substance

DOC (mg/l)

 

Value of the

Blank

DOC (mg/l)

 

Elimination

%

-1 day

16.02.93

155.6

-

...

147.6

---

...

0

17.02.93

165.8

7.3

0

154.2

7.3

0.5

3 h

17.02.93

169.3

12.1

0

156.0

12.1

2.5

2.day

19.02.93

177.6

14.3

0

162.5

14.3

0

5.day

22.02.93

123.8

20.1

33.4

163.3

20.1

3.0

7.day

24.02.93

62.7

24.2

75.3

165.4

24.2

4.3

8.day

25.02.93

28.2

24.0

97.3

--

...

...

9 day

26.02.93

35.5

30.5

96.8

172.4

30.5

3.9

12 day

01.03.93

31.0

22.5

94.5

172.6

22.5

0

13 day

02.03.93

31.6

17.4

90.9

...

...

...

14 day

03.03.93

31.7

18.2

91.3

170.5

18.2

0

15 day

04.03.93

27.4

16.4

92.9

---

...

...

16 day

05.03.93

26.6

19.2

95.2

169.9

19.2.'

0

19.day

08.03.93

...

...

...

174.3

19.4

0

21.day

10.03.93

...

---

---

165.7

15.3

0

23.day

12.03.93

---

...

--

169.2

15.9

0

26.day

15.03.93

---

...

---

174.0

13.3

0

28 day

17.03.93

---

---

...

171.8

15.4

0

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
Biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 0 %.
Executive summary:

A key study was performed to determine the percent biodegradation of the test item. This study was conducted according to OECD test guideline 302B in a GLP certified laboratory.

The test substance was tested in a concentration of 150 mg/l. The reference substance was diethylene glycol.

Based on the results of the study, biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 0 %. The test item is not inherently biodegradable.

Description of key information

The test substance was determined to be not readily nor inherently biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
not biodegradable
Type of water:
freshwater

Additional information

A key study was performed to determine the percent biodegradation of FAT 40000. An inherent biodegradability of FAT 40000 was determined in a 28 days Test according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 302B. The test substance was tested in a concentration of 150 mg/l. The reference substance was diethylene glycol. Based on the results of the study, biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 0 %.

 

The biochemical oxygen demand of FAT 40000/G is determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration before and after 5 days incubation at 20°C in different test concentrations diluted in water saturated with dissolved oxygen and containing a seed of microorganisms. The test substance was tested in concentrations from about 6 to 800 mg/l. The reference substance D(+)-Glucose / L-Glutamic acid was tested in a concentration of 20 mg/l. The BOD5 of FAT 40000/G: 3 mg 02/g The BOD5 of the reference substance is : 195,180, 200 mg O2/l.

 

A pre-determinated amount of the test substance FAT 40000/G dissolved in water is oxidized by potassium dichromate in a strong sulphuric acid medium with silver sulphate as a catalyst under reflux for 2 hours. The residual dichromate is determined by titration with standardized ferrous ammonium sulphate (according to DEV H 41-1, DEV1980). The test substance concentration was tested in 5.0 mg/l. The reference substance Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution was tested in a concentration of 20 ml/I. The COD of FAT 40000/G is : 402 mg 02/g The COD of the reference substance is: 193 mg O2/l.

 

Based on these results the corresponding BOD5/COD quotient is equivalent to zero, so no biodegradation is expected.

 

Other supporting studies were also performed with following results -

COD:

FAT 40000/E = 771 mg O2/g, FAT 40000/D = 157 mg O2/g, 40000/A = 417 mg O2/g, FAT 40000 = 581 mg O2/g

BOD5 of FAT 40000/E, FAT 40000/D, FAT 40000/A, FAT 40000 were all found to be 0 mg O2/g