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EC number: 200-662-2 | CAS number: 67-64-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Dermal absorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- dermal absorption in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Study meets generally accepted scientific principles; publication in Japanese language, evaluation based on information in English language available from summary and figures in the original publication and from secondary literature; as a consequence information on test conditions is limited; study acceptable for weight of evidence approach
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- On the cutaneous absorption of acetone (In Japanese)
- Author:
- Fukabori S, Nakaaki K, Tada O
- Year:
- 1 979
- Bibliographic source:
- J Sci Labour 55: 525-532
- Reference Type:
- other: Collection of data for toxicological assessment
- Title:
- Toxicological profile for acetone
- Author:
- ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry)
- Year:
- 1 994
- Bibliographic source:
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, May 1994, p. 1-276
- Reference Type:
- other: Collection of data for toxicological assessment
- Title:
- Environmental Health Criteria for Acetone
- Author:
- WHO
- Year:
- 1 998
- Bibliographic source:
- Environmental Health Criteria 207: 1-159
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Dermal absorption of acetone was studied in human volunteers after exposure by acetone-soaked cotton swabs, monitoring of acetone concentration in blood, alveolar air and urine
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Acetone
- EC Number:
- 200-662-2
- EC Name:
- Acetone
- Cas Number:
- 67-64-1
- Molecular formula:
- C3H6O
- IUPAC Name:
- propan-2-one
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- human
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- open
- Duration of exposure:
- (A) 2 hrs/day for 4 consecutive days: exposures were from 10 a.m. to 12. a.m.
(B) 4 hrs/day for 4 consecutive days: exposures were from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. - Doses:
- not specified
- No. of animals per group:
- Not specified
- Details on study design:
- APPLICATION OF DOSE: via cotton swabs soaked in acetone
TEST SITE
- Preparation of test site: no data
- Area of exposure: 12.5 cm2
- % coverage: no data
- Type of cover / wrap if used: none
SITE PROTECTION: no
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Removal of application device: cotton swabs were removed
- Washing procedures and type of cleansing agent: no
- Time after start of exposure: 2 or 4 hrs
SAMPLE COLLECTION ((no further details available from information in English language)
- Collection of blood: daily before start of exposure and after termination of exposure
- Collection of urine: daily before start of exposure, after 1 and 3 hrs of exposure, and at 2, 4, 8, and 15 hrs post-exposure, and 2, 8, 15, 21, 23, 26, and 36 hrs after the last exposure
- Collection of alveolar air: daily before start of exposure, every hour during exposure and 10 hrs post-exposure (every hour from 10 a.m. to 0 a.m.), and at 20, 23, 26, 31, and 41 hrs following the last application
Results and discussion
- Absorption in different matrices:
- - Blood: rapid absorption with peak levels at termination of each application
- Urine: peak levels within 1 and 2 hr after termination of the daily 2- or 4-hr exposure
Percutaneous absorption
- Remarks on result:
- other:
Any other information on results incl. tables
From the alveolar air and urine concentrations, it was estimated that a 2 -hr dermal exposure was equivalent to 2-hr inhalation exposure to 120 -355 mg/m3(50 -150 ppm), and a 4 -hr dermal exposure was equivalent to a 2 -hr inhalation exposure to 590 -1,190 mg/m3(250 -500 ppm).
