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EC number: 231-634-8 | CAS number: 7664-39-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 4 days
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: US Environmental Protection Agency, 440/5-86-001; Method for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates and Amphibians.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No further information
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Sodium fluoride is water soluble and will rapidly dissociate under the aqueous conditions of the test to form sodium and fluoride ions. The toxicity of sodium fluoride is essentially due to fluoride ions and therefore is appropriate for read-across to HF.
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- No details on sampling given.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: trichoptera aquatic larvae
- Details on test organisms:
- Trichoptera aquatic larvae were collected from fluoride unpolluted areas of Spanish rivers: Chimarra marginata Linnaeus, Hydropsyche lobata MacLachlan and Hydropsyche bulbifera MacLachlan from Rio Aulencia (Madrid), Hydropsyche exocellata Dufour from Rio Jarama (Madrid) and Hydropsyche pellucidula Curtis from Rio Duraton (Segovia).
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No post exposure observation period.
- Hardness:
- 12-19 mg CaCO3/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Measured
- Details on test conditions:
- Laboratory bioassays were performed in a glass aquaria each containing 10 L of dechlorinated tap water. Necessary water oxygenation and turbulence were produced by an air pump per aquarium. Chamber environmental temperature and natural photoperiod were utilised. Test fluroide solutions were made from sodium fluoride.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 26 - 48 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride
- Details on results:
- Benthic larvae were very sensitive to the concentration of fluoride ion with EC50 values ranging from 26 to 48 mg/L (actual concentration).
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No reported statistics or estimations.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- Benthic larvae were very sensitive to the concentration of fluoride ion with EC50 values ranging from 26 to 48 mg/L (actual concentration).
- Executive summary:
Benthic larvae (Chimarra marginata, Hydropsyche lobata, Hydropsyche bulbifera, Hydropsyche exocellata and Hydropsyche pellucidula) collected in Spanish rivers were found to be sensitive to the concentration of fluoride ion with EC50 values ranging from 26 to 48 mg/L (actual concentration). These organisms appear more sensitive than D. magna according to the EU RAR for hydrogen fluoride; however this may be a reflection of the fact that the study was performed with soft water.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- other: review
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 2 to 5 days
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Remarks:
- Review of available data. Methodologcial data for individual studies are incomplete, however the studies have been assessed as part of the EU RAR and are therefore considered to be suitably reliable.
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The studies are mainly non-guideline
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Not applicable
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- No details of sampling given in review.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- No details of test solutions given in review.
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Benthic trichoptera larvae, Daphnia magna, Daphnia sp., Mysidopsis bahia, Perna perna
- Details on test organisms:
- No further details given in review.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Post exposure observation period:
- No post exposure observation period.
- Hardness:
- Values ranged between 173-250 mg CaCO3/L.
- Test temperature:
- Not stated.
- pH:
- Not stated
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not stated
- Salinity:
- Not stated
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal.
- Details on test conditions:
- The duration of the test ranged from 24-48 h.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 26 - 48 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: benthic trichoptera larvae
- Remarks:
- (Camargo and Tarazona, 1990)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 97 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Daphnia magna
- Remarks:
- (Janssen et al., 1989)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 153 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluuoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Daphnia magna
- Remarks:
- (LeBlanc, 1984)
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 352 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Daphnia magna
- Remarks:
- (Kühn et al., 1988)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 270 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Daphnia sp.
- Remarks:
- (Bringman and Kühn, 1959)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 10.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Mysidopsis bahia (marine)
- Remarks:
- (LeBlanc, 1984)
- Duration:
- 120 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 20 - <= 39 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Perna perna (marine)
- Remarks:
- (Hemens and Warwick, 1972)
- Details on results:
- The EC50 values for daphnids range from 97 to 352 mg/L and are based on nominal concentrations.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- None reported
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 values for daphnids exposed to sodium fluoride range from 97 to 352 mg F-/L.
- Executive summary:
The EU RAR reviews and summairses the available data on short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates. Reported EC50 values for Daphnia sp. range from 97-352 mg/L and are based on nominal concentrations.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- other: review
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- Not reported
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Remarks:
- The ICD reviews and summarises relevant information on the aquatic toxiicty of fluorides
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The results of a number of largely non-standard studies are summarised
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: various
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 109 - 340 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Freshwater
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 30 - 500 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Marine
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The ICD reports short-term endpoints of 109 to 340 mg F-/L and 30 to 500 mg F-/L for fresh-water and marine invertebrates, respectively.
- Executive summary:
The ICD summarises the available data on the short-term toxicity of sodium fluoride to aquatic invertebrates and reports EC50 values of 109 -340 mg/L. EC50 values of 30 -500 mg/L are reported for marine invertebrates.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- It is considered appropriate to address the short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates data requirement for hydrogen fluoride (HF) by read-across to available data on sodium fluoride (NaF).
