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EC number: 273-727-6 | CAS number: 69012-27-7 By-product of chromium refining containing oxides of aluminum, magnesium and silicon.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Acceptable, well documented study report which meet sbasic scientific principles. Read-across to kaolin and bentonite: The amorphous glass phase of FeCr-slag consists of practically insoluble silicates, and therefore selection of kaolin and bentonite for read-across is justified.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Topical prevention of poison ivy/oak dermatitis.
- Author:
- Epstein, W.L.
- Year:
- 1 989
- Bibliographic source:
- Arch Dermatol 125, 499-501
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The potential of different substances as topical protectants against experimental poison ivy/oak dermatitis was tested in humans. The test substances were sprayed on the volar aspect of each forearm of the test persons, and was repeated within 10-14 days.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
Test animals
- Species:
- human
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- 28 healthy men and women volunteers, who reacted to 4.75 nmol or less of urushiol, were selected for the test.
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- open
- Preparation of test site:
- other: Test material was sprayed on forearm. After 4 h, open patch tests with urushiol were applied to the forearms.
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Controls:
- yes
- Amount / concentration applied:
- No data
- Observation period:
- Up to 10-14 days
- Number of animals:
- 28 humans
- Details on study design:
- The potential of different substances as topical protectants against experimental poison ivy/oak dermatitis was tested in humans. A spray of kaolin, bentonite or silicone-containing areosols was applied on the volar aspect of each forearm of the test persons and was repeated within 10-14 days.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- other: no data
- Basis:
- other: no data
- Time point:
- other: 0-14 days
- Score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: No signs of primary irritation were observed
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- No signs of primary irritation were observed with any of the substaces.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: not specified
- Conclusions:
- Application of kaolin or bentonite on the forearm of humans did not cause any signs of irritation.
- Executive summary:
The potential of different substances (for example kaolin and bentonite)
as topical protectants against experimental poison ivy/oak dermatitis was tested in humans. The test substances were sprayed on the volar aspect of each forearm of the test persons, and was repeated within 10-14 days. No signs of primary irritation were observed with any of the substaces. The compositions and concentrations of the sprays were not described.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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