2-ethylhexyl 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate

Repeated dose toxicity: dermal

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term repeated dose toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

data from handbook or collection of data

Justification for type of information:

REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH

1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH (ENDPOINT LEVEL)
Cetyl esters is a constituent of a broader group of cosmetic ingredients, the alkyl esters, which consist ofthe reaction products of fatty acids and alcohols. The 237 alkyl esters being reviewed in a safety assessment by The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel (Panel).
The ingredients in this review are alkyl esters. The substance of interest (2-ethylhexyl 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate) is a member of the category group.
The members have the same functions, similar metabolic pathways and similar hazardous profile.

2. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION (ENDPOINT LEVEL)
Data considered in the CIR safety assessment of the group of substances were judged as reliabile and adequate for the purpose of the REACH registration and to fill the gap information.

(i) A clear substance characterisation is available: in the category definition (Fiume MM. et al., 2015) a description of the category members is available in the category members are listed in a table. A general chemical structure of the members is also provided. That means the chemical identity of chemicals is sufficiently clear for a meaningful assessment of the proposed read-across. where necessary, the degree of purity is reported.
(ii) description of the substances: a clear and unambiguous description of each member of the category is submitted (Name, CAS and/or EC number and chemical structure for the source substance and for the target)
(iii) similarity (characteristics in common between substances): the members of the category are alkyl esters. The core relationship between these ingredients is a carboxyl ester functional group flanked on both sides by extended alkyl chains.
structural differences: some of these alkyl chains are saturated and some are unsaturated, and some of the chains are straight and some branched.
(iv) The study that was reported for is considered as adequate and reliable for the purpose of the
prediction based on read-across: the study results are adequate for the purpose of classification and labelling and risk assessment.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

review article or handbook

Title:

Safety Assessment of Alkyl Esters as Used in Cosmetics

Author:

Fiume MM. et al.

Year:

2015

Bibliographic source:

Int J Toxicol. 2015; 34(2 Suppl): 5S-69S.

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline available

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Isononyl 3,5,5 trimethylhexanoate

EC Number:

609-993-0

Cas Number:

42131-25-9

Molecular formula:

C18H36O2

IUPAC Name:

Isononyl 3,5,5 trimethylhexanoate

Test material form:

not specified

Details on test material:

- State of aggregation:
not specified
- Particle size distribution:
not specified
- Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD):
not specified
- Geometric standard deviation (GSD):
not specified
- Shape of particles:
not specified
- Surface area of particles:
not specified
- Crystal structure:
not specified
- Coating:
not specified
- Surface properties:
not specified
- Density:
not specified
- Moisture content:
not specified
- Residual solvent:
not specified
- Activation:
not specified
- Stabilisation:
not specified
- Other: not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material:
no data
- Expiration date of the lot/batch:
no data
- Purity test date:
no data

RADIOLABELLING INFORMATION (if applicable)
- Radiochemical purity:
not applicable
- Specific activity:
not applicable
- Locations of the label:
not applicable
- Expiration date of radiochemical substance:
not applicable

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material:
no data
- Stability under test conditions:
no data
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle:
no data
- Reactivity of the test substance with the solvent/vehicle of the cell culture medium:
no data

TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing:
no data
- Preliminary purification step (if any):
no data
- Final dilution of a dissolved solid, stock liquid or gel:
no data
- Final preparation of a solid:
-

FORM AS APPLIED IN THE TEST (if different from that of starting material)
: no data

TYPE OF BIOCIDE/PESTICIDE FORMULATION (if applicable)
not applicable

OTHER SPECIFICS:
- measurement of pH, osmolality, and precipitate in the culture medium to which the test chemical is added:
no data
- other information: The Cosmetic lngredient Review Expert Panel (Panel) assessed the safety of 237 alkyl esters for use in cosmetics.

