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EC number: 939-066-9 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- December 28, 1994
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Test method according to OECD 301 C. No data on GLP.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 4 wk
- Initial conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Based on:
- not specified
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- other: BOD (Indirect analysis)
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- test mat. analysis
- Remarks:
- (GC, direct analysis)
- Details on study design:
- Test equipment: Standard type.
- Reference substance:
- aniline
- Remarks:
- (100 mg/L)
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: BOD
- Value:
- 83
- Sampling time:
- 4 wk
- Remarks on result:
- other: (indirect analysis)
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- 100
- Sampling time:
- 4 wk
- Remarks on result:
- other: (GC, direct analysis)
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test item sodium stearate is determined to be readily biodegradable under test conditions.
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability test was performed by MITI according to OECD Guideline 301 C. The test was conducted for 4 weeks for 100 mg/L sodium stearate. The biodegradation was analysed by indirect analysis (BOD) 83%, and direct analysis (GC) 100%. The test substance sodium stearate was determined to be readily biodegradable.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- December 16, 1997
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Test method according to OECD 301 C. No data on GLP.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 4 wk
- Initial conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Based on:
- not specified
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- other: BOD (Indirect analysis)
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- test mat. analysis
- Remarks:
- (GC, direct analysis)
- Details on study design:
- Test equipment: Standard type.
- Reference substance:
- aniline
- Remarks:
- (100 mg/L)
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: BOD
- Value:
- 51
- Sampling time:
- 4 wk
- Remarks on result:
- other: (indirect analysis)
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- 73
- Sampling time:
- 4 wk
- Remarks on result:
- other: (GC, direct analysis)
- Details on results:
- In the indirect analysis (BOD) the results obtained were: 48, 56, 52% of degradation.
In the direct analysis (GC) the results obtained were: 67, 80, 73% of degradation - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test item docosanoic acid is determined to be readily biodegradable under test conditions.
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability test was performed by MITI according to OECD Guideline 301 C. The test was conducted for 4 weeks for 100 mg/L docosanoic acid. The biodegradation was analysed by indirect analysis (BOD) 51% (48, 56, 52%), and direct analysis (GC) 73% (67, 80, 73%). In a Inherent degradation test (test substance: 30 mg/L, activated sludge: 100 mg/L) for 4 weeks in the open system, the degradation was of 95% (GC, direct analysis). The test substance docosanoic acid was determined to be readily biodegradable.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No guideline was followed and no GLP.
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Principle of test: A ready biodegradability test was performed on sodium stearate.
- Short description of test conditions: Test item was exposed at concentrations of 3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/L to a synthetic sewage solution for 14 days. Microorganisms for seedings were prepared from activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant.
- Parameters analysed / observed: The degradation was monitored based on the total oxygen demand (TOD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) measurements. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Microorganisms for seedings were prepared from activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant, slime in a drainage channel, sediment in a river, and river water. A synthetic sewage solution was prepared by mixing 0.25g glucose, 0.25g pentose, 0.16mi corn steep liquor, 0.10g dipotassium hydrogenphosphate, and 0.25g sodium hydroxide in 1.0 liter water. The value of BOD 5 of this synthetic sewage was about 450 mg/l.
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: The concentrations of the seeded biomass were one third of the concentrations of the surfactants (1, 3, 10, 33 mgbiomass/L for BOD measurements and 33 mg biomass/L for TOC removal analysis). - Duration of test (contact time):
- 14 d
- Initial conc.:
- 3 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 30 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- other: BOD
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- other: TOD
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Four inorganic culture media were prepared by the JIS method:
A: K2HPO4:25.75g, KH2PO4:8.5g, Na2HPO4"I2H20:44.6g, NH4CI:I.7g
B: MgSO4-7H20:22.5g
C: CaC12:27.5g
D: FeC13-6H20:0.25g
300 ml of the sample solutions and 1 ml of each the inorganic media were put into culture flasks, and fixed amounts of the microorganisms were seeded into the solutions.
- Test temperature: 20.0±0.1°C
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: culture flasks
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 1
- Measuring equipment: Electrolytic respirometer (Coulometer by Okura Riken Co.) for BOD measurement. Their total oxygen demand (TOD) was measured by a TOD analyzer (Yuasa Ionics Co.).