In water, HF (as hydrofluoric acid when in water) dissociates rapidly to form hydrogen (H+) and fluoride (F−) ions, whereas NaF (the highly soluble sodium salt of fluoride) will be fully hydrated in water as separate sodium (Na+) and F- ions. Both HF and NaF (as well as other fluorides) will therefore dissociate rapidly to form F- ions in the aquatic environment, with any effects observed being directly attributable to the F- ion. The Na+ ion is naturally occurring and regulated by organisms (i.e. by homeostatic mechanisms) and consequently is not considered to have an impact on the read-across of ecotoxicological data. On this basis, the profile of HF is comparable to that of NaF with respect to the environment. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 26 - 48 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride
- Details on results:
- Benthic larvae were very sensitive to the concentration of fluoride ion with EC50 values ranging from 26 to 48 mg/L (actual concentration).
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No reported statistics or estimations.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- Benthic larvae were very sensitive to the concentration of fluoride ion with EC50 values ranging from 26 to 48 mg/L (actual concentration).
- Executive summary:
It is considered appropriate to address the short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates data requirement for hydrogen fluoride (HF) by read-across to available data on sodium fluoride (NaF). In water, HF (as hydrofluoric acid when in water) dissociates rapidly to form hydrogen (H+) and fluoride (F−) ions, whereas NaF (the highly soluble sodium salt of fluoride) will be fully hydrated in water as separate sodium (Na+) and F- ions. Both HF and NaF (as well as other fluorides) will therefore dissociate rapidly to form F- ions in the aquatic environment, with any effects observed being directly attributable to the F- ion. The Na+ ion is naturally occurring and regulated by organisms (i.e. by homeostatic mechanisms) and consequently is not considered to have an impact on the read-across of ecotoxicological data. On this basis, the profile of HF is comparable to that of NaF with respect to the environment.
Benthic larvae (Chimarra marginata, Hydropsyche lobata, Hydropsyche bulbifera, Hydropsyche exocellata and Hydropsyche pellucidula) collected in Spanish rivers were found to be sensitive to the concentration of fluoride ion with EC50 values ranging from 26 to 48 mg/L (actual concentration). These organisms appear more sensitive than D. magna according to the EU RAR for hydrogen fluoride; however this may be a reflection of the fact that the study was performed with soft water.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Justification for type of information:
- It is considered appropriate to address the short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates data requirement for hydrogen fluoride (HF) by read-across to available data on sodium fluoride (NaF).
In water, HF (as hydrofluoric acid when in water) dissociates rapidly to form hydrogen (H+) and fluoride (F−) ions, whereas NaF (the highly soluble sodium salt of fluoride) will be fully hydrated in water as separate sodium (Na+) and F- ions. Both HF and NaF (as well as other fluorides) will therefore dissociate rapidly to form F- ions in the aquatic environment, with any effects observed being directly attributable to the F- ion. The Na+ ion is naturally occurring and regulated by organisms (i.e. by homeostatic mechanisms) and consequently is not considered to have an impact on the read-across of ecotoxicological data. On this basis, the profile of HF is comparable to that of NaF with respect to the environment. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 26 - 48 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: benthic trichoptera larvae
- Remarks:
- (Camargo and Tarazona, 1990)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 97 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Daphnia magna
- Remarks:
- (Janssen et al., 1989)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 153 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluuoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Daphnia magna
- Remarks:
- (LeBlanc, 1984)
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 352 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Daphnia magna
- Remarks:
- (Kühn et al., 1988)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 270 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Daphnia sp.
- Remarks:
- (Bringman and Kühn, 1959)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 10.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Mysidopsis bahia (marine)
- Remarks:
- (LeBlanc, 1984)
- Duration:
- 120 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 20 - <= 39 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Perna perna (marine)
- Remarks:
- (Hemens and Warwick, 1972)
- Details on results:
- The EC50 values for daphnids range from 97 to 352 mg/L and are based on nominal concentrations.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- None reported
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 values for daphnids exposed to sodium fluoride range from 97 to 352 mg F-/L.
- Executive summary:
It is considered appropriate to address the short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates data requirement for hydrogen fluoride (HF) by read-across to available data on sodium fluoride (NaF). In water, HF (as hydrofluoric acid when in water) dissociates rapidly to form hydrogen (H+) and fluoride (F−) ions, whereas NaF (the highly soluble sodium salt of fluoride) will be fully hydrated in water as separate sodium (Na+) and F- ions. Both HF and NaF (as well as other fluorides) will therefore dissociate rapidly to form F- ions in the aquatic environment, with any effects observed being directly attributable to the F- ion. The Na+ ion is naturally occurring and regulated by organisms (i.e. by homeostatic mechanisms) and consequently is not considered to have an impact on the read-across of ecotoxicological data. On this basis, the profile of HF is comparable to that of NaF with respect to the environment.
The EU RAR reviews and summairses the available data on short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates. Reported EC50 values for Daphnia sp. range from 97-352 mg/L and are based on nominal concentrations.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Justification for type of information:
- It is considered appropriate to address the short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates data requirement for hydrogen fluoride (HF) by read-across to available data on sodium fluoride (NaF).
