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EC number: 204-524-2 | CAS number: 122-14-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 03 March 1987 to 07 March 1987
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 987
- Report date:
- 1987
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPP 122-2 (Algal Toxicity, Tiers I and II)
- Version / remarks:
- US.EPA-FIFRA, 40 CFR, Section 158.150
Guideline 122-2
(1982) - Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Fenitrothion
- EC Number:
- 204-524-2
- EC Name:
- Fenitrothion
- Cas Number:
- 122-14-5
- Molecular formula:
- C9H12NO5PS
- IUPAC Name:
- O,O-dimethyl O-3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- The Fenitrothion (Lot: 60553,) test material was received on February 18, 1987, in good condition. The sample upon receipt was observed to be a brown liquid and was stored at room temperature in the dark. The compound contained 94.6% active ingredient, Test concentrations were based on active ingredient. The compound purity 94.5%. All standard weights and dilutions used in the preparation of test concentrations were recorded.
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Analysis of algae nutrient medium samples for Fenitrothion were taken at 0- and 96-hours o ." During the conduct of the study , aliquots of the test medium wer e collected below the sur f ace using a glass pipet .
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- acetone
- Details on test solutions:
- The 4.0 mg/l nominal working standard was prepared by injecting an appropriate ·aliquot of a stock solution (prepared in acetone) into the sterile medium. The standard was agitated for 10-15 minutes using a magnetic stirring apparatus before preparing the test concentrations. The solvent control received an aliquot of acetone equivalent to the solvent concentration of the 4.0 mg/l nominal concentra tion. Each treatment level and the controls were prepared in triplicate using 100 ml of the appropriate concentration for each test vessel. Each test flask received 1.0 ml of algal inoculum containing approx\mately 1.0 X 10^6 cells/ml resulting in approximately 1.0 X 10^4 cells/ml for each flask. Actual initial cell count of control flasks resulted in a mean cell count of 1.0 X 10^4 cells/ml.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Selenastrum sp.
- Details on test organisms:
- Selenastrum capricornutum (same as Peudokirchneriella subcapitata)
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 23-24°C
- pH:
- initial 7.5
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations for the definitive study were a geometric series of 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l. The mean measured concentrations were:0.24, 0.61, 0.92, 1.9 and 4.8 mg/L.
- Details on test conditions:
- Following preparation, the test vessels were positioned in a random fashion and incubated for 96 hours at 24 ±1 °C under continuous "cool-white" fluorescent light and constant shaking. Light intensity was maintained at 400 ±10% ft-c and shaker speed was 100 rpm. Temperature and light intensity were monitored throughout the study
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.61 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.61 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Details on results:
- A significant inhibition effect (a•0.05)on growth for the 0.92, 1.9 and 4.8 mg/l mean measured test concentrations of Fenitrothion to Selenastrum capricornutum, as compared to the control after 96 hours. In addition it was observed that all of the significantly affected concentrations had algae populations exhibiting cell deformation after 96 hours . This effect was manifested by the cells having a "bloated" appearance as compared to the normal cell morphology. This adverse effect was first noted at 48 hours in the 1.9 and 4.8 mean measured concentrations. Cell deformation increased with increasing concentration over time in the affected levels .
The calculated EC50 96-hour EC 1.3 mg/L and 72 hrs EC50 1.2 mg/L. The NOEC value determined to be 0.61 mg/L for 72 and 96 hrs
Any other information on results incl. tables
Mean measured concentrations (Nominal concentrations) (mg/l) |
Mean Cell Counts (cells/mL/104) |
||||
0-hour |
24-hours |
48-hours |
72-hours |
96-hours |
|
Control |
1.0 |
2.9 |
5.5 |
30 |
100 |
Solvent control |
|
2.7 |
6.0 |
32 |
100 |
0.24 (0.25) |
|
2.6 |
5.3 |
34 |
99 |
0.61 (0.50) |
|
2.7 |
5.2 |
24 |
110 |
0.92 (1.0) |
|
2.6 |
5.1 |
20* |
68* |
1.9 (2.0) |
|
2.5 |
4.0* |
5.2* |
23* |
4.8 (4.0) |
|
1.0* |
1.1* |
2.6* |
3.6* |
*: Denotes a significant (a=0.05) inhibition effect from control
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- 72hr-EC50 1.2mg/l, 72hr-NOEC 0.61mg/l ( OECD)
96hr-EC50 1.3mg/l, 96hr-NOEC 0.61mg/l ( US EPA OPP) - Executive summary:
96-hour static acute algae study with Fenitrothion was success fully completed on March 7, 1987. The five nominal concentrations of Fenitrothion which ranged from 0.25 to 4.0 mg/l were selected from the results of range-finding tests. Selenastrum capricornutum was exposed to the test material at mean concentrations of 0,0.24, 0.61, 0.92, 1.9, and 4.8 mg/L for 96 hours. Cell counts were conducted at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours for each concentration. Initial cell counts were performed only on control replicates. All EC50 calculations used the mean measured concentrations of Fenitrothion.
The growth data were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA ) and multiple means test (Dunnett's Test), which indicated a significant inhibition effect (α = 0.05) on growth for the 0.92, 1.9 and 4.8 mg/l mean measured test concentrations of Fenitrothion to Selenastrum capricornutum, as compared to the control after 72 and 96 hours. In addition it was observed that all of the significantly affected concentrations had algae populations exhibiting cell deformation after 96 hours . This effect was manifested by the cells having a "bloated" appearance as compared to the normal cell morphology. This adverse effect was first noted at 48 hours in the 1.9 and 4.8 mean measured concentrations. Cell deformation increased with increasing concentration over time in the affected levels.
Validity: Log phase growth was confirmed at 72-hours with a mean count of 3.0 X 10^5 cells/mL- in the control, which was a 30X increase from the initial 1.0 X 10^4 cells/ml. At 96-hours with a mean count of 1.0 X 10^6 cells/mL- in the control, which was a 100X increase from the initial 1.0 X 10^4 cells/ml. The growth data were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA ) and multiple means test (Dunnett's Test), which indicated a significant inhibition effect (α = 0.05) on growth for the 0.92, 1.9 and 4.8 mg/l mean measured test concentrations of Fenitrothion to Selenastrum capricornutum, as compared to the control after 72 and 96 hours. In addition it was observed that all of the significantly affected concentrations had algae populations exhibiting cell deformation after 96 hours. The calculated EC50 values at 72 hr for Fenitrothion was (based on cell counts), was 1.2 mg/L.
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