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EC number: 700-903-6 | CAS number: 255830-15-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 12.11.1991 to 16.07.1993
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 995
- Report date:
- 1995
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- toxicokinetics
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 417 (Toxicokinetics)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Only one dose tested.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Nitrilotrimethylenetris(phosphonic acid)
- EC Number:
- 229-146-5
- EC Name:
- Nitrilotrimethylenetris(phosphonic acid)
- Cas Number:
- 6419-19-8
- Molecular formula:
- C3H12NO9P3
- IUPAC Name:
- [nitrilotris(methylene)]tris(phosphonic acid)
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Portage or Charles River Kingston
- Age at study initiation: 51 to 81 days
- Weight at study initiation: 242 to 393 grams
- Fasting period before study: No data
- Housing: Individual stainless steel cages with wire mesh bottoms, or Roth-type metabolism cages.
- Individual metabolism cages: yes
- Diet: Ad libitum
- Water: Ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 14-31 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): No data
- Humidity (%): No data
- Air changes (per hr): No data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours dark / 12 hours light
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 27.12.1991 To: 16.07.1993
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS: Test substance was dissolved in distilled water. All dosing solutions were aliquoted by weight, diluted and weighed portions were counted by Liquid Scintillation Counting to determine concentration and specific activity.
VEHICLE : Distilled water
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle (if other than water): N/A
- Concentration in vehicle: No data
- Amount of vehicle: 1 to 2 ml
- Lot/batch no.: No data
- Purity: No data
HOMOGENEITY AND STABILITY OF TEST MATERIAL: No data - Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- Single dose (animals killed ten days later)
Doses / concentrations
- Dose / conc.:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day
- Remarks:
- Received dose was calculated by weighing syringe plus dosing needle before and after use. Specific activity of dosing solution = 1073600 dpm/mg; equivalent amount of radioactivity = 28.76 uCi/rat.
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- Males: four
A further two rats (dosed as above) were sacrificed 1 day and 10 day post-treatment for whole-body autoradiography.
A further two rats were dosed as above and were sacrificed after 72 hours. This group was used to determine whether radioactivity was present in expired CO2, but was not discussed in the study report. - Control animals:
- no
- Positive control reference chemical:
- None
- Details on study design:
- - Dose selection rationale: No data
- Rationale for animal assignment (if not random): No data - Details on dosing and sampling:
- PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY (Absorption, distribution, excretion)
- Tissues and body fluids sampled (delete / add / specify): urine, faeces, blood, tissues, cage washes
- Time and frequency of sampling: Urine, faeces and cage washes at 24 hour intervals after dosing until sacrifice, in-life blood samples were collected at 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours after dosing, then daily thereafter. At sacrifice blood samples were obtained and the following tissues and organs obtained: liver, kidneys, bone (femur), spleen, skeletal muscle, bone marrow. Gastrointestinal contents were collected by flushing the intestinal tract with saline. All samples were stored frozen at -20oC.
METABOLITE CHARACTERISATION STUDIES
- Tissues and body fluids sampled: urine
- Time and frequency of sampling: 24 hours after treatment.
- From how many animals: Unclear from study report
- Method type(s) for identification: HPLC
- Limits of detection and quantification: No data - Statistics:
- Data were presented as the mean ± the standard error of the mean (SEM).
Results and discussion
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- The percent of ATMP absorbed was calculated to be approximately 2.2 %.
Urine = 1.1% Cage wash = 0.305% Carcass = 0.209% Tissue/organs = 0.055% Gut contents = 0.022% Blood = 0.0006% Plasma = 0.0005% - Details on distribution in tissues:
- Approximately 0.2 % of the dose was found in the carcass of animals dosed orally. Very little ATMP-derived radioactivity remained in any of the other analysed tissues ten days after dosing. When comparing the tissue to blood levels (see Table 2), the bones had the highest tissue to blood ratios.
Transfer into organs
- Observation:
- not determined
- Details on excretion:
- The major route of elimination was by faeces (84%), while urine (1.1%) contributed much less (see Table 1). No significant amount of 14C was present in exhaled carbon dioxide (no further details).
Toxicokinetic parametersopen allclose all
- Test no.:
- #1
- Toxicokinetic parameters:
- half-life 1st: 5 hours (urinary)
- Test no.:
- #1
- Toxicokinetic parameters:
- half-life 2nd: 70 hours (urinary)
- Test no.:
- #1
- Toxicokinetic parameters:
- half-life 1st: 5.3 hours (whole body)
- Test no.:
- #1
- Toxicokinetic parameters:
- half-life 2nd: 299 hours (whole body)
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- yes
- Details on metabolites:
- URINARY METABOLITES (24 hours sample) Parent compound = 25.1%, N-methyl derivative = 45.9%; Unidentified = 28.6% (no further details)
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1 Summary of urinary and faecal elimination.
Day | Faecal elimination (%) | Urinary elimination (%) |
1 |
|
1.016 |
2 |
9.448 |
0.056 |
3 |
0.34 |
0.019 |
4 |
0.031 |
0.013 |
5 -10 |
0.242 |
0.0342 |
Table 2 Summary of blood:tissue ratios at Day 10
Tissue |
Ratio |
Tibia |
191 |
Femur | 158 |
Bone marrow | 104 |
Sternum | 75.6 |
Carcass | 7.81 |
Gut contents | 3.63 |
Kidneys | 2.61 |
Spleen | 1.8 |
Liver | 1.1 |
Blood | 1.0 |
Erythrocytes | 0.792 |
Muscle | 0.644 |
Plasma | 0.02 |
RECOVERY DATA
Individual total recovery = 81.85 - 88.55%
Mean total recovery = 85.90% (SEM = 1.62)
AUTORADIOGRAPHY
At 24 h, the major regions of localisation of 14C were:
- gut contents
- stomach contents
- nasal turbinates
- bone and bone marrow
Radioactivity also observed in the kidney (no other tissues)
and throughout all bones of the body (most intense in
epiphyseal plate of the long bones and in nasal turbinates).
At 10 d post-dose, intense localisation still apparent in
bone, especially the epiphyseal plate of the long bones.
Some low level deposition of 14C was present in stomach
lining and the kidneys (no other tissues affected). (The
authors note that this pattern is consistent with that
reported for EHDP.)
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In a well conducted toxicokinetics study, conducted according to OECD TG 417 and in compliance with GLP, ATMP was poorly absorbed and rapidly eliminated after oral administration. Total recovery was 86%. The majority of the dose (84.2%) was excreted in the faeces and only 1.1% was excreted in the urine. The amount of radioactivity in the urine was used to determine the extent of absorption by comparing urinary excretion between orally and intravenously dosed rats. Using this approach, absorption following administration of 14C-labelled ATMP was shown to be approximately 2.2%. The initial and terminal urinary half-lives were approximately 5 and 70 hours, respectively. The initial phase whole-body elimination half-life was 5.3 hours and the terminal half-life was 299 hours. HPLC analysis of urine samples collected 24 hours after administration revealed the presence of the parent compound, the n-methyl derivative and an unidentified metabolite. Approximately 0.06% of the dose was found in the bone (femur, tibia and sternum) and 0.21% of the dose was found in the carcass. The overall tissue distribution confirmed that the highest levels of radioactivity were in the bone. The only tissue that demonstrated significant accumulation of ATMP-derived radioactivity was bone.
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