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Toxicological information

Acute Toxicity: oral

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
acute toxicity: oral
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Justification for type of information:
Data is from experimental study report.

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2017
Report date:
2017

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 423 (Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method)
Principles of method if other than guideline:
The purpose of this study was to assess the Toxicological profile of test item to a single administration via oral route to Sprague Dawley rats. This study was designed to determine the acute toxicity at fixed dose levels by oral route of the test item.
GLP compliance:
yes
Test type:
acute toxic class method
Limit test:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Benzimidazole-2-thiol
EC Number:
209-502-6
EC Name:
Benzimidazole-2-thiol
Cas Number:
583-39-1
Molecular formula:
C7H6N2S
IUPAC Name:
1H-benzimidazole-2-thiol
Test material form:
solid
Details on test material:
Name of substance: 2H-Benzimidazole-2-thione, 1,3-dihydro-
Molecular formula: C7-H6-N2-S
Molecular weight: 150.204
Smiles: c12c(nc([nH]1)S)cccc2
Inchi: 1S/C7H6N2S/c10-7-8-5-3-1-2-4-6(5)9-7/h1-4H,(H2,8,9,10)
Substance type: Organic
Physical state: solid

Test animals

Species:
rat
Strain:
Sprague-Dawley
Sex:
female
Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: National Institute of Biosciences, Pune.
- Females nulliparous and non-pregnant: yes
- Age at study initiation: Female rats of the age of approximately 8 to 12 weeks old were used at the commencement of its dosing.
- Weight at study initiation: Body weight range was 198.6 to 207.2 grams.
Body weights at the start : Female Mean: 202.32 g (= 100 %); Minimum : 198.6 g (- 1.84 %); Maximum : 207.2 g (+ 2.41 %)
- Identification: Each female rat was individually identified by the picric acid marking.
- Fasting period before study: Approximately 16 hours or more.
- Housing: The rats were housed in polycarbonate cages.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Rodent feed supplied by the Nutrivet Life Sciences, Pune, was provided ad libitum from individual feeders.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Water was provided ad libitum from individual bottles attached to the cages. All water was from a local source and passed through the reverse osmosis membrane before use.
- Acclimation period: 5 days.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.3 to 22.9 degree centigrade.
- Humidity (%): 56.1% to 60.2%
- Air changes (per hr): Ten to fifteen air changes per hour.
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): An artificial light and dark cycle of 12 hours each was provided to the room.

IN-LIFE DATES: 14-06-2017 to 02-07-2017

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:
oral: gavage
Vehicle:
corn oil
Details on oral exposure:
VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle: 300 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg
MAXIMUM DOSE VOLUME APPLIED: 10 ml/kg body weight.
Doses:
Dose Group I : 300 mg/kg
Dose Group II : 50 mg/kg
Dose Group II : 50 mg/kg
No. of animals per sex per dose:
Three females were used at each step.
Control animals:
not specified
Details on study design:
- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Twice daily
- Necropsy of survivors performed: Yes
- Other examinations performed: Clinical Observations and General Appearance: Animals were observed for clinical signs, mortality and morbidity, until sacrifice.
Onset, duration and severity of any sign were recorded. The clinical signs and mortality observations were conducted at immediately (0 to 5 minutes), 5, 10, 30, 60 minutes, 2, 4 and 6 hours on the day of dosing and once daily thereafter for 14 day. Daily observation was done as far as possible at the same time.
The observations were included general clinical signs, observations of eyes, mucous membranes, respiratory, circulatory system and behavior pattern.

Body weights: Individual animal body weights were recorded, before fasting, prior to administration of the test item (fasting body weights), weekly thereafter and at termination on day 14. Weight changes were calculated and recorded.

Gross Pathology: Necropsy was performed on all animals, found dead and sacrificed at the end of the study. Macroscopic examination of all the orifices, cavities and tissues were made and the findings were recorded. All animals surviving the study period were sacrificed by the carbon dioxide asphyxiation technique (day 15).

Histopathology: Gross pathological examination revealed distended stomach with liquid ingesta and haemorrhages on mucosa, lesion observed due to the localized irritation of test item and no other systemic abnormality observed hence, no organ collected for histopathology.
Statistics:
not specified

Results and discussion

Preliminary study:
not specified
Effect levels
Sex:
female
Dose descriptor:
LD50
Effect level:
> 50 - < 300 mg/kg bw
Based on:
test mat.
Remarks on result:
other: LD50 cut off value
Mortality:
Group I Step I : Animals treated at the dose level of 300 mg/kg body weight: Two animals died on day 1 after the dosing.
Group II Step I : Animals treated at the dose level of 50 mg/kg body weight: All animals survived through the study period of 14 days.
Group II Step II : Animals treated at the dose level of 50 mg/kg body weight: All animals survived through the study period of 14 days.
Clinical signs:
other: Group I Step I : Animals treated at the dose level of 300 mg/kg body weight resulted in diarrhoea, exophthalmos, loss of righting reflex, markedly reduced locomotor activity, reduced locomotor activity and ataxic gait with onset at 30 minutes to day 1 aft
Gross pathology:
Gross pathological examination did not reveal any abnormalities in animals sacrificed terminally from 300 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg dose groups. Gross pathological examination revealed distended stomach with liquid ingesta and haemorrhages on mucosa in found dead animals from 300 mg/kg dose group.
Other findings:
not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table No. I

Summary of Clinical Signs of Toxicity and Mortality

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Female

Group I :

Step

No.

Dose mg/kg

Observed Signs

Total Number of

Animals

Animal Nos.

