Benzene, (1-methylethyl)-, oxidized, cumene residues, acetophenone fraction

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: study documented in sufficient detail

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

A test of the equipotency of internal burdens of nine narcotic chemicals using Daphnia magna.

Author:

Pawlisz AV, Peters RH

Year:

1993

Bibliographic source:

Environ Sci Technol 27: 2801-2806

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Effects of sublethal exposure on lethal body burdens of narcotic organic chemicals in Daphnia magna.

Author:

Pawlisz AV, Peters RH

Year:

1995

Bibliographic source:

Environ Sci Technol 29: 613-621

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Excessive number of animals per concentration and per test volume. Mortality rather than immobility taken as endpoint.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Short-term LC50 test with Daphnia magna exposed to acetophenone for 48 h.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Acetophenone

EC Number:

202-708-7

EC Name:

Acetophenone

Cas Number:

98-86-2

Molecular formula:

C8H8O

IUPAC Name:

1-phenylethanone

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): acetophenone
- Substance type: aromatic ketone
- Physical state: liquid (mp: ca. 20°C)
- Analytical purity: >98%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): not reported

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: not reported
- Sampling method: Acetophenone (radiolabeled) concentration was checked by placing an aliquot of the test solution in a scintillation vial
with Ready Protein scintillation fluid, the measured radioactivity was divided by specfic activity to yield the chemical concentration in mmol/L.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: not reported

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: An aliquot of the chemical was introduced in a volumetric flask containing standard reconstituted water according to APHA 1989.
- Controls: 2 controls (test substance omitted) performed
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): not used
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): acetophenone is soluble in water (ws: ca. 6 g/L)

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna (parthenogenic female)
- Strain: not reported
- Source: Biology Department, McGill University 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1B1 Canada
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): not reported
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 0.4-3.3 mm
- Method of breeding: ca. 75 parthenogenic female were kept in glass beakers (1-L) containing standard reconsituted water acc. to APHA 1989
and under constant environmental conditions (photoperiod: 16 h light/8 h dark, temperature: 20°C). The animals were fed daily,
and each beaker received enough algal suspension to keep the culture water slightly green.
- Feeding during test: no

ACCLIMATION: not reported in respect to the determination of the LC50

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Test temperature:

23°C

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: eight 20-mL screw-top vials
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed (vials were closed with aluminium-lined screw caps
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: not reported, 20 mL, 2 mL, 18 mL
- Aeration: no
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): static test
- No. of organisms per vessel: 15
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 8
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): vehicle not used
- Biomass loading rate: 15 / 18 mL = 0.8 daphnia per mL test medium


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Standard reconstituted water acc. to APHA 1989
- Culture medium different from test medium: no

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: not reported
- Photoperiod: 16 h light/8h dark (conditions of the stock culture; for the test performance no deviations from these conditions reported)
- Light intensity: not reported

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): mortality

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: not reported
- Range finding study: not reported

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

528 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Details on results:

In a static test, a 48 h LC50=528 mg/L (4.4 mmol/L; nominal) was determined.

Any other information on results incl. tables

In a static test, a 48 h LC50=528 mg/L (4.4 mmol/L; nominal) was determined.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

Acetophenone shows a low acute toxicity towards Daphnia magna (48 h LC50=528 mg/L, nominal).