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EC number: 216-036-7 | CAS number: 1478-61-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 04 July 2017 to 10 January 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- The study was conducted in accordance with international guidelines and in accordance with GLP. All relevant validity criteria were met.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test (Carbon and Ammonium Oxidation))
- Version / remarks:
- July, 2010
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Refer to "principles of method if other than guidance"
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Guideline Deviation: The OECD Guideline 209 (July 22nd, 2010) recommends five replicates per test concentration and six replicates for the blank control in a full test with five concentrations. According to the Question-and-Answer Document by the German Federal Environment Agency on the new OECD Guideline 209 "Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test (Carbon and ammonium Oxidation)" (Version: 02.03.2012) a minimum preparation of a full test with five concentrations are three replicates per test concentration and six replicates for the blank control. In our test design we followed the recommendation of the German Federal Environment Agency and prepared three replicates for each test concentration and six replicates for the blank control.
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test item was added directly to the test vessels.
- Eluate: N/A
- Differential loading: 1000, 312.5, 97.65, 30.5 and 9.54 mg/L concentrations were used int he main test(3 replicates per test concentration)
- Controls: 6 control vessels were tested
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): N/A
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) or suspension(s) including control(s)): N/A
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): None observed - Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage
- Details on inoculum:
- Activated sludge from the municipal wastewater treatment plant Staufener Bucht was used as test system. The treatment plant has a capacity of 140 000 inhabitant equivalents and clarifies predominantly domestic wastewater. Sampling date of activated sludge was 18 July 2017 (range-finder test) and 17 October 2017 (full test). The activated sludge was kept aerated until use at test temperature. Dry solid of the activated sludge was determined as 3.7 g/L (limit test) and 4.0 g/L (full test) by weight measurements before and after drying at 105°C (mean of triplicate measurements). The activated sludge was washed twice by settling the sludge, decanting the supernatant and re-suspending the sludge in chlorine-free tap water. Before using, the activated sludge was diluted to 3 g/L dry solids with chlorine-free tap water, in order to obtain a final concentration of 1.5 g/L dry solids in the test.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- Standard guideline duration
- Post exposure observation period:
- Not applicable
- Test temperature:
- The temperature range within the test duration was between 20.9 and 21.9°C.
- pH:
- The pH in all test vessels at the beginning of the test vessels was 7.3.
The pH in the reference vessels was 7.3.
The pH in the blank vessels was 7.3. - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal Concentrations: 0, 9.54, 30.5, 97.65, 312.5 and 1000 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 - 300 ml BOD bottles with adapter for oxygen electrode, Germany
- Aeration: Yes
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): N/A
- No. of vessels per abiotic control (replicates): N/A
- Sludge concentration (weight of dry solids per volume): Before using, the activated sludge was diluted to 3 g/L dry solids with chlorine-free tap water, in order to obtain a final concentration of 1.5 g/L dry solids in the test.
- Nutrients provided for bacteria: Yes
- Nitrification inhibitor used (delete if not applicable): none
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Chlorine free tap water
- Particulate matter: Not reported
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: N/A
- Light intensity: Not reported
- Details on termination of incubation: After 3 h the aeration of the first vessel was shut off and the respiration rate was measured in a BOD-bottle with an oxygen electrode while mixing with a magnetic stirrer.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3.2
- Justification for using fewer concentrations than requested by guideline: Not applicable
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0, 10, 100 and 1,000 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 126.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of heterotrophic respiration
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CIL:
- Remarks:
- 36.372 - 427.057 mg/L)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 47.87 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of heterotrophic respiration
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL:
- Remarks:
- 16.646 - 137.663 mg/L)
- Details on results:
- - Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values:
No
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No
- Adsorption (e.g. of test material to the walls of the test container): Not assessed
- Blank controls oxygen uptake rate: >20 mg O2/g/h
- Coefficient of variation of oxygen uptake rate in control replicates: <30 % - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- In the full test the EC50 of 3,5-dichlorphenol was estimated as 6.2 mg/l (Appendix III) and was therefore within the acceptable range of 2 to 25 mg/l.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC50, EC10, LOEC and NOEC and confidence limits (CL) were estimted by ToxRat Professional Version 3.2.1, © ToxRat Solutions GmbH. The ECx calculation was performed with the ToxRat software by probit analysis using linear max. likelihood regression and calculated from the slope of the curve.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 3h EC50 for heterotrophic respiration was 126.8 mg/L (95%-CL: 36.372 - 427,057 mg/L). The 3h EC10 for heterotrophic respiration was 47.870 mg/L (95%-CL: 16.646 - 137.663 mg/L)
- Executive summary:
An OECD 209 Activated sludge inhibition test (2010) was conducted with the test item. This was to assess the inhibition effect of different concentrations of test item to micro-organisms of activated sludge by measuring the respiration rate after 3h contact time. The test met all guideline validity criteria.
