Monopentaerythritol tetraesters and dipentaerythritol hexaesters of 2-ethylhexanoic and n-valeric acids

Basic toxicokinetics

Administrative data

Endpoint:

basic toxicokinetics in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

secondary literature

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Lipid Emulsions in Parenteral Nutrition

Author:

Adolph, M.

Year:

1999

Bibliographic source:

Ann Nutr Metab 43:1–13

Materials and methods

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

fatty acids

EC Number:

614-045-4

IUPAC Name:

fatty acids

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

Lipids are not only structural building blocks of cells and tissues but at the same time suppliers of C atoms for a number of biosynthetic pathways as well as carriers of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. In addition, fatty acids are precursors of prostaglandins and other eicosanoids and therefore have important metabolic functions.

Fatty acids can be divided into three groups, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Each class of fatty acids has a preferential specific role.

- Saturated fatty acids (medium or long-chain) are more devoted to energy supply, but one should not forget their specific structural role.

- The polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n–3 and n–6 families have very important structural and functional roles and ideally should not be utilized for energy purposes.

 

Table 1:

Role of different classes of fatty acids

Fatty acids	Energy	Structure	Function
Medium-chain saturated fatty acids	+++	0	0
Long-chain fatty acids
Saturated	++	++	(+)
Monounsaturated	++	++	(+)
Polyunsaturated
Linoleic or n-6 family	0	+++	+++
Linolenic or n-3 family	0	+++	+++

 0, +, ++, +++ : Emphasis of contribution, increasing in rank order