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EC number: 215-133-1 | CAS number: 1304-56-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study is part of a greater project and the methods used are well established. The study addresses the endpoints properly.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Exposure of Beagle dogs to BeO by inhalation with sacrifice of dogs after 8, 32, 64, 180 or 365 days for evaluation of beryllium tissue burden and histopathological analysis.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- other: No specific test type: Inhalation of BeO
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- IUPAC Name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- Details on test material:
- Radiolabeled BeO was used in the experiments (7BeO). Aqueous 7Be(OH2) was nebulized to generate 7BeO. The corresponding BeO particles were calcined at 500 or 1000 °C. The particles were resuspended in water to 10 mg/ml, nebulized, and passed through a tube furnace (150 °C) and diluted with air.
BeO calcined at either 500 or 1000C
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- dog
- Strain:
- other: Beagle
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Animals ranged in age from 20-61 months and weighed from 6.2 to 12.2 kg. Animals were housed in indoor-outdoor kennel runs and observed daily. Water was available ad libitum, food available 350 gr/day.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: aerosol
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- nose only
- Vehicle:
- other: unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- The dogs were exposed to aerosolized BeO for 5-40 minutes until they achieved a lung burden of either 17 or 50 μg/kg bodyweight. The mean aerosol concentration was 28+/-9 μg BeO/ L.
- Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- BeO aerosols sampled by cascade impactors, filters, real-time aerosol monitor. Particle size, mass concentration, and morphology was assessed using an electrostatic precipitator
- Duration of exposure:
- > 5 - < 40 min
- Concentrations:
- Aerosol concentration of 28+/-9 μg BeO/ L.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Four animals in each group.
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- Beagle dogs were exposed to BeO calcined at either 500 or 1000 °C to achieve a final lung burden of either 17 or 50 ug/kg bodyweight. Animals (2) were sacrificed at the following timepoints: 8, 32, 64, 180, 365 days. Lung lavage was performed after 3, 6, 7, 11, 15, 18, and 22 months to determine lung immune response.
- Statistics:
- Data were analyzed descriptively rather than statistically.
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- other: Concentration where an effect was seen in animals
- Effect level:
- ca. 28 other: μg BeO/l
- Remarks on result:
- other: No mortality was observed
- Mortality:
- None reported
- Clinical signs:
- other: None reported
- Body weight:
- No changes reported
- Gross pathology:
- No gross changes reported
- Other findings:
- -Lung lesions: perivascular and peribronchiolar infiltrates of lymphocytes and macrophages that progressed to microgranulomas accompanied by patchy granulomatous pneumonia.
-Lymphocyte numbers increased in exposed animals for 3 months following exposure
-BeO calcined at 500 °C was cleared more rapidly from the lung than BeO calcined at 1000 °C
-The effects were also more severe with BeO calcined at 500 °C
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not classified
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
- Conclusions:
- Dogs exposed to BeO by inhalation develop granulomatous lung lesions and increased number of lung lymphocytes. BeO calcined at 1000 °C is retained in the lung longer than BeO calcined at 500 °C.
- Executive summary:
Beagle dogs were exposed to BeO calcinated at either 500 or 1000 °C by inhalation. The exposure period was between 5 and 40 minutes to achieve lung burdens of either 17 or 50 μg/kg bodyweight. Animals were sacrificed at 8, 32, 64, 180, or 365 days to determine BeO tissue burdens and histopathological examination. Animals were also subject to bronchoalveolar lavage after 3, 6, 7, 11, 15, 18, and 22 months to determine lung immune response.
In exposed animals there was an increase of granulomatous lung lesions and increase in lung lymphocytes. There was an effect of calcination temperature with BeO calcined at 500 °C producing more severe lung lesions. BeO calcined at 500 °C was also more rapidly cleared from the lung than BeO calcined at 1000 °C.
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