The results for the inhibition of the total respiration of activated sludge were:
EC50= 126.8 mg/L (95%-CL: 36.372 – 427,057 mg/L)
EC10= 47.870 mg/L (95%-CL: 16.646 – 137.663 mg/L)
LOEC = 97.65 mg/L
NOEC≥30.5 mg/L
Reference
Respiration Rate of Activated Sludge after Application of Test and Reference Item in the Full Test
Vessel Number | Concentration | Consumption Rate [mg/(l*h)] | Consumption Rate [mg/g sludge*h)] | Inhibition [%] |
1 | Blank 1 | 42.7 | 28.5 | - |
2 | Blank 2 | 39.1 | 26.1 | - |
3 | Blank 3 | 29.8 | 19.8 | - |
22 | Blank 4 | 31.9 | 21.3 | - |
23 | Blank 5 | 19.7 | 13.1 | - |
24 | Blank 6 | 25.2 | 16.8 | - |
Mean value: 20.9 Standard deviation: 5.7 CoV: 27.3% | ||||
7 | Test 9.54 mg/L 1 | 19.2 | 12.8 | 39 |
8 | Test 9.54 mg/L 2 | 36.2 | 24.2 | -15 |
9 | Test 9.54 mg/L 3 | 45.8 | 30.6 | -46 |
10 | Test 30.5 mg/L 1 | 37.2 | 24.8 | -18 |
11 | Test 30.5 mg/L 2 | 33.1 | 22.1 | -5 |
12 | Test 30.5 mg/L 3 | 37.7 | 25.1 | -20 |
13 | Test 97.65 mg/L 1 | 21.6 | 14.4 | 31 |
14 | Test 97.65 mg/L 2 | 17.3 | 11.5 | 45 |
15 | Test 97.65 mg/L 3 | 20.2 | 13.4 | 36 |
16 | Test 312.5 mg/L 1 | 7.0 | 4.6 | 78 |
17 | Test 312.5 mg/L 2 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 87 |
18 | Test 312.5 mg/L 3 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 87 |
19 | Test 1000 mg/L 1 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 89 |
20 | Test 1000 mg/L 2 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 93 |
21 | Test 1000 mg/L 3 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 92 |
4 | Reference 1 | 23.3 | 15.5 | 26 |
5 | Reference 2 | 14.6 | 9.8 | 53 |
6 | Reference 3 | 7.4 | 5 | 76 |
Description of key information
3h EC50 = 126.8 mg/L; 3h EC10 = 47.87 mg/L; OECD 209; Anon., 2018
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 126.8 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 47.87 mg/L
Additional information
An OECD 209 Activated sludge inhibition test (2010) was conducted with the test item. This was to assess the inhibition effect of different concentrations of test item to micro-organisms of activated sludge by measuring the respiration rate after 3h contact time. The test met all guideline validity criteria.
The results for the inhibition of the total respiration of activated sludge were:
EC50= 126.8 mg/L (95%-CL: 36.372 – 427,057 mg/L)
EC10= 47.870 mg/L (95%-CL: 16.646 – 137.663 mg/L)
LOEC = 97.65 mg/L
NOEC = ≥30.5 mg/L
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