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EC number: 280-084-5 | CAS number: 82985-35-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies
- Study period:
- 1988-08-09 to 1988-08-11
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: non reliable study
- Remarks:
- study not in accordance with current OECD 202 standards (e.g. number of animals per replicate too high, insufficient information on test substance purity)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: A stock solution of the substance was prepared in 1% Tween 80-acetone. Nine test concentrations plus 1 control and 1 solvent control (including 100 µL/L auxiliary solvent) were then prepared by addition of the stock solution to dilution water. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISMS
Source: Laboratory culture originating from a strain supplied by IRCHA, France.
Culture conditions: At 20+/-2°C in glass vessels containing two litres of dechlorinated and aged tap-water. Cultures were fed daily with a mixture of fry fish food (Liquifry®) and a suspension of mixed algae (predominantly Chlorella spp.). Culture conditions ensure that reproduction is by parthenogenesis.
Test organisms: Gravid adults were isolated 24 hours prior to initiation of the test. Young daphnids produced overnight by these adults were used for testing. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- Approximately 350 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 22°C
- pH:
- 7.9-8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.9-8.3 mg/L
- Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 0 (Control), 0 (Solvent control), 0.10, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6 and 10 mg/L.
- Details on test conditions:
- - Test vessels: Glass jars each containing 200 mL test solution.
- Experimental design: Nine test concentrations plus 1 control and 1 solvent control (including 100 µL/L auxiliary solvent), each in duplicate. 20 animals per test concentration.
- Method of initiation: Daphnia were placed in the test solutions after addition of the test substance.
- Loading: 20 mL test solution per organism.
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 h dark.
- Temperature: 21+/-1°C
- Aeration: None
- Test concentrations: 0 (Control), 0 (Solvent control), 0.10, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6 and 10 mg/L.
- Medium renewal: None
- Duration of exposure: 48 hours
- Criteria of effect: Daphnia were considered to be immobilised if they were unable to swim for approximately 15 seconds after gentle agitation. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- but exposure is to hydrolysis products
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 2.9-4.1
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- but exposure is to hydrolysis products
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Immobilisation of control: None
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Analysis of the immobilisation data to determine LC50 values was by the method of Thompson, W.R. & Weil, C.S. (1952), Biometrics 8, 51-54.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A 48-hour EC50 value of 3.5 mg/L and a NOEC of 1.8 mg/L have been determined for the effects of the test substance on mobility of Daphnia magna. The test substance hydrolyses rapidly in water and it is therefore likely that the test organisms were primarily exposed to the hydrolysis products of the substance.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 05 - 07 Aug 2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilization Test stipulated in the Testing Methods for New Chemical Substances of Japan
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2004
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD Guidance Document, No.23, September 2000, Guidance Document on Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Difficult Substances and Mixtures
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: silanol form was measured in all test levels at the start and the end of the exposure. Methanol was measured for the 100 mg/L level (with pH adjustment) and methanol control at the start of the exposure. As the test item hydrolyzes in water and forms silanol and methanol, these both components were measured in the test solutions instead of the test item itself.
- Sampling method: 10 mL of the test solution was taken out from the middle layer of the test vessel. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: test item and dilution water were mixed and stirred for 2 h at approx. 20 °C. The suspension was filtered with a glass fiber filter. Filtrate was sitted for 30 min at approx. 20 °C to recover dissolved oxygen concentration. Test solutions were prepared by diluting this stock solution with dilution water (pH unadjusted). Additional test solutions were prepared in the same way with a final adjustment of the pH to the pH of the dilution water.
