[No public or meaningful name is available]

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Skin irritation (OECD 439): not irritating

Eye irritation (OECD 437): not irritating

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

25 Oct - 04 Nov 2016

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)

Version / remarks:

adopted 28 Jul 2015

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)

Version / remarks:

Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008, 1st ATP 2009

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test system:

human skin model

Source species:

human

Cell type:

non-transformed keratinocytes

Cell source:

other: EpiDerm™ (EPI-200)

Source strain:

other: human

Details on animal used as source of test system:

SOURCE ANIMAL
- Source: Human
- Tissue: normal epidermal keratinocytes

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on test system:

RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: EpiDerm™ (EPI-200) (MatTek Corporation, Bratislava, Slovakia)
- Tissue batch number: 23372
- Delivery date: 01 Nov 2016
- Date of initiation of testing: 01 Nov 2016

EPIDERM™ QUALITY CRITERIA
- Air bubbles between agarose and insert were not >30% of the total surface
- Liquid on top of the insert was removed with sterile cotton tips
- If moisture was observed on top of the inserts after the pre-incubation or in case of visible defects the respective skin models were discarded.

TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: 37 ± 1.5 °C for 35 min in the incubator; thereafter at room temperature for 25 min in a sterile bench
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation: 37 ± 1.5 °C for 42 h

REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
-Volume and number of washing steps: Tissues were gently rinsed with DPBS at least 15 times in order to remove any residual test material. After the rinsing the inserts were submerged in DPBS at least 3 times. Afterwards the inserts were once again rinsed with DPBS from the inside and the outside.

MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration: 1 mg/mL
- Incubation time: 3 h
- Spectrophotometer: microplate reader (Versamax, Molecular Devices, Softmax Pro v.4.7.1)
- Wavelength: 570 nm

FUNCTIONAL MODEL CONDITIONS WITH REFERENCE TO HISTORICAL DATA
- Viability: The quality of the EpiDerm tissue was assessed by undertaking an MTT cell viability test. The determined OD (540 - 570 nm) was 1.587 ± 0.089 (acceptance criteria: 1.0 - 3.0).
- Barrier function: The barrier function was assessed by determination of the exposure time required to reduce tissue viability by 50% (ET-50) upon application of 100 µL of 1% Triton X-100. The ET-50 value was determined to be 6.25 h (acceptance criteria: 4.77-8.72 h).
- Contamination: The cells used to produce the EpiDerm tissue were screened for the presence of viruses, bacteria, yeast and other fungi.

NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES: 3

CONTROL TISSUES USED IN CASE OF MTT DIRECT INTERFERENCE
Since the test substance did not show color interference 1h after incubation in deionised water, an additional test with freeze-killed tissues was not performed.

NUMBER OF INDEPENDENT TEST SEQUENCES / EXPERIMENTS TO DERIVE FINAL PREDICTION: single experiment

PREDICTION MODEL / DECISION CRITERIA (choose relevant statement)
- The test substance is considered to be irritant to skin (Cat 2) if the viability after 1 hour exposure is less than 50%.

Control samples:

yes, concurrent negative control

yes, concurrent positive control

Amount/concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 30 µl

NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 30 µl

POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 30 µl
- Concentration: 5% aequeous solution

Duration of treatment / exposure:

60 min

Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):

about 42 h

Number of replicates:

triplicates for each treatment and control group

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Remarks:

mean value of 3 tissues

Run / experiment:

60 min exposure

Value:

88.7

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Other effects / acceptance of results:

OTHER EFFECTS:
- Direct-MTT reduction: The test substance was not considered to be a MTT reducer.
- Colour interference with MTT: The test substance did not change colour when mixed with deionised water. Also it intrinsic colour was not intensive.

ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: The negative control ODs (values between 1.910 and 2.227) were in the range of the required acceptability criterion of mean OD ≥ 0.8 and ≤ 2.8 for the 60 min treatment interval thus showing the quality of the tissues.
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: Exposure to the positive control induced a decrease in the relative absorbance as compared to the negative control to 3.1% thus confirming the validity of the test system.
- Acceptance criteria met for variability between replicate measurements: The relative standard deviations of the 3 identical replicates of the test substance and negative control in the main test were below 7% (threshold of OECD 439: <18%), thus ensuring the validity of the study.

