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EC number: 615-768-8 | CAS number: 72480-17-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Experimental starting date (first day of data collection): 26 June 2015; Experimental completion date: 24 July 2015
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP Guideline study.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 015
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-Pentanone, 4-methyl-, reaction products with 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol
- EC Number:
- 615-768-8
- Cas Number:
- 72480-17-2
- Molecular formula:
- C10 H21 N O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-Pentanone, 4-methyl-, reaction products with 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- Tester strains TA98 and TA1537 are reverted from histidine dependence (auxotrophy) to histidine independence (prototrophy) by frameshift mutagens. Tester strain TA1535 is reverted by mutagens that cause basepair substitutions. Tester strain TA100 is reverted by mutagens that cause both frameshift and basepair substitution mutations. Specificity of the reversion mechanism in E. coli is sensitive to basepair substitution mutations, rather than frameshift mutations (Green and Muriel, 1976).
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- Not applicable
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- Not applicable
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver S9.
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- - In the initial toxicity-mutation assay:1.50/5.00/15.0/50.0/150/500/1500 and 5000 μg per plate.- In the confirmatory mutagenicity assay: 15.0/50.0/150/500/1500 and 5000 μg per plate.
- Vehicle / solvent:
- The vehicle used was :- Vehicle: DMSO- CAS number: 67-68-5- Supplier: Sigma-Aldrich- Lot number: BCBJ4366V- Purity: 99.99%- Expiration date: February 2018
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- diluted is DMSO
- Positive control substance:
- 2-nitrofluorene
- Remarks:
- Positive control for TA 98 without metabolic activation.
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- diluted is sterile water
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- Remarks:
- Positive control for TA100 and TA 1535 without metabolic activation.
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- diluted is DMSO
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene
- Remarks:
- 2-Aminoanthracene is the positive control for TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and WP2 uvra with metabolic activation.
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- diluted is DMSO
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- Remarks:
- Positive control for TA 1537 without metabolic activation.
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- diluted is DMSO
- Positive control substance:
- methylmethanesulfonate
- Remarks:
- Positive control for WP2 uvra without metabolic activation.
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation).NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS:- Initial toxicity-mutation assay: In duplicate- Confirmatiry mutagenicity assay: in triplicateTreatment of Test SystemOn the day of its use, minimal top agar, containing 0.8 % agar (W/V) and 0.5 % NaCl (W/V), was melted and supplemented with L-histidine, D-biotin and L-tryptophan solution to a final concentration of 50 μM each. Top agar not used with S9 or Sham mix was supplemented with 25 mL of sterile water for each 100 mL of minimal top agar. Bottom agar was Vogel-Bonner minimal medium E (Vogel and Bonner, 1956) containing 1.5 % (W/V) agar. Nutrient bottomagar was Vogel-Bonner minimal medium E containing 1.5 % (W/V) agar and supplemented with 2.5 % (W/V) Oxoid Nutrient Broth No. 2 (dry powder). Nutrient Broth was Vogel-Bonner salt solution supplemented with 2.5 % (W/V) Oxoid Nutrient Broth No. 2 (dry powder).To confirm the sterility of the S9 and Sham mixes, a 0.5 mL aliquot of each was plated on selective agar. To confirm the sterility of the test substance and the vehicle, all test substance dose levels and the vehicle used in each assay were plated on selective agar with an aliquot volume equal to that used in the assay. These plates were incubated under the same conditions as the assay.One-half (0.5) milliliter of S9 or Sham mix, 100 μL of tester strain (cells seeded) and 50.0 μL of vehicle or test substance dilution were added to 2.0 mL of molten selective top agar at 45±2°C. When plating the positive controls, the test substance aliquot was replaced by a 50 μL aliquot of appropriate positive control. After vortexing, the mixture was overlaid onto the surface of 25 mL of minimal bottom agar. After the overlay had solidified, the plates were inverted and incubated for 48 to 72 hours at 37±2°C. Plates that were not counted immediately following the incubation period were stored at 2-8°C until colony counting could be conducted.
- Evaluation criteria:
- Evaluation of Test ResultsFor each replicate plating, the mean and standard deviation of the number of revertants per plate were calculated and are reported.For the test substance to be evaluated positive, it must cause a dose-related increase in the mean revertants per plate of at least one tester strain over a minimum of two increasing concentrations of test substance as specified below:Strains TA1535 and TA1537Data sets were judged positive if the increase in mean revertants at the peak of the dose response was equal to or greater than 3.0-times the mean vehicle control value.Strains TA98, TA100 and WP2 uvrAData sets were judged positive if the increase in mean revertants at the peak of the dose response was equal to or greater than 2.0-times the mean vehicle control value.An equivocal response is a biologically relevant increase in a revertant count that partially meets the criteria for evaluation as positive. This could be a dose-responsive increase that does not achieve the respective threshold cited above or a non-dose responsive increase that is equal to or greater than the respective threshold cited. A response was evaluated as negative if it was neither positive nor equivocal.
- Statistics:
- Electronic Data Collection SystemsThe primary computer or electronic systems used for the collection of data or analysis included but were not limited to the following:- LIMS Labware System: Test Substance Tracking- Excel 2007 (Microsoft Corporation): Calculations- Sorcerer Colony Counter and Ames Study Manager (Perceptive Instruments): Data Collection/Table Creation- Kaye Lab Watch Monitoring system (Kaye GE): Environmental Monitoring- BRIQS: Deviation and audit reporting
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Solubility Test
DMSO was selected as the solvent of choice based on the solubility of the test substance and compatibility with the target cells. The test substance formed a clear solution in DMSO at a concentration of approximately 500 mg/mL, the maximum concentration tested in the solubility test conducted at BioReliance.