In water, HF (as hydrofluoric acid when in water) dissociates rapidly to form hydrogen (H+) and fluoride (F−) ions, whereas NaF (the highly soluble sodium salt of fluoride) will be fully hydrated in water as separate sodium (Na+) and F- ions. Both HF and NaF (as well as other fluorides) will therefore dissociate rapidly to form F- ions in the aquatic environment, with any effects observed being directly attributable to the F- ion. The Na+ ion is naturally occurring and regulated by organisms (i.e. by homeostatic mechanisms) and consequently is not considered to have an impact on the read-across of ecotoxicological data. On this basis, the profile of HF is comparable to that of NaF with respect to the environment. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 109 - 340 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Freshwater
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 30 - 500 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Marine
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The ICD reports short-term endpoints of 109 to 340 mg F-/L and 30 to 500 mg F-/L for fresh-water and marine invertebrates, respectively.
- Executive summary:
It is considered appropriate to address the short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates data requirement for hydrogen fluoride (HF) by read-across to available data on sodium fluoride (NaF). In water, HF (as hydrofluoric acid when in water) dissociates rapidly to form hydrogen (H+) and fluoride (F−) ions, whereas NaF (the highly soluble sodium salt of fluoride) will be fully hydrated in water as separate sodium (Na+) and F- ions. Both HF and NaF (as well as other fluorides) will therefore dissociate rapidly to form F- ions in the aquatic environment, with any effects observed being directly attributable to the F- ion. The Na+ ion is naturally occurring and regulated by organisms (i.e. by homeostatic mechanisms) and consequently is not considered to have an impact on the read-across of ecotoxicological data. On this basis, the profile of HF is comparable to that of NaF with respect to the environment.
The ICD summarises the available data on the short-term toxicity of sodium fluoride to aquatic invertebrates and reports EC50 values of 109 -340 mg/L. EC50 values of 30 -500 mg/L are reported for marine invertebrates.
Referenceopen allclose all
Benthic larvae were found to be sensitive to the concentration of fluoride ion with EC50 values ranging from 26 to 48 mg/L (actual concentration). These organisms appear more sensitive than D. magna according to the EU RAR for hydrogen fluoride; however this may be a reflection of the fact that the study was performed with soft water.
The reported EC50 values for daphnids range from 97-352 mg/L and are based on nominal concentrations. Water hardness in these studies ranged from 173 to 250 mg CaCO3/L. The EU RAR for hydrogen fluoride notes the existence of additional EC50 values in the range 109 to 340 mg F-/L, cited in the RIVM Integrated Criteria Document Fluoride (Sloof et al, 1988).
EC50 values of 10.5 -39 mg/L are reported for marine invertebrates.
The ICD reports EC50 values of 109 -340 mg F-/L for freshwater invertebrates and values of 30 -500 mg F-/L for marine invertebrates.
Benthic larvae were found to be sensitive to the concentration of fluoride ion with EC50 values ranging from 26 to 48 mg/L (actual concentration). These organisms appear more sensitive than D. magna according to the EU RAR for hydrogen fluoride; however this may be a reflection of the fact that the study was performed with soft water.
The reported EC50 values for daphnids range from 97-352 mg/L and are based on nominal concentrations. Water hardness in these studies ranged from 173 to 250 mg CaCO3/L. The EU RAR for hydrogen fluoride notes the existence of additional EC50 values in the range 109 to 340 mg F-/L, cited in the RIVM Integrated Criteria Document Fluoride (Sloof et al, 1988).
EC50 values of 10.5 -39 mg/L are reported for marine invertebrates.
The ICD reports EC50 values of 109 -340 mg F-/L for freshwater invertebrates and values of 30 -500 mg F-/L for marine invertebrates.
Description of key information
A number of non-guideline studies performed with sodium fluoride are available. EC50 values for marine invertebrates range from 10.5-39 mg/L. EC50 values for daphnids range from 97-352 mg/L; benthic insect larvae were found to be more sensitive, with EC50 values of 26-48 mg/L (test with soft water).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect concentration:
- 26 mg/L
Marine water invertebrates
Marine water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect concentration:
- 10.5 mg/L
Additional information
Camargo & Tarazona (1990) report that benthic larvae are sensitive to the concentration of fluoride, with EC50 values ranging from 26 -48 mg/L (actual concentration); however the study was performed in soft water. The EU RAR reviews and summarises the available data on short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates. The reported EC50 values for Daphnia sp. range from 97-352 mg/L and are based on nominal concentrations; EC50 values of 10.5 -39 mg/L are reported for marine invertebrates. The ICD summarises the available data on the short-term toxicity of sodium fluoride to aquatic invertebrates and reports EC50 values of 109 -340 mg/L; EC50 values of 30 -500 mg/L are reported for marine invertebrates.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.