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EC number: 201-180-5 | CAS number: 79-14-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Hydrolysis
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- hydrolysis
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 111 (Hydrolysis as a Function of pH)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Radiolabelling:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Individual separate replicates (n=4) were sampled for each pH (4, 7 and 9) and at each sampling interval (i.e. 0 and 5 days).
- Buffers:
- Buffers (0.05 M) were prepared at pH 4 (500 mL, 0.1 M potassium hydrogen phthalate and 4 mL 0.1 M sodium hydroxide diluted to 1000 mL with water, no pH adjustment), 7 (500 mL, 0.1 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 296 mL 0.1 M sodium hydroxide diluted to 1000 mL with water, pH adjusted with 5 N hydrochloric acid) and 9 (500 mL 0.05 M boric acid and 213 mL sodium hydroxide diluted to 1000 mL with water, pH adjusted with 5 N hydrochloric acid). Buffers were sterilised by passing through a 0.2 mm filter.
Treated buffer solutions (250 mL) were prepared at a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L by addition to glycolic acid (25 mg). Individual portions of the treated solutions were transferred into borosilicate glass vials (24 mL) with screw caps that were gravity sterilised by autoclaving for 35 minutes. - Details on test conditions:
- The hydrolytic behaviour of glycolic acid (non-radiolabelled) was investigated in sterile aqueous buffer (pH 4, 7 and 9).
Treated buffer solutions (250 mL) were prepared at a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L by addition to glycolic acid (25 mg). Individual portions of the treated solutions were transferred into borosilicate glass vials (24 mL) with screw caps that were sterilised by autoclaving for 35 minutes. - Duration:
- 5 d
- pH:
- 4
- Temp.:
- 50 °C
- Initial conc. measured:
- 78.9 - 104.3 mg/L
- Duration:
- 5 d
- pH:
- 7
- Temp.:
- 50 °C
- Initial conc. measured:
- 77.6 - 96.9 mg/L
- Duration:
- 5 d
- pH:
- 9
- Temp.:
- 50 °C
- Initial conc. measured:
- 87.8 - 120.4 mg/L
- Number of replicates:
- 4
- Positive controls:
- no
- Negative controls:
- no
- Statistical methods:
- None reported.
- Preliminary study:
- A nominal concentration of 100 mg/L in aqueous buffer solution was used at a temperature of 50°C. Less than 10% hydrolysis of glycolic acid was observed after 5 days.
- Test performance:
- Measurements confirmed that temperature, pH and sterility of the treated buffer solutions were maintained over the duration of the study (i.e. 5 days).
- Transformation products:
- not measured
- Details on hydrolysis and appearance of transformation product(s):
- The amount of hydrolysis observed, at a temperature of 50°C, at each pH was less than 10% after 5 days which is equivalent to a half life of greater than one year at environmentally relevant temperatures (i.e. 25°C). Consequently glycolic acid is hydrolytically stable at environmentally relevant temperatures.
- % Recovery:
- 113
- St. dev.:
- 39
- pH:
- 4
- Temp.:
- 50 °C
- Duration:
- 5 d
- % Recovery:
- 94
- St. dev.:
- 12
- pH:
- 7
- Temp.:
- 50 °C
- Duration:
- 5 d
- % Recovery:
- 114
- St. dev.:
- 32
- pH:
- 9
- Temp.:
- 50 °C
- Duration:
- 5 d
- Key result
- Remarks on result:
- hydrolytically stable based on preliminary test
- Details on results:
- At pH 4, the glycolic acid concentration after 5days at 50°C was in the range 74.5 to 127.5 (mean 103.0 +- SD 20.9) mg/L, compared to 78.9 to 104.3 (mean 103.0 +- SD 20.9) mg/L at the start of the study.
At pH 7, the glycolic acid concentration after 5days at 50°C was in the range 68.0 to 81.3 (mean 78.6 +- SD 7.1) mg/L, compared to 77.6 to 96.9 (mean 83.7 +- SD 8.8) mg/L at the start of the study.
At pH 9, the glycolic acid concentration after 5days at 50°C was in the range 108.4 to 150.4 (mean 123.8 +- SD 15.1) mg/L, compared to 87.8 to 120.4 (mean 108.8 +- SD 14.4) mg/L at the start of the study. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Glycolic acid is stable to hydrolysis at pH 4, 7 and 9 with a half life of greater than 1 year at a temperature of 25°C.
- Executive summary:
The hydrolytic behaviour of glycolic acid was investigated in sterile aqueous buffer (pH 4, 7 and 9) according to the OECD 111 guideline. The GLP study was conducted in 2002.
In the preliminary study, conducted at a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L in aqueous buffer solution and at a temperature of 50°C, less than 10% hydrolysis of glycolic acid was observed after 5 days. As this corresponds to a half life of greater than 1 year at an environmentally relevant temperature (i.e. 25°) no further testing is necessary.
Glycolic acid is stable to hydrolysis at pH 4, 7 and 9 with an estimated half life of greater than 1 year at a temperature of 25°C.
Reference
The amount of glycolic acid present after 5 days was 113, 94 and 114% of the level determined after 0 days in buffer solutions at pH 4, 7 and 9, respectively.
Description of key information
Glycolic acid is stable to hydrolysis.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Glycolic acid is stable to hydrolysis at pH 4, 7 and 9 with a half life of greater than 1 year at a temperature of 25°C.
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