Table 2. Results after treatment with the test substance and controls

	Mean absorbance at 570 nm *			Mean absorbance of 3 tissues blank corrected	Rel. absorbance (%) **			Rel. SD (%)	Rel. absorbance (% of negative control)***
	Tissue 1	Tissue 2	Tissue 3		Tissue 1	Tissue 2	Tissue 3
Negative control	1.978	2.115	1.902	1.998	99.0	105.8	95.2	5.4	100.0
Positive control	0.064	0.062	0.057	0.061	3.2	3.1	2.9	5.8	3.1
Test substance	1.899	1.765	1.653	1.772	95.0	88.3	82.7	6.9	88.7

* Mean of 3 replicate wells after blank correction (mean blank value: 0.038)

** Relative absorbance per tissue (rounded values): 100 × (absorbance tissue) / (mean absorbance negative control)

*** Relative absorbance per treatment group (rounded values): 100 × (mean absorbance test item/positive control) / (mean absorbance negative control)

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the conducted test, the test substance did not possess irritating properties towards reconstructed human epidermis tissue in the EpiDerm™ model.

Executive summary:

This in vitro study was performed to assess the irritation potential of test item by means of the Human Skin Model Test.

Each three tissues of the human skin model EpiDerm™ were treated with the test item, the negative or the positive control for 60 minutes. Each 30 µL of the test item, of the negative control (DPBS), or of the positive control (5% SLS) were applied to each of triplicate tissue. After treatment with the negative control the absorbance values were well within the required range of the acceptability criterion of mean OD ≥ 0.8 and ≤ 2.8 for the 60 minutes treatment interval, thus assuring the quality of the tissues.

Treatment with the positive control induced a sufficient decrease in the relative absorbance (3.1%) as compared to the negative control for the 60 minutes treatment interval, and thus assuring the validity of the test system.

After treatment with the test item the mean relative absorbance value decreased to 88.7% compared to the relative absorbance value of the negative control. This value is above the threshold for irritancy of ≤ 50%. Therefore, the test item is not considered to possess an irritant potential.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

28 Oct 2016

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying i) Chemicals Inducing Serious Eye Damage and ii) Chemicals Not Requiring Classification for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage)

Version / remarks:

Jul 2013

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

Hess. Ministerium für Umwelt, Klimaschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz, Wiesbaden, Germany

Species:

cattle

Strain:

not specified

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

SOURCE OF COLLECTED EYES
- Source: Schlachthof Aschaffenburg, Germany
- Characteristics of donor animals: at least 9 month old
- Storage, temperature and transport conditions of ocular tissue: The isolated eyes were transported to the laboratory in Hank's Buffered Salt Solution (HBSS) at ambient temperature.
- Time interval prior to initiating testing: The corneae were isolated on the same day after delivery of the eyes and were directly used in the BCOP test.
- Indication of any existing defects or lesions in ocular tissue samples: All eyes were carefully examined macroscopically for defects. Those presenting defects such as vascularization, pigmentation, opacity and scratches were discarded.
- Indication of any antibiotics used: not specified

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes, concurrent positive control

yes, concurrent negative control

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 0.75 mL

POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 0.75 mL

NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 0.75 mL

Duration of treatment / exposure:

10 min at 32 ± 1 °C

Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):

2 h

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

triplicates for each treatment and control group

Details on study design:

SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF CORNEAS:
The cornea was carefully removed from the eye using scalpel and rounded scissors. A rim of about 2 mm of tissue (sclera) was left for stability and handling of the isolated cornea. Each isolated cornea was mounted in a specially designed cornea holder.


TREATMENT METHOD:
The cornea holder consists of anterior and posterior compartments, which interface with the epithelial and endothelial sides of the cornea, respectively. The endothelial side of the cornea was positioned against the sealing ring (O-ring) of the posterior part of the holder. The cornea was gently flattened over the O-ring but stretching was avoided. The anterior part of the holder was positioned on the top of the cornea and fixed in place with screws. Both compartments of the holder were filled with incubation medium. The posterior compartment was filled first to return the cornea to its natural convex position. After equilibration for about 1 hour, the anterior compartment received the test substance or the controls on the surface of the corneae. The corneae were incubated in a horizontal position at 32 ± 1 °C in the water-bath for 10 minutes.

QUALITY CHECK OF THE ISOLATED CORNEAS:
At the end of the equilibration period, the basal opacity was determined (t0). Each cornea with a value of a basal opacity > 7 was discarded.

