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EC number: 220-395-5 | CAS number: 2752-17-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2011-11-23 - 2012-01-26
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Well performed study according to OECD guideline 202 and in agreement with GLP requirements. However, since initial pH levels in the test solutions 18-100 mg/L (of which 18 mg/L shows partial mortality) were > 9 (9.2-10), this may have affected the results of the test and therefore the results of this study can be considered reliable, but with restrictions.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- ; 10 daphnids in duplicate
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): BAEE
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: 95.9 %
- Lot/batch No.: LL080179
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: not provided
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature in the dark - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - At 0 and 48 h duplicate samples (replicates pooled) were taken from the control, 1.0, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/L test groups for analytical verification of test substance concentrations.
- All samples were stored at approximately - 20 °C before analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- - 200 mg of test item was directly dissolved in reconstituted water and the volume adjusted to give the 100 mg/L test concentration.
- Based on this test solution the other test solutions were prepared by serial dilution.
- Each prepared test solution was inverted several times to ensure adequate mixing and homogeneity. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: in-house laboratory culture
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 1st instar, < 24 h old
- Method of breeding:
* in 150 mL glass beakers containing Elendt M7 medium
* temperature controlled room at approximately 20 °C
* light cycle: 16:8 light:dark with 20 min dusk and dawn periods
* feeding frequency: daily
* food type: mixture of algal suspension (Desmodesmus subspicatus) and Tetramin® flake food suspension
* parthenogenetic reproduction
* gravid adults isolated day before initiation of test; young produced overnight were less than 24 hours old
- Feeding during test: no - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- none
- Hardness:
- ca. 250 mg CaCO3/L (reconstituted water)
- Test temperature:
- 21-22 °C
- pH:
- 8.0-10 at 0 h
8.1-8.8 after 48 h - Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.8-9.1 mg O2/L at 0 h
8.5-8.7 after 48 h - Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentrations: control, 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L
- Measured concentrations ranged from 91-110% of nominal - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: beaker/jar
- Type (delete if not applicable): covered to prevent evaporation
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 250 mL, with 200 mL fill volume
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: deionised water
- Reconstituted water was used as test medium (containing CaCl2.2H2O, MgSO4.7H2O, NaHCO3, KCl)
- Intervals of water quality measurement during the test:
* water temperature: daily
* dissolved oxygen and pH: at start and termination of test
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16:8 light:dark with 20 minutes for dusk and dawn
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): immobilisation after 24 and 48 h
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: ca. 1.8
- Range finding study: yes
- Test concentrations during range finding study: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
* No significant immobilisation observed at test concentrations of 0.10 and 1.0 mg/L
* 20% immobilisation observed at 1.0 mg/L while 100 % immobilisation observed at 100 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 7.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 6.1-9.5 mg/L
- Details on results:
- - EC50(24h) value is 18 mg/L with 95 % C.I. from 14 to 22 mg/L
- NOEC after 24 and 48 hours is 1.8 mg/L - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - EC50(24h): 1.3 mg/L, 95 % C.I. 1.0-1.8 mg/L
- EC50(48h): 1.1 mg/L, 95 % C.I. 1.0-1.3 mg/L
- The results from the positive control were within the normal range for this reference item. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC50 values and associated confidence limits at 24 and 48 hours and the slope of the response curve and its standard error were calculated by the maximum-likelihood probit method (Finney 1971) using the ToxCalc computer software package (ToxCalc 1999).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The study reported a 48-h EC50 value of 7.6 mg/L for Daphnia magna for the test substance. Analytical verification of test substance concentrations showed measured concentrations to be close to nominal. Initial pH levels of test solutions 18-100 mg/L were outside the allowed range of 6-9 (> 9). At the end of testing pH levels had returned to normal (8.4-8.8). However, especially with the 18 mg/L test solution showing partial mortality, this may have affected the test results and therefore the results should be considered reliable but with restriction.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 2009
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- accepted calculation method
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction using the most recent version of ECOSAR (2009) - can be used as key information in a weight-of-evidence approach.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ECOSAR v.1.00 (ECOWIN v.1.00)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- QSAR predictions were conducted using ECOSAR v.1.00 (2009) using the QSAR for aliphatic amines
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Daphnid (not specified)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 181.467 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- Validity of EC50 model:
1. Defined endpoint: 48-h LC50 for daphnid.
2. Unambiguous algorithm: linear regression QSAR; Log 48-h LC50 (mmol/L) = -0.5119 (log Kow) - 0.7278
3. Applicability domain: APPLICATION: This SAR may be used to estimate toxicity for aliphatic amines. LIMITATIONS: For aliphatic amines with log Kow values greater than 5.0, a test duration of greater than 48 hours may be required for proper expression of toxicity. Also, if the acute toxicity value obtained by the use of this equation exceeds the water solubility of the compound (measured or estimated), significant mortalities would not be expected in a saturated solution during an exposure period of 48 hours.
4. Statistical characteristics: The LC50 is in millimoles per liter (mM/L); N = 44 + 15; and the Coefficient of Determination (R2) = 0.554.
Validity of chronic value model:
1. Defined endpoint: chronic value for daphnid.
2. Unambiguous algorithm: linear regression QSAR; Log ChV (mmol/L) = -0.0977 (log Kow) - 3.7304
3. Applicability domain: APPLICATION: This SAR may be used to estimate toxicity for aliphatic amines. LIMITATIONS: If the log Kow value is greater than 8.0, or if the compound is solid and the ChV exceeds the water solubility by 10X, no effects at saturation are predicted.
4. Statistical characteristics: The ChV is in millimoles per liter (mM/L); N =3; and the Coefficient of Determination (R2) = 0.9538.
Adequacy of prediction: the substance falls within the applicability domains described above and therefore the predicted values can be considered reliable. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- QSAR predictions were conducted using the latest version of US EPA's ECOSAR (v.1.00, 2009) using input values of -1.89 for log Kow and 1E+006 mg/L for water solubility in the QSAR for aliphatic amines. The model predicted a 48-h LC50 and a chronic value for daphnid of 181.467 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L, respectively. Because the substance falls within the applicability domain of the models these predicted values can be considered reliable.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
The EC50 value of 7.6 mg/L from the key study is taken for further assessment.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 7.6 mg/L
Additional information
The acute toxicity of the test substanc to the waterflea, Daphnia magna, was investigated in a 48-hour static test according to the EEC-Guideline 79/831/EEC method C.2 (Harlan, 2012). Based on nominal concentrations, the 48-hour EC50 was estimated to be 7.6 mg/L.
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