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

not specified

Details on species / strain selection:

not specified

Sex:

not specified

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: not specified
- Females (if applicable) nulliparous and non-pregnant: [yes/no] not specified
- Age at study initiation: not specified
- Weight at study initiation: not specified
- Fasting period before study: not specified
- Housing: not specified
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): not specified
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): not specified
- Acclimation period: not specified

DETAILS OF FOOD AND WATER QUALITY: not specified

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): not specified
- Humidity (%): not specified
- Air changes (per hr): not specified
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): not specified

IN-LIFE DATES: From: To: not specified

Administration / exposure

Type of coverage:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on exposure:

2 weeks and 8 days

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

not specified

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

not specified

Duration of treatment / exposure:

2 weeks and 8 days

Frequency of treatment:

not specified

Doses / concentrations

Doses / concentrations 1

Dose / conc.:

300 mg/kg bw/day

Remarks:

administered for 2 weeks

Doses / concentrations 2

Dose / conc.:

860 mg/kg bw/day

Remarks:

administered for 8 days

No. of animals per sex per dose:

not specified

Control animals:

not specified

Details on study design:

not specified

Positive control:

not specified

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: No data
- Time schedule: No data
- Cage side observations checked in table [No.?] were included. No data

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: No data
- Time schedule: No data

DERMAL IRRITATION (if dermal study): No data
- Time schedule for examinations: No data

BODY WEIGHT: No data
- Time schedule for examinations: No data

FOOD CONSUMPTION:
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: No data

FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No data

WATER CONSUMPTION: No data
- Time schedule for examinations:

OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION:No data
- Time schedule for examinations:
- Dose groups that were examined:

HAEMATOLOGY: No data
- Time schedule for collection of blood:
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: Yes (identity) / No / No data
- Animals fasted: Yes / No / No data
- How many animals:
- Parameters checked in table [No.?] were examined.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY:No data
- Time schedule for collection of blood:
- Animals fasted: Yes / No / No data
- How many animals:
- Parameters checked in table [No.?] were examined.

URINALYSIS: No data
- Time schedule for collection of urine:
- Metabolism cages used for collection of urine: Yes / No / No data
- Animals fasted: Yes / No / No data
- Parameters checked in table [No.?] were examined.

NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No data
- Time schedule for examinations:
- Dose groups that were examined:
- Battery of functions tested: sensory activity / grip strength / motor activity / other:

OTHER: organs toxicity

Sacrifice and pathology:

No data

Other examinations:

No data

Statistics:

No data

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:

not specified

Dermal irritation:

not specified

Mortality:

not specified

Body weight and weight changes:

not specified

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

not specified

Food efficiency:

not specified

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

not specified

Ophthalmological findings:

not specified

Haematological findings:

not specified

Clinical biochemistry findings:

not specified

Urinalysis findings:

not specified

Behaviour (functional findings):

not specified

Immunological findings:

not specified

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

not specified

Gross pathological findings:

not specified

Neuropathological findings:

not specified

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

not specified

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

not specified

Other effects:

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

signs of organ toxicity

Details on results:

not specified

Effect levels

1

Dose descriptor:

dose level: administered for 2 weeks

Effect level:

300 mg/kg bw/day

Based on:

not specified

Sex:

not specified

Basis for effect level:

other: organ toxicity

2

Dose descriptor:

dose level: administered for 8 days

Effect level:

860 mg/kg bw/day

Based on:

not specified

Sex:

not specified

Basis for effect level:

other: organ toxicity

Target system / organ toxicity

1

Critical effects observed:

yes

Lowest effective dose / conc.:

300 mg/kg bw/day

Organ:

adrenal glands

liver

Treatment related:

yes

Dose response relationship:

not specified

Relevant for humans:

not specified

2

Critical effects observed:

yes

Lowest effective dose / conc.:

860 mg/kg bw/day

Organ:

adrenal glands

liver

Treatment related:

yes

Dose response relationship:

not specified

Relevant for humans:

not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

300 mg/kg/d (2 weeks) and 860 mg/kg/d (8 days) induced liver and adrenal gland toxicity in a dermal study in rats

Executive summary:

300 mg/kg/d (2 weeks) and 860 mg/kg/d (8 days) induced liver and adrenal gland toxicity in a dermal study in rats