Table 1: Blood levels (µg/mL) resulting from dermal application of acetone (estimated from graphic representation)
Application |
1st day |
2nd day |
3rd day |
4th day |
||||
Sampling time point |
before |
aftera |
before |
after a |
before |
after a |
before |
after a |
2 hr exposure |
1 |
4 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
12 |
1 |
9 |
4 hr exposure |
1 |
26 |
1 |
31 |
1 |
29 |
1 |
44 |
a sampling timepoint not specified
Table 2: Alveolar air levels (ppm) during and after dermal application of acetone (estimated from graphic representation)
Application |
1st |
2nd |
3rd |
4 th |
||||||||||||
Sampling timepoint |
b.a. |
term |
4 p.a. |
7 p.a. |
10 p.a. |
b.a. |
term |
10 p.a. |
b.a. |
term |
10 p.a. |
b.a. |
term |
10 p.a. |
20 p.a. |
38 p.a. |
2 hr exposure |
< 1 |
5 |
2.5 |
2 |
1 |
< 1 |
5 |
< 1 |
< 1 |
12 |
2 |
< 1 |
10 |
1 |
< 1 |
< 1 |
4hr exposure |
< 1 |
27 |
16 |
10 |
5 |
< 1 |
30 |
5 |
< 1 |
25 |
3 |
< 1 |
34 |
5 |
< 1 |
< 1 |
b.a.: before application; term.: at termination of application; p.a.: hrs post application
Table 3: Urine concentrations (µg/mL) during and after dermal application of acetone(estimated from graphic representation)
A: 2 hr exposure
Application |
1st |
2nd |
3rd |
4 th |
||||||||||||||||
Sampling timepoint |
b.a. |
1 e |
1 p.a. |
3 p.a. |
13 p.a. |
1 e |
1 p.a. |
3 p.a. |
13 p.a. |
1 e |
1 p.a. |
3 p.a. |
6 p.a. |
13 p.a. |
1 e |
1 p.a. |
3 p.a. |
6 p.a. |
13 p.a. |
25 p.a. |
Urine conc. |
< 2 |
3 |
8 |
5 |
< 1 |
3 |
11 |
6 |
< 1 |
5 |
11 |
8 |
10 |
4 |
6 |
13 |
9 |
12 |
2 |
< 1 |
B: 4 hr exposure
Application |
1st |
2nd |
3rd |
4th |
|||||||||||||
Sampling timepoint |
b.a. |
1 e |
3 e |
2 p.a. |
4 p.a. |
8 p.a. |
15 p.a. |
3 e |
2 p.a. |
15 p.a. |
3 e |
2 p.a. |
15 p.a. |
3 e |
2 p.a. |
15 p.a. |
21p.a. |
urine conc. |
< 1 |
6 |
22 |
38 |
37 |
9 |
6 |
22 |
29 |
4 |
23 |
40 |
2 |
22 |
29 |
5 |
< 1 |
Sampling timepoints: b.a.: before application; e: hrs of duration of exposure; p.a.: hrs post application
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In human volunteers acetone is rapidly absorbed during dermal application with peak blood levels occurring at the termination of each application.
Excretion occurs via expired air and via urine. - Executive summary:
Dermal absorption was investigated in human volunteers after exposure of a 12.5 cm2 area of skin to acetone by uncovered application of cotton swabs soaked in acetone (dose not specified: rough estimation of doses of about 6 and 20 mg/kg bw/d for 2 and 4 hrs of exposure). Repeated exposure was for 2 hrs or 4 hrs daily for 4 consecutive days, and acetone concentrations in blood, alveolar air and urine were measured. From the available information in English language no details are available on test conditions. The authors noted that it was not possible to completely prevent a low exposure by inhalation (0.95 -1.4 mg/m3corresponding to 0.4 -0.6 ppm in the breathing zone).
Acetone was rapidly absorbed during dermal application as indicated by peak blood and alveolar air levels occurring at the termination of exposure, and peak urine levels occurring within 1 and 2 hr after termination of the daily 2- or 4-hr exposure, respectively. Generally, levels in blood, alveolar air and urine were more than doubled when extending the duration of exposure from 2 hrs to 4 hrs. Levels in blood returned to background before start of the next exposure. Alveolar air and urine levels reached background level before the next 2-hr exposure started. For the 4 hr-exposure, alveolar air and urine levels were still slighty elevated when the next treatment started. However, about 20 hrs after the last exposure, exhalation and urinary excretion were principally at the background level.
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