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: BOD curves: 1, 2, 3, 5 and 14 days - Key result
- Parameter:
- other: BO5/TOD
- Value:
- > 0.5
- Sampling time:
- 5 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Values of BOD5/TOD were larger than 0.5 at every concentration tested
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Based on the degradation ratio at 5 days (BOD5/TOD) sodium stearate was biodegraded very easily at test conditions. The strength of the inhibition was quantitatively evaluated and sodium stearate did not inhibit biodegradation.
- Executive summary:
A ready biodegradability test was performed on sodium stearate. Test item was exposed at concentrations of 3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/L to a synthetic sewage solution for 14 days. Microorganisms for seedings were prepared from activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant. The degradation was monitored based on the total oxygen demand (TOD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) measurements. The variation of the degradation ratio at 5 days (BOD5/TOD) with concentration of the solutions showed that sodium stearate was biodegraded very easily, and the values of BOD5/TOD were larger than 0.5 at most of the concentrations. First order rate constants (h-1) for BOD increase at 100 mg/l surfactants for geometrical biodegradation period of sodium stearate was 8.8E-02. Moreover, the strength of the inhibition was quantitatively evaluated and sodium stearate did not inhibit biodegradation.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No guideline was followed and no GLP.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Principle of test: The Sturm test (Sturm, 1973) was performed. This method follows degradation processes through quantitative measures of the CO2, which is produced under suitable experimental conditions, during the microbial degradation of organic substances.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- preacclimated inoculum
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 21 d
- Details on study design:
- - Measuring equipment: The original apparatus proposed by Sturm was modified. The new device was a glass apparatus of 1.5 liter capability, connected to a single CO2 trap, which contains a 100-ml solution of Ba(OH)2. Air circulation was obtained by a peristaltic pump, while agitation of the mineral solution was provided by a magnetic stirrer. If it was necessary to withdraw microquantities of sample after the beginning of the test, a syringe may be utilized through. This may take place, for instance, when measures of organic carbon are necessary. For this purpose, after the pump has been stopped, a few milliliters of sample can be withdrawn and centrifuged at 1200 rpm for 10 min. After the analysis, the entire sample left has to be replaced in the reactor.
- Sampling frequency: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16, 19, 21 days - Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 95
- Sampling time:
- 21 d
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Stearic acid was degradable after an initial lag phase, reaching the “pass level” of biodegradation, corresponding to 60%, within 10 days. The % of biodegradability at 21 days was 95%.
- Executive summary:
A biodegradability Sturm test (Sturm 1973) was performed on stearic acid. Preacclimated inoculum was exposed to the test item for 21 days and the CO2 evolution was measured. The results obtained in the biodegradability determination of stearic acid showed that this compound was degradable after an initial lag phase, reaching the “pass level” of biodegradation, corresponding to 60%, within 10 days. The % of biodegradability at 21 days was 95%.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- documentation insufficient for assessment
- Remarks:
- No data on experimental method. No data on GLP.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No information available on test method.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- (No data on GLP)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- not specified
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 5 d
- Initial conc.:
- 1 068 mg/L
- Based on:
- COD
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- other: COD
- Parameter:
- other: COD
- Value:
- 35
- Sampling time:
- 3 h
- Parameter:
- other: COD
- Value:
- 97
- Sampling time:
- 1 d
- Parameter:
- other: COD
- Value:
- 99
- Sampling time:
- 2 d
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: COD
- Value:
- 100
- Sampling time:
- 5 d
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The biodegradation of the test substance ammonium proprionate was 100% (based on COD measurement) after 5 days inoculation under aerobic conditions.
- Executive summary:
The biodegradation of the test substance ammonium proprionate with an initial concentration of 1068 mg COD/L was determined to be 100% (based on COD measurement) after 5 days inoculation under aerobic conditions.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: screening tests
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Remarks:
- Internationally accepted method, EPI-Suite, EPA (USA)
- Justification for type of information:
- See attached the QMRF and QPRF for the QSAR model
- Guideline:
- other: REACH Guidance on QSARs R.6
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Howard, P.H., Boethling, R.S., Stiteler, W.M., Meylan, W.M., Hueber, A.E., Beauman, J.A., Larosche, M.E. 1992. Predictive model for aerobic biodegradability developed from a file of evaluated biodegradation data. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11:593-603.
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SMILES: N(H)(H)(H)(H)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
- Parameter:
- probability of ready biodegradability (QSAR/QSPR)
- Remarks on result:
- other: readily biodegradable based on QSAR/QSPR prediction
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The substances ammonium stearate is predicted to be readily biodegradable by EPI-Suite, EPA (USA) / BIOWIN v4.10 calculation method.