Period of signs in days

From - to

Mortality

I

300

Diarrhoea  

1

2

Day 1

2/3

Exophthalmos

3

1,3

2

30 min. - 1 hr.

1 hr.

Loss of righting reflex 

3

1,3

2

30 min. - 6 hrs.

2 hrs. - Day 1

Markedly Reduced locomotor activity

3

1,2,3

2 hrs. - 6 hrs.

Reduced locomotor activity

3

1,3

2

30 min. - 6 hrs.

30 min. - Day 2

Ataxic gait

3

1,3

2

30 min. - 6 hrs.

30 min. - Day 2

 

Group II :

Step

No.

Dose mg/kg

Observed Signs

Total Number of

Animals

Animal Nos.

Period of signs

in days

From - to

Mortality

I

50

Reduced locomotor activity 

3

4,5,6

30 min. - 6 hrs.

0/3

Ataxic gait

3

4,5,6

30 min. - 6 hrs.

 

Group II :

Step

No.

Dose mg/kg

Observed Signs

Total Number of

Animals

Animal Nos.

Period of signs

in days

From - to

Mortality

II

50

Reduced locomotor activity 

3

7

8,9

1 hr. - 6 hrs.

30 min. - 6 hrs.

0/3

Ataxic gait

3

7

8,9

1 hr. - 6 hrs.

30 min. - 6 hrs.

 

 

 Table No.II 

Mean Body Weight and Percent Body Weight Gain (g)

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Female

Group I :

Step

No.

Dose

(mg/kg body weight)

 

Before Fasting Body weight

Body weight Day 7

% body weight gain

day 0-7

Body weight Day 14

% body weight gain

day 7- 14

% body weight gain

day 0- 14

I

300

Mean

204.47

208.50

3.83

220.10

5.56

9.61

± SD

3.30

-

-

-

-

-

  

Group II :

Step

No.

Dose

(mg/kg body weight)

 

Before Fasting Body weight

Body weight Day 7

% body weight gain

day 0-7

Body weight Day 14

% body weight gain

day 7- 14

% body weight gain

day 0- 14

I

50

Mean

201.33

213.00

5.80

225.90

6.05

12.20

± SD

4.14

4.11

0.76

4.65

0.20

0.97

  

Group II :

Step

No.

Dose

(mg/kg body weight)

 

Before Fasting Body weight

Body weight Day 7

% body weight gain

day 0-7

Body weight Day 14

% body weight gain

day 7- 14

% body weight gain

day 0- 14

II

50

Mean

201.17

213.07

5.91

226.23

6.18

12.45

± SD

1.88

3.66

0.95

4.18

0.70

1.03

 

 

 Table No.III 

Summary of Gross Pathological Findings

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Female

Group I :

 

Step

No.

Dose

mg/kg

Animal Numbers

Animal Fate

Gross Pathological Findings

I

300

1, 3

FD

Stomach : Distended with liquid ingesta and haemorrhages on mucosa.

2

TS

No abnormality detected

 

Group II :

Step

No.

Dose

mg/kg

Animal Numbers

Animal Fate

Gross Pathological Findings

I

50

4 - 6

TS

No abnormality detected

 

  Group II :

Step

No.

Dose

mg/kg

Animal Numbers

Animal Fate

Gross Pathological Findings

II

50

7 - 9

TS

No abnormality detected

            

FD = Found dead

TS = Terminal sacrifice   

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:
Category 3 based on GHS criteria
Conclusions:
Under the condition of the study, the acute oral LD50 value of the given test chemical was considered in between 50-300 mg/kg body weight. 
Thus, it was concluded that the acute toxicity study of the given test chemical, when administered via oral route in Sprague Dawley rats falls into the “Category 3 (50 – ≤ 300)” criteria of CLP.
Executive summary:

The reported study was designed and conducted to determine the acute oral toxicity profile of the given test chemical as per OECD Guideline 423 (Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method) in Sprague Dawley rats.

Initially, three female animals were treated at the dose level of 300 mg/kg body weight of the test item. Administration of the test item at 300 mg/kg resulted in diarrhoea, exophthalmos, loss of righting reflex, markedly reduced locomotor activity, reduced locomotor activity and ataxic gait with onset at 30 minutes to day 1 after the dosing. Two animals died on day 1 after the dosing. As mortality was observed at 300 mg/kg dose group, additional three female animals were treated with the lower dose of 50 mg/kg of the test item.

Administration of the test item at 50 mg/kg resulted in reduced locomotor activity and ataxic gait with onset at 30 minutes after the dosing and no mortality at 24 hours after the dosing. As no mortality was observed at 24 hours after the dosing, three additional female animals were added to the study and treated with the dose of 50 mg/kg of the test item. Administration of the test item at 50 mg/kg resulted in reduced locomotor activity and ataxic gait with onset at 30 minutes to day 1 after the dosing and no mortality at 24 hours after the dosing.

One animal from 300 mg/kg dose group and all animals from 50 mg/kg dose group survived through the study period of 14 days. Gross pathological examination did not reveal any abnormalities in animals sacrificed terminally from 300 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg dose groups. Gross pathological examination revealed distended stomach with liquid ingesta and haemorrhages on mucosa in found dead animals from 300 mg/kg dose group.

Under the condition of the study, the acute oral LD50 value of the given test chemical was considered in between 50-300 mg/kg body weight. 

Thus, it was concluded that the acute toxicity study of the given test chemical, when administered via oral route in Sprague Dawley rats falls into the “Category 3 (50 – ≤ 300)” criteria of CLP.