POST-INCUBATION PERIOD: no

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE:
The test substance was rinsed off from the application side with saline.

- POST-EXPOSURE INCUBATION: 2 h in a vertical position

METHODS FOR MEASURED ENDPOINTS:
- Corneal opacity: Corneal opacity was determined by the amount of light transmission through the cornea via an opacitometer (OP_KiT opacitometer, Electro Design, Riom France).
- Corneal permeability: The passage of sodium fluorescein dye was measured with the aid of a microplate reader (Versamax Molecular Devices) at 490 nm (OD490).

SCORING SYSTEM: In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS), IVIS = opacity value + (15 x OD490 value)

DECISION CRITERIA:
Test substance with an IVIS > 55 was regarded as serious eye damage and labelled Category 1 according to CLP/GHS.
Test substance with an IVIS ≤ 3 was regarded as non-irritant and labelled in no category.
Test substance with an IVIS > 3; ≤ 55: no prediction can be made.

Irritation parameter:

in vitro irritation score

Remarks:

mean value of 3 corneae

Run / experiment:

10 min exposure

Value:

0

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Other effects / acceptance of results:

With the negative control (saline) neither an increase of opacity nor permeability of the corneae could be observed (mean IVIS = 1.04). The positive control (2-Ethoxyethanol) was tested undiluted and showed clear opacity and distinctive permeability of the corneae (mean IVIS = 80.26) corresponding to a classification as serious eye damaging (CLP/EPA/GHS (Cat 1)).

ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: The negative control resulted in opacity and permeability values that were less than the established upper limits for background opacity and permeability values for bovine corneae treated with the respective negative control.
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: The positive control resulted in an IVIS which was within two standard deviations of the current historical mean.

Table 2. Results after 10 min incubation time.

Test group	Opacity value = Difference (t130-t0) of Opacity		Permeability at 490 nm (OD490)		IVIS	Mean IVIS
		Mean		Mean
Negative Control	0	0.00	0.080	0.069	1.20	1.04
	0		0.075		1.13
	0		0.052		0.78
Positive Control	63.0*		0.989*		77.84	80.26
	73.00*		0.650*		82.75
	64.00*		1.079*		80.19
Test substance	-1.00*		-0.017*		-1.26	0.00**
	-1.00*		-0.003*		-1.05
	-1.00*		-0.041*		-0.39

*corrected values

** negative value are set to zero

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Under conditions of the Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test (BCOP) the test substance was not irritating to the eye. Application of the test substance to bovine corneae resulted in a calculated mean IVIS of 0.00.

Executive summary:

This in vitro study was performed to assess the corneal damage potential of test item by means of the BCOP assay using fresh bovine corneae.

After a first opacity measurement of the fresh bovine corneae (t0), the neat test item, the positive, and the negative controls were applied to corneae fixed in an incubation chamber for 10 minutes at 32 ± 1 °C. The posterior chamber contained incubation

medium. Further, the corneae were incubated for another 120 minutes at 32 ± 1 °C. Afterwards, opacity was measured a second time (t130). After the opacity measurements permeability of the corneae was determined. With the negative control (0.9% (w/v) NaCl solution in deionised water) neither an increase of opacity nor permeability of the corneae could be observed. The positive control (2-Ethoxyethanol) showed clear opacity and distinctive permeability of the corneae corresponding to a classification as serious eye damaging (CLP/EPA/GHS (Cat 1)).

Relative to the negative control, the test item did not cause an increase of the corneal opacity or permeability. The calculated mean in vitro irritancy score was 0.00 so that the test item is not categorized (GHS).

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

Skin

The skin irritation potential of the test substance was determined by an in vitro skin irritation test using a reconstructed human skin model according to OECD Guideline 439 and in compliance with GLP (2017). After treatment with the test substance for 60 min the tissue viability did not decrease (88.7%) compared to the negative control (threshold for irritancy ≤ 50%).Therefore, the test substance is not considered to possess an irritant potential towards human-derived epidermal keratinocytes.

Eye

The eye irritation potential of the test substance was determined by a bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) test according to OECD Guideline 437 and in compliance with GLP (2017). Application of the test substance to bovine corneae resulted in a calculated mean IVIS of 0.00. Thus, the test substance is not considered to be irritant to the eye.

Justification for classification or non-classification

The available data on skin and eye irritation do not meet the criteria for classification according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008, and are therefore conclusive but not sufficient for classification.