- Executive summary:
The substances ammonium stearate is predicted to be readily biodegradable by EPI-Suite, EPA (USA) / BIOWIN v4.10 calculation method.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: screening tests
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Remarks:
- Internationally accepted method, EPI-Suite, EPA (USA)
- Justification for type of information:
- See attached the QMRF and QPRF for the QSAR model
- Guideline:
- other: REACH Guidance on QSARs R.6
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Howard, P.H., Boethling, R.S., Stiteler, W.M., Meylan, W.M., Hueber, A.E., Beauman, J.A., Larosche, M.E. 1992. Predictive model for aerobic biodegradability developed from a file of evaluated biodegradation data. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11:593-603.
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SMILES: N(H)(H)(H)(H)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
- Parameter:
- probability of ready biodegradability (QSAR/QSPR)
- Remarks on result:
- other: readily biodegradable based on QSAR/QSPR prediction
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The substances ammonium palmitate is predicted to be readily biodegradable by EPI-Suite, EPA (USA) / BIOWIN v4.10 calculation method.
- Executive summary:
The substances ammonium palmitate is predicted to be readily biodegradable by EPI-Suite, EPA (USA) / BIOWIN v4.10 calculation method.
Referenceopen allclose all
Biodegradation results based on BOD measurements:
Vessel no. |
Sample description |
BOD (mg) |
|||
7th day |
14th day |
21th day |
28th day |
||
1 |
Water + test item |
0.0 |
0.7 |
1.0 |
1.4 |
2 |
Sludge + test item |
30.8 |
48.8 |
70.0 |
78.6 |
3 |
Sludge + test item |
28.8 |
50.5 |
72.5 |
80.0 |
4 |
Sludge + test item |
29.7 |
48.8 |
68.7 |
77.8 |
5 |
Control blank |
3.6 |
6.3 |
9.1 |
11.0 |
6 |
Sludge + analine |
65.8 |
73.9 |
77.9 |
80.6 |
Test substance: 100 mg/L
Reference substance (aniline): 100 mg/L
Activated sludge: 30 mg/L
Temperature: 25±1 ºC
Duration: 28 days.
Regular test.
Apparatus: CM-5
Biodegradation results based on BOD measurements:
Vessel no. |
Sample description |
BOD (mg) |
|||
7th day |
14th day |
21th day |
28th day |
||
1 |
Water + test item |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
2 |
Sludge + test item |
12.4 |
22.5 |
34.1 |
48.3 |
3 |
Sludge + test item |
18.9 |
32.3 |
45.0 |
55.6 |
4 |
Sludge + test item |
18.0 |
29.7 |
39.0 |
52.4 |
5 |
Control blank |
2.3 |
3.8 |
5.2 |
5.3 |
6 |
Sludge + analine |
61.4 |
70.5 |
71.8 |
72.0 |
Test substance: 100 mg/L
Reference substance (aniline): 100 mg/L
Activated sludge: 30 mg/L
Temperature: 25±1 ºC
Duration: 28 days.
Regular test.
Apparatus: CM-32
In a parallel inherent degradation test (test substance: 30 mg/L, activated sludge: 100 mg/L) during 4 weeks in an open system, the biodegradation of docosanoic acid was determined to be 95% (measured by GC).
Influence of concentration on biodegradation
Concentration |
Degradation ratio (BOD/TOD) |
||||
(mg/L) |
1 day |
2 day |
3 day |
5 day |
14 day |
3 |
0.11 |
0.55 |
0.67 |
0.85 |
1.04 |
10 |
0.07 |
0.53 |
0.67 |
0.85 |
1.02 |
30 |
0.08 |
0.53 |
0.67 |
0.85 |
1.05 |
100 |
0.08 |
0.42 |
0.59 |
0.70 |
1.00 |
These results showed that the microorganisms took a larger part of the surfactants as energy sources at lower concentrations. The variation of the degradation ratio at 5 days (BOD5/TOD) with concentration of the solutions showed that sodium stearate was biodegraded very easily, and the values of BOD5/TOD were larger than 0.5 at most of the concentrations. The degradation ratio was slightly smaller at 100 mg/l, because these fatty acid sodium salts formed insoluble salts with the inorganic culture media.
First order rate constants (h-1) for BOD increase a1 100 mg/l surfactants for geometrical biodegradation period of sodium stearate was 8.8E-02.
Inhibitory ratio of surfactants for biodegradation of a synthetic sewage:
Concentration |
Inhibitori ratio |
10 mg/L |
-0.14 |
Sodium stearate show negative values of In and do not inhibit biodegradation.
