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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-512-4 | CAS number: 7601-90-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
The main toxic property of perchloric acid is its strong corrosivity as it is classified corrosive (classified as corrosive to the skin into category 1A according to the Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 and as C;R35 according to the Directive 67/548/EEC).
Perchloric acid is also classified STOT-RE category 2 because of effects on the thyroid. This classification is due to an analogy with ammonium perchlorate and more specifically with perchlorate moiety which is known to compete with iodide for uptake into the thyroid gland. Iodide is necessary to the maturation of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and this inhibition is triggering a compensation mechanism consisting in the increase in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Ultimately, if this competitive inhibition is overwhelming this compensation mechanism on a sufficient length of times it will lead to thyroid hypertrophy and hyperplasia which are considered as adverse effects. On the other hand, perchlorate is small very soluble molecule known to be rapidly excreted and not bioaccumulable. Epidemiological studies on workers from an ammonium perchlorate plant have shown, that despite high level of perchlorate in their serum, no adverse effects could be seen with chronic exposition.
In conclusion, despite the potential effect of perchloric acid on the thyroid, we consider that the local effects induced by its high corrosivity on the skin and the respiratory tract will occurred at levels where no adverse systemic effects are expected and thus the protection from perchloric acid corrosive effects will ensure protection from adverse systemic effects related to perchlorate.
As it is highly corrosive, protection from perchloric acid local effects will be performed by a qualitative risk assessment.
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 58 µg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 10
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 0.58 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- Corrected inhalatory NOAEC = Human Oral NOAEL x Average human weight / sRVhuman24h = 0.167 (mg/kg bw/day) x 70 (kg) / 20 (m3/person) = 0.58 mg/m3. The origin of the human NOAEL is an epidemiological study (Braverman et al., 2005) where the exposition is by inhalation but the NOAEL is extrapolated from serum perchlorate concentrations. Therefore, lung absorption rate is already included in this value.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Human study
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Human study
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Standard factor applied for general population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Appropriate completeness and adequacy of the database and confirmed by another study (Lamm et al., 1999)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- Not applicable
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 16.7 µg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 10
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 0.167 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- The origin of the human NOAEL is an epidemiological study (Braverman et al., 2005) where the exposition is by inhalation but the NOAEL is extrapolated from serum perchlorate concentrations. Therefore, despite the study being by inhalation route the results are expressed as a NOAEL. It is assumed that oral absorption is not superior to lung absorption.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Human study
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Human study
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Standard factor applied for general population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Appropriate completeness and adequacy of the database and confirmed by another study (Lamm et al., 1999)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- Not applicable
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - General Population
As there is no consumer use there is no general population direct exposition to perchloric acid and thus no risk assessment is to be performed. However, if released into the environment, perchloric acid is expected to be found as perchlorate moiety and DNEL for systemic long term exposition by inhalation and oral route have been derived based on thyroid potential effects of perchlorate in order to performed man via environment risk assessment.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.