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EC number: 222-908-8 | CAS number: 3658-77-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Explosiveness
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- explosive properties of explosives
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- experimental dates: 2016-10-04 to 2018-03-12
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- The study was conducted according to internationally recognised methods, and under GLP, with no deviation. The substance is adequately characterised. Therefore full validation applies.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD Test Guideline 113 (Screening Test for Thermal Stability and Stability in Air)
- Version / remarks:
- 1981
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- UN Manual of Tests and Criteria: Part I: Classification procedures, test methods and criteria relating to explosives of Class 1
- Version / remarks:
- Rev. 6 (2015)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- inspected on 11 & 12 October 2016 / signed on 28 February 2017
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Storage condition of test material: Stored in unopened original sealed aluminium bag at room temperature (20 ± 5 °C) under nitrogen
- Parameter:
- other: DSC screening test
- Value:
- -950
- Remarks on result:
- other: J/g
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 1 (b): Koenen test
- Parameter:
- limiting diameter (mm)
- Value:
- 1
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Key result
- Test series:
- UN Test series 1
- Method:
- UN Test 1 (c) (i): Time/pressure test
- Parameter:
- other: pressure rise (kPa)
- Value:
- 500
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Key result
- Test series:
- other: UN Test series F
- Method:
- other: UN Test F.3 BAM Trauzl Test
- Parameter:
- other: expansion (mL/10g)
- Value:
- 5.3
- Result:
- result is considered "-" (negative)
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The substance is NOT classified as an explosive, according to UN Transport Regulation and GHS or CLP criteria.
- Executive summary:
First, the thermal stability of the substance was tested with Differential Scanning Calorimetry, in accordance with conditions recommended in UN MTC screening procedure/OECD 113 guideline.
Two DSC measurements in closed glass crucibles under nitrogen were performed up to a temperature of 500 °C.
An exothermic effect was detected in the temperature range of 220 – 400°C with maximum decomposition energy of -950 J/g.
As the result was above the threshold of -800 J/g, further tests for explosive properties had to be performed.
Then, UN test series 1 was conducted.
Koenen test (1b) was found negative, the tube was unchanged in three attempts with a 1.0 mm hole.
Time/pressure test (1c) was also negative, since the pressure rise did not reach the minimum target pressure of 690 kPa.
Trauzl test (F3) was negative, with a standardised expansion of 5.3 mL/10 g. Therefore, test 1a was not required.
Based on these results, the test substance is not accepted in class 1, i.e. not considered as an explosive.
Reference
Thermal stability (DSC)
In the temperature range of 70 – 100 °C an endothermic effect (attributed to melting, in test conditions) can be observed.
An exothermic effect was detected in the temperature range of 220 – 400 °C with maximum decomposition energy of -950 J/g.
Sample weight / mg |
Onset / °C |
Energy / J/g |
10.32 |
70 (endothermic) |
+160 |
8.42 |
70 (endothermic) |
+150 |
As the decomposition energy was above the threshold of -500 J/g and of -800 J/g, respectively, the main tests for explosive properties had to be performed.
Explosive Properties
Koenen-Test
Three tests with a 1.0 mm diameter orifice plate were performed.
No. |
Sample weight / g |
Diameter orifice plate / mm |
Reaction time t1 / s |
Reaction time t2 / s |
Reaction |
Appearance of tube |
1 |
23.00 |
1.0 |
40 |
> 300 |
t1: Flame |
Unchanged |
2 |
23.00 |
1.0 |
40 |
> 300 |
t1: Flame |
Unchanged |
3 |
23.05 |
1.0 |
40 |
> 300 |
t1: Flame |
Unchanged |
t1: time to
first reaction: flame
t2: time to main reaction: no reaction
Due to the fact that the test series with a1.0 mm diameter orifice plate showed no explosion, the UN-MTC Test 2(b) deemed to be “–“.
Time-Pressure Test
|
Test 1 |
Test 2 |
Test 3 |
Time [s] at 690 kPa |
Not reached |
Not reached |
Not reached |
Time [s] at 2070 kPa |
Not reached |
Not reached |
Not reached |
Time for pressure rise [s] |
-/- |
-/- |
-/- |
Due to the fact that the test item did not reach a pressure of 2070 kPa, the UN-MTC Test 1(c) and 2(c) deemed to be “– “.
Trauzl Test
One test with a test item mass of 6.96 g was carried out. Th evolume of the enlarged cavity is 4 ml. The normalization to 10 g of the test item results in an expansion of 5.3 ml per 10 g. Therefore the UN-MTC Test F.3 results to be “No”. Based on this, the UN-MTC Test 1(a) and 2(a) are deemed to be “– “.
Based on all test results, the test item has NO explosive properties.
Description of key information
DSC screening test: maximum decomposition energy = -950 J/g in the temperature range of 220 – 400 °C.
Koenen
tube, time/pressure and Trauzl tests negative.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Explosiveness:
- non explosive
Additional information
A fully reliable experimental study, conducted in accordance with conditions recommended in UN MTC procedures/OECD guideline, and under GLP, is available. It is considered as a key study, and the result is used for key data.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on oxygen balance higher than the threshold of -200 (OB = -163), and internal testing (quality not assignable) from the notifier showing exothermal reaction upon heating, the endpoint could not be waived.
The DSC screening test was therefore performed according to UN requirements. The energy of the exothermic decomposition of the test item was found above the thresholds of -500 and 800 J/g, meaning that explosive properties cannot be excluded.
For classification purpose according to UN Transport Regulation, and GHS or CLP Regulation, UN test series 1 was conducted:
Koenen test (1b) was found negative, the tube was unchanged in three attempts with a 1.0 mm hole.
Time/pressure test (1c) was also negative, since the pressure rise did not reach the minimum target pressure of 690 kPa.
Trauzl test (F3) was negative, with a standardised expansion of 5.3 mL/10 g. Therefore, test 1a was not required.
Based on these results, the test substance is not accepted in class 1, i.e. not considered as an explosive.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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