The results obtained in the biodegradability determination of stearic acid are reported and show that this compound is degradable after an initial lag phase, reaching the “pass level” of biodegradation, corresponding to 60%, within 10 days.
Days |
CO2 (mg) |
% Biodegradation |
1 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
5 |
9 |
5 |
14 |
24 |
7 |
21 |
36 |
9 |
31 |
33 |
12 |
40 |
69 |
14 |
44 |
76 |
16 |
48 |
83 |
19 |
52 |
90 |
21 |
55 |
95 |
The theoretical amount of initial CO2 was 58 mg. Indicated values were means of two experiments
The biodegradation of the test substance ammonium proprionate was 100% (based on COD measurement) after 5 days inoculation under aerobic conditions.
BIOWIN1 (Linear Model): 0.7124
BIOWIN2 (Non-Linear Model): 0.6390
Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
BIOWIN3 (Ultimate Survey Model): 2.8312 (weeks)
BIOWIN4 (Primary Survey Model): 3.6818 (days-weeks)
MITI Biodegradation Probability:
BIOWIN5 (MITI Linear Model): 0.5969
BIOWIN6 (MITI Non-Linear Model): 0.7246
Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
BIOWIN7 (Anaerobic Linear Model): 0.4169
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: YES
BIOWIN1 (Linear Model): 0.7258
BIOWIN2 (Non-Linear Model): 0.7250
Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
BIOWIN3 (Ultimate Survey Model): 2.8932 (weeks)
BIOWIN4 (Primary Survey Model): 3.7223 (days-weeks)
MITI Biodegradation Probability:
BIOWIN5 (MITI Linear Model): 0.5816
BIOWIN6 (MITI Non-Linear Model): 0.7147
Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
BIOWIN7 (Anaerobic Linear Model): 0.3649
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: YES
Description of key information
Weight of evidence: Based on the experimental results on the analogue substance, the weight of evidence approach was applied and the substance Fatty acids, C16-18 (even numbered), ammonium salts was determined to be ready biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
Weight of Evidence Approach (see rationale attached in IUCLID5 Section 13):
A ready biodegradability test was performed by MITI according to OECD Guideline 301 C on sodium stearate (4 weeks, 100 mg/L). The test substance was determined to be readily biodegradable since the biodegradation rate was 83% based on indirect analysis (BOD) and 100% based on direct analysis (GC).
A ready biodegradability test was performed by MITI according to OECD Guideline 301 C on docosanic acid (4 weeks, 100 mg/L). The biodegradation was analysed by indirect analysis (BOD) 51% (48, 56, 52%), and direct analysis (GC) 73% (67, 80, 73%). In a parallel inherent degradation test (test substance: 30 mg/L, activated sludge: 100 mg/L) for 4 weeks in an open system, the degradation was of 95% (GC, direct analysis). Based on these results, the test substance was determined to be readily biodegradable.
In a study reported by Urano et al. (1985) a readily biodegradable test was performed on sodium stearate exposing synthetic sewage solutions to 3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/L for 14 days. The variation of the degradation ratio at 5 days (BOD5/TOD) with concentration of the solutions showed that the test item was biodegraded very easily, and the values of BOD5/TOD were larger than 0.5 at most of the concentrations. Moreover, the strength of the inhibition was quantitatively evaluated and sodium stearate did not inhibit biodegradation.
A biodegradability Sturm test (Sturm 1973) was performed by Ruffo et al (1984) on stearic acid. Pre-acclimated inoculum was exposed to the test item for 21 days and the CO2 evolution was measured. Stearic acid was determined to be readily biodegradable, reaching the “pass level” of biodegradation, corresponding to 60%, within 10 days. The % of biodegradability at 21 days was 95%.
According to Verschueren 2009, the biodegradation of the test substance ammonium proprionate with an initial concentration of 1068 mg COD/L was determined to be 100% (based on COD measurement) after 5 days inoculation under aerobic conditions.
Moreover, a supporting ready biodegradation estimation was performed on ammonium stearate and ammonium palmitate, constituents of the substance Fatty acids, C16 -18 (even numbered) ammonium salts. Both substances were predicted to be readily biodegradable by EPI-Suite, EPA (USA) / BIOWIN v4.10 calculation method.
Based on the available information, the weight of evidence approach is applied and the substance Fatty acids, C16 -18 (even numbered), ammonium salts is determined to be ready biodegradable.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.