Barium chromate

Toxicity to reproduction

Administrative data

Endpoint:

reproductive toxicity, other

Remarks:

various

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The EU RAR summarises the results of a number of studies of largely non-standard design and variable reliability. The findings of these studies are, however, consistent with each other.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

review article or handbook

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2005

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The EU RAR summarises the findings of a number of studies designed to investigate the effects of potassium dichromate on the fertility of male and/or female mice following administration in drinking water.

GLP compliance:

yes

Remarks:

one study

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Chromium

EC Number:

231-157-5

EC Name:

Chromium

Cas Number:

7440-47-3

Molecular formula:

Cr

IUPAC Name:

chromium

Test animals

Species:

mouse

Strain:

other: various

Sex:

male/female

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: drinking water

Vehicle:

water

Details on mating procedure:

Various

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

yes

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Various

Frequency of treatment:

Various

Details on study schedule:

Various

No. of animals per sex per dose:

Various

Results and discussion

Results: P0 (first parental generation)

General toxicity (P0)

Clinical signs:

not specified

Reproductive function / performance (P0)

Reproductive function: oestrous cycle:

not specified

Effect levels (P0)

Dose descriptor:

other: reprotoxic effect

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: positive

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Remarks:

based on summaries of studies

Results: P1 (second parental generation)

General toxicity (P1)

Clinical signs:

not specified

Reproductive function / performance (P1)

Reproductive function: oestrous cycle:

not specified

Effect levels (P1)

Dose descriptor:

other: summary of studies

Basis for effect level:

other: positive

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Remarks:

based on summaries of studies

Results: F1 generation

Developmental neurotoxicity (F1)

Behaviour (functional findings):

not specified

Developmental immunotoxicity (F1)

Developmental immunotoxicity:

not specified

Effect levels (F1)

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Remarks:

summary of studies

Results: F2 generation

General toxicity (F2)

Clinical signs:

not specified

Developmental neurotoxicity (F2)

Behaviour (functional findings):

not specified

Overall reproductive toxicity

Reproductive effects observed:

not specified

Treatment related:

not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

Adverse effects were produced in mice receiving potassium dichromate for 12 weeks in drinking water at 333 mg/kg bw/d (120 mg Cr(VI)/kg bw/d) and 400 mg/kg bw/day (140 mg Cr(VI)/kg bw/d) and above in males and females respectively. An increase in resorptions following treatment of males and a decrease in implantations in treated females were among the findings in this study. In another study, pregestational oral administration of potassium dichromate in drinking water to female mice produced adverse effects on fertility (reduced number of corpora lutea and increased pre-implantation loss) at 500 ppm (119 mg/kg bw/d (40 mg Cr(VI)/kg bw/d)) and above. In a third study, also in the mouse, at 86 mg/kg bw/d (30 mg Cr(VI)/kg bw/d), the highest dose level tested, there were no effects of treatment on fertility parameters.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The available data show that potassium dichromate, administered in the drinking water, has adverse effects on reproduction in the mouse.

Executive summary:

The results of studies performed using the administration of potassium dichromate in drinking water show adverse effects on the fertility of male and female mice. Based on the comparable toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of the water-soluble hexavalent chromium compounds; similar toxicity can be assumed for all of the compounds in this group.