Sterility Results
No contaminant colonies were observed on the sterility plates for the vehicle control, the test substance dilutions or the S9 and Sham mixes.
Tester strain titer results:
Experiment | Tester strain | ||||
TA98 | TA100 | TA1535 | TA1537 | WP2 uvra | |
Titer value (x10E9 cells per ml) | |||||
B1 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 6.1 | 11.4 |
B2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 2.2 |
Initial toxicity-mutation assay:
In Experiment B1 (Initial Toxicity-Mutation Assay), the maximum dose tested was 5000 μg per plate; this dose was achieved using a concentration of 100 mg/mL and a 50.0 μL plating aliquot. The dose levels tested were 1.50, 5.00, 15.0, 50.0, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 μg per plate. No positive mutagenic responses were observed with any of the tester strains in either the presence or absence of S9 activation. Neither precipitate nor toxicity was observed. Based on the findings of the initial toxicity-mutation assay, the maximum dose plated in the confirmatory mutagenicity assay was 5000 μg per plate.
Confirmatory mutagenicity assay:
In Experiment B2 (Confirmatory Mutagenicity Assay), no positive mutagenic responses were observed with any of the tester strains in either the presence or absence of S9 activation. The dose levels tested were 15.0, 50.0, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 μg per plate. Neither precipitate nor background lawn toxicity was observed.
CONCLUSION
All criteria for a valid study were met as described in the protocol. The results of the Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay indicate that, under the conditions of this study, the test material did not cause a positive mutagenic response with any of the tester strains in either the presence or absence of Aroclor-induced rat liver S9.
Historical negative and positive control values, 2014, Revertants per plate
Historical Negative and Positive Control Values 2014 Revertants per plate | |||||||||||
Strain | Control | Activation | |||||||||
None | Rat liver | ||||||||||
TA98 | Neg | 16 | 5 | 5 | 42 | 6-26 | 24 | 7 | 5 | 53 | 10-38 |
Pos | 232 | 258 | 57 | 2691 |
| 400 | 165 | 109 | 1382 |
| |
TA100 | Neg | 94 | 14 | 66 | 152 | 66-122 | 102 | 18 | 63 | 164 | 66-138 |
Pos | 681 | 176 | 213 | 1767 |
| 681 | 259 | 186 | 2793 |
| |
TA1535 | Neg | 11 | 4 | 2 | 31 | 3-19 | 13 | 5 | 2 | 36 | 3-23 |
Pos | 586 | 226 | 16 | 2509 |
| 117 | 99 | 23 | 1060 |
| |
TA1538 | Neg | 7 | 3 | 1 | 19 | 1-13 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 23 | 1-17 |
Pos | 411 | 355 | 32 | 2921 |
| 72 | 52 | 10 | 562 |
| |
WP2 uvra | Neg | 25 | 7 | 7 | 62 | 11-39 | 28 | 8 | 10 | 55 | 12-44 |
Pos | 376 | 123 | 99 | 1026 |
| 302 | 102 | 91 | 687 |
| |
SD=standard deviation; Min=minimum value; Max=maximum value; 95% CL = Mean ±2 SD (but not less than zero); Neg=negative control (including but not limited to deionized water, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol and acetone); Pos=positive control
|
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):negative with metabolic activationnegative without metabolic activationAll criteria for a valid study were met as described in the protocol. The results of the Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay indicate that, under the conditions of this study, the test material did not cause a positive mutagenic response with any of the tester strains in either the presence or absence of Aroclor-induced rat liver S9.
- Executive summary:
Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537 and Escherichia coli tester strain WP2 uvrA in the presence and absence of Aroclor-induced rat liver S9. The assay was performed in two phases, using the plate incorporation method. The first phase, the initial toxicity-mutation assay, was used to establish the dose-range for the confirmatory mutagenicity assay and to provide a preliminary mutagenicity evaluation. The second phase, the confirmatory mutagenicity assay, was used to evaluate and confirm the mutagenic potential of the test substance.
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was selected as the solvent of choice based on the solubility of the test substance and compatibility with the target cells. The test substance formed a clear solution in DMSO at a concentration of approximately 500 mg/mL, the maximum concentration tested in the solubility test conducted at BioReliance.
In the initial toxicity-mutation assay, the maximum dose tested was 5000 μg per plate; this dose was achieved using a concentration of 100 mg/mL and a 50.0 μL plating aliquot. The dose levels tested were 1.50, 5.00, 15.0, 50.0, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 μg per plate. No positive mutagenic responses were observed with any of the tester strains in either the presence or absence of S9 activation. Neither precipitate nor toxicity was observed. Based on the findings of the initial toxicity-mutation assay, the maximum dose plated in the confirmatory mutagenicity assay was 5000 μg per plate.
In the confirmatory mutagenicity assay, no positive mutagenic responses were observed with any of the tester strains in either the presence or absence of S9 activation. The dose levels tested were 15.0, 50.0, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 μg per plate. Neither precipitate nor background lawn toxicity was observed.
Under the conditions of this study, the test material, was concluded to be negative in the Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay.
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