- Controls: dilution water processing similar to stock solution without the test item
- Methanol controls: prepared at the concentration corresponding to the theoretical methanol concentration contained in 100 mg/L test solution (theoretical mehtanol concentration = concentration of silanol form * 32.04 (methanol molecular weight) * 6/257.40 (silanol form molecular weight)) - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Clone: A
- Source: young Daphnids produced by parents that were cultured in the laboratory were used (initial source: University of Sheffield, United Kingdom)
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): less than 24 h
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same type of water, 20 ± 1 °C, same photoperiod as test
- Type and amount of food: Chlorella vulgaris, 0.1 - 0.2 mg C per day and per Daphnia
- Feeding frequency: once a day - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 30 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- pH unadjusted: 19.8 - 19.9 °C
pH adjusted: 19.8 - 19.9 °C - pH:
- pH unadjusted: 7.7 - 9.2
pH adjusted: 7.8 - 8.0 - Dissolved oxygen:
- pH unadjusted: 8.8 - 9.0 mg/L
pH adjusted: 8.8 - 9.0 mg/L - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0 (control), 20, 30, 44, 67 and 100 mg/L (nominal, as silanol form, pH unadjusted)
100 mg/L (nominal, as silanol form, pH adjusted) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 mL glass beaker with a transparent plastic lid
- Fill volume: 100 mL
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per methanol control (replicates):4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: dechlorinated tap water
- Ca/Mg ratio: 8.5/2.2 mg/L
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature was measured at the start and at the end of exposure
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: highest tested concentration (100 mg/L) was prepared in two parallels, one with and one without pH adjustment
- Photoperiod: 16 h light/8 h dark
- Light intensity: artificial light of white fluorescent lamp
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: immobility and symptoms of test organisms was recorded at 24 and 48 h of exposure
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.5
- Preliminary study: was conducted in order to follow hydrolysis of the the test item. 156 mg/L (as test item concentration) were prepared in ultra pure water. Methanol was measured after 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 hours in order to follow the state of hydrolysis. 94.3, 95.2, 98.5 and 102% of the theoretical formed concentration (87.8 mg/L) was measured after 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 h, respectively.
- Range finding test: yes, static regime, 5 test organisms/test vessel, 2 parallels with and without pH adjustment
- Test concentrations: 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 0 - 20% immobility was observed after 48 h at 100 mg test item/L when no pH adjustment took place (pH: 8.2 - 9.3). 0% mortality was observed after 48 h when pH was adjusted to the pH of the dilution water (pH: 7.7 - 7.9). Based on these results, concentrations between 20 and 100 mg/L were tested at the definitive test. Two parallel tests were run with and without pH adjustment, since the pH exceeded 9 when pH of the medium was not adjusted. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: pH unadjusted
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: pH adjusted
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of control: no
- Mortality of methanol control: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid: yes
- EC50 (48 h): 0.26 mg/L - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A 48 h EC50 value of > 100 mg/L was determined both when the pH was adjusted or unadjusted. However, NOEC (48 h) was found to be 44 mg/L (nominal) when pH was unadjusted and >= 100 mg/L (nominal) when pH was adjusted to the pH of the dilution water.
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 1. Test results
Nominal concentration (mg/L) |
Mean percentage immobilisation after 24 hours |
Mean percentage immobilisation after 48 hours |
0 (Control) |
0 |
0 |
0 (Solvent control) |
0 |
0 |
0.10 |
0 |
0 |
0.18 |
0 |
0 |
0.32 |
0 |
0 |
0.56 |
0 |
0 |
1.0 |
0 |
5 |
1.8 |
0 |
10 |
3.2 |
5 |
25 |
5.6 |
60 |
95 |
10 |
100 |
100 |
Description of key information
EC50 (48 h) >100 mg/L (nominal, OECD 202)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Two studies are available evaluating the short term toxicity of bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine (CAS 82985 -35 -1) towards aquatic invertebrates.
The key study was conducted according to the OECD guideline 202 and GLP standards (2014). Daphnia magna was exposed in a static test regime to the nominal test item concentrations of 0 (control), 20, 30, 44, 67 and 100 mg/L with unadjusted pH and to 100 mg/L with pH adjustment. The test item was analytically monitored during the study by LC-MS and GC analysis. Due to rapid hydrolysis of the substance, the hydrolysis products were analytically followed and measured in all test levels at the start and the end of the exposure. The analytical recovery of the hydrolysis products was between 84 - 112% at test start and test end. In both cases (pH adjusted and pH not adjusted) the EC50 (48 h) was > 100 mg/L.
One further study is available conducted according to OECD guideline 202 (1988). However, a vehicle was used in this study and was therefore evaluated as not reliable.
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