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EC number: 936-276-2 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
According to transformation/dissolution study (OECD guidance 29) conducted for the substance, the most critical constituents leachable to water from this UVCB substance are lead and zinc compounds. Therefore, the chemical safety assessment focuses on the properties of constituents and the key values for CSA are selected based on the read-across data on the most bioavailable compounds of Pb and Zn.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 21.7 µg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for marine water algae:
- 52.9 µg/L
Additional information
The environmental hazard assessment was conducted based on the most critical constituents of the substance. This substance is an inorganic UVCB substance and can be described as a moist solid powder which is insoluble to water. Therefore, the transformation/dissolution study (OECD guidance 29) was conducted for the substance and the results of this study were used for the chemical safety assessment.
According to the chemical composition analysis, the main phases of the substance are lead sulphate and zinc sulphide. The product consists primarily of sulphur (ca. 35 %), lead (ca. 25 %) and zinc (ca. 17 %) together with minor trace elements such as silver, silicon, aluminium, calcium and iron.
According to T/D study results, the most soluble and critical components of this substance are lead and zinc. Therefore, the studies for this endpoint have been selected as a read-across data for the critical constituents. The read-across justification is presented in CSR annex I. All read-across data for ecotoxicology are based on test data using either soluble Pb or Zn salts or measured (dissolved) Pb or Zn concentrations. The weight of evidence approach was used to make conclusions on the key value for CSA.
Toxicity of lead and its compounds
Freshwater:
For algae, 7 individual reliable freshwater acute toxicity data points for one species were available for hazard assessment. The acute toxicity values (48h-LC50) for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata varied between of 21.7 µg dissolved Pb/L (at pH 7.5 and hardness of 24.2 mg/L) and 322.9 µg dissolved Pb/L (at pH 7.3 and hardness of 174.4 mg/L). 2 different chronic high quality no-effect levels for dissolved lead for freshwater algae were between 34.1µg Pb/L and 93.0 µg Pb/L (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata).
The freshwater lowest chronic toxicity (48-h EC50, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (growth rate)) value: 21.7 µg/L (95 % CI 20.1-23.5 µg/L, OECD 201)
Marine:
High quality no-effect levels for dissolved lead for marine algae plants were between 52.9 µg Pb/L (Skeletonema costatum; endpoint: yield) and 1231.8 µg Pb/L (Dunaliella tertiolecta; endpoint: growth rate).
The marine lowest toxicity (96-h EC10, Skeletonema costatum (average specific growth rate)) value: 52.9 µg/l (95% CI 42.3 - 66.3 µg, ASTM E1218 2006)
Toxicity of zinc and its compounds
Freshwater
Chronic freshwater data is available for 2 species. Tests are of high quality and relevancy and they were done according to standard protocols or equivalent. The lowest IC50 value to freshwater algae was 0.136 mg Zn/l (Selenastrum capricornutum; single value) (neutral/high pH). The lowest NOEC to freshwater algae was 0.019 mg Zn/l (Pseudokircherniella subcapitata = Selenastrum capricornutum) calculated from as geometric mean fom 27 results).
Acute freshwater toxicity tests are of high quality and relevancy and they were performed according to standard protocol. Information is available from 1 species (Pseudokircherniella subcapitata) which is the most sensitive organism for zinc in both acute and chronic toxicity.
The freshwater lowest toxicity (72-h LC50, Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata (growth rate)) value: 0.136mg/L (OECD 201)
Marine
Data consist from chronic seawater tests with high quality and relevancy and they were done according to standard protocols or equivalent. Data is available from 12 different species, results range between 7.2 µg/l (Ceramium tenuicore) and 1090 µg/l (Macrocystis pyrifera).
The marine lowest toxicity (EC10 7-d, Ceramium tenuicore, (length) value: 7.2 µg/L (according to author the test will become an international standard within ISO).
Conclusions for CSA:
Toxicity of the test substance is evaluated by using WoE read-across data from the two critical components of the test substance (zinc and lead). From the toxicity data, lead has the lowest key values for toxicity to freshwater and marine aquatic algae and cyanobacteria. Therefore, the toxicity values from lead were used as key values for CSA. However, as lead and zinc are both relevant for environmental ES&RC, key values from both constituents were used for PNEC-derivation and taken into account in the exposure assessment (CSR sections 9&10).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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