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EC number: 202-818-5 | CAS number: 100-09-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Chemical was used from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: concentrations of the resultant solutions were checked
- Sampling method: sampling at test start and test end (48 h) - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: highest test item concentration (stock solution) was establihed by dissolving appropriate test compound in the aerated test medium; following dilution series was performed by dilution of this stock solution
- Controls: yes, medium - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain/clone: Daphnia magna
- Source: National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Japan
- Age of parental stock: 2–3-week-old mothers
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: at 21 ± 0.3 °C, in dechlorinated and conditioned tap water (total hardness ca.100 mg/L as CaCO3; pH 7.5 ± 0.1), photoperiod: 16 h light: 8 h dark; density: below 20 per beaker; medium was renewed three times a weak
- Acclimation conditions: same as test
- Food type: Selenastrum capricornutum NIES-35
- Amount: 3.0 – 3.5 x 10E+08 cells/L
- Frequency: daily
METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES: Neonates (<24 h old) - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- ca.100 mg CaCO3 /L
- Test temperature:
- 21 ± 0.3 °C
- pH:
- 7.45 ± 0.05
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 304.3 to 1825.8 mg/L (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
Test vessel:
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 50 mL glass beaker; 40 mL test solution; 10 mL headspace
- Age of test organisms: Neonates (<24 h old)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Test medium used was ‘‘moderately hard water’’ prepared from deionized and distilled water (total hardness, ca.100 mg CaCO3/L; USEPA, 1993)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: yes, where necessary with 1 mol /L NaOH solution to pH 7.45 ± 0.05
- Photoperiod: 16 h light . 8 h dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Immobility (showing no movement within 15 s after gentle stirring were defined to be immobile) was recorded after 24 h and 48 h.
RANGE-FINDING STUDY: no range-finding test was performed - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 943 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Using Probit amalyses (USEPA, 1993); The relationship between the toxicity and the physicochemical and/or structural descriptors was analyzed by least-square regression using JMP 5.0 J software (SAS Institute Inc., USA). Log (EC50, in mol/L) was taken as the dependent variable, while the structural and/or physicochemical descriptors were used as the independent variables. The following descriptive information was provided: n (number of observations used in analysis), r2 (square of the correlation coefficient adjusted for degrees of freedom), s (the root of the mean square for error), F (the Fisher statistic), p (the significance level).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
Reference
Analytical Results:
No significant spectral changes in most test solutions were observed, indicating the stability of these compounds under the test conditions.
Description of key information
EC50 (48 h) = 943 mg/L (publication, Daphnia magna, nominal)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 943 mg/L
Additional information
The acute toxicity of the test item to aquatic invertebrates was investigated in a study by Kamaya et al. (2005). Daphnia magna was exposed for 48 hours to the test material at nominal concentrations of 2 mmol/L (304.3 mg/L) to 12 mmol/L (1825.8 mg/L). Samples from all concentrations and the control was checked before and after (48 h) exposure experiments by the UV spectra (400–200 nm). The EC50 (48 h) was determined at 943 mg/L.
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