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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 308-760-8 | CAS number: 98246-87-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 4.92 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 25
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 123 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Kinetics (metabolism, distribution and excretion) are considered to be similar for oral and inhalation intake in the absence of evidence of the opposite.
Starting point:
NOAEL of 50 mg/kg bw/day in a repeated dose toxicity study in rat.
An additional factor was included in the modification calculation to take into account correction for differences between human and experimental exposure conditions. When correcting an oral NOAEL to inhalation NOAEC the correction factor for worker population would be: 7 day/week (experimental animal exposure, check study) / 5 days/week (worker exposure conditions) = 1.4.
Conversion of an oral NOAEL into a corrected NOAEC:
For workers (8h exposure/day), the corrected inhalatory NOAEC = oral NOAEL * 1/sRVrat * ABSoral-rat /ABSinhal-human * sRVhuman/wRV
= 50 mg/kg bw/day * 1/0.38 m3/kg/8h * ABSoral-rat /ABSinhal-human * 6.7 m3 (8h)/10 m3 (8h) *1.4
= 50 mg/kg bw/day * 1/0.38 m3/kg/8h * 1 * 6.7 m3 (8h)/10 m3 (8h) *1.4
= 50 /0.38 * 1* (6.7/10) *1.4 = 123 mg/m3.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Value is a NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- semi-chronic studies (EOGRTS and 90-day toxicity)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- No correction for caloric demand for inhalation; is included in dose descriptor starting point
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- worker exposure
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- reliable studies used
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 100
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Route to route extrapolation based on low absorption via the oral route (mainly absorption of hydrolysis products) and low dermal absorption based on physico-chemical properties. Both absorption rates are set at 10% (default).
The NOAEL is based on a weight of evidence approach taking into account the data on repeated dose and reproduction toxicity.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- value is a NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- semi-chronic studies (EOGRTS and 90-day toxicity)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- study in rat
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- worker exposure
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- reliable studies used
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
Dose mg/kg bw | 6.5$ | 10 | 50 | 65$ | 100 | 250 | 350 | 650$ | 1000 |
Dose mg/kg bw | 6.5$ | 10 | 50 | 65$ | 100 | 250 | 350 | 650$ | 1000 |
BW | M ↓6% |
|
| M ↓8% |
| M ↓6% (F0)
|
| M ↓11% F ↓7% | M ↓5% M(BWG) ↓11% |
Effects on white blood cells |
|
|
| F WBC↑ ns | WBC↑ >25 %* |
| WBC↑ >35 %* | WBC↑>80%* | WBC↑ >35 %* (mainly LYMPH) |
Lymph nodes histiocytosis/macrophage infiltrate |
|
| (F#) | M+F | M+F | (M+F#) | M+F | M+F | M+F |
Kidneys inflammatory cell infiltrate |
|
|
| F |
| M+F (minimal) | M+F ? | F | M+F ? |
Liver inflammatory cell infiltrate |
|
|
|
| F |
| M+F | M+F | M+F |
Adrenals inflammatory cell infiltrate |
|
|
|
|
| F |
| M+F |
|
Study type | 90 day diet | OECD 443 Gavage | OECD 443 gavage | 90-day diet | OECD 422 gavage | OECD 433 gavage | OECD 422 gavage | 90-day diet (once) | OECD 422 Gavage |
Study duration | 13 wks | 10 wks | 10 wks | 13 wks | Ca 4 wks | 10 wks | Ca 4 wks | 13 wks | Ca 4 wks |
Vehicle | Corn oil | CMC | CMC | Corn oil | Corn oil | CMC | Corn oil | Corn oil | Corn oil |
$ females never been pregnant
*effect in females much stronger
# effect in F1, considered non adverse
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.87 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 43.5 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Kinetics (metabolism, distribution and excretion) are considered to be similar for oral and inhalation intake in the absence of evidence of the opposite.
For the general population (24h exposure/day), the corrected inhalatory NOAEC = oral NOAEL * 1/sRVrat * ABSoral-rat /ABSinhal-human
= 50 mg/kg bw/day * 1/1.15 m3/kg * ABSoral-rat /ABSinhal-human
= 50 mg/kg bw/day * 1/1.15 m3/kg * 1 = 43.5 mg/m3
With ABS: Absorption, sRV: Standard Respiratory Volume;
ABSoral-rat /ABSinhal-human= 10/10= 1, assuming no differences in inhalation absorption between rats and humans.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Value is a NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- semi-chronic studies (EOGRTS and 90-day toxicity)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- No correction for caloric demand for inhalation; is included in dose descriptor starting point
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- consumers
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- reliable studies used
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.25 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Route to route extrapolation based on low absorption via the oral route (mainly absorption of hydrolysis products) and low dermal absorptionbased on physico-chemical properties. Both absorption rates are set at 10% (default).
The NOAEL is based on a weight of evidence approach taking into account the data on repeated dose and reproduction toxicity.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- value is a NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- based on sub-chronic studies (EOGRTS and 90-day toxicity)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- study in rat
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- consumers
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- reliable studies used
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.25 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 0.25 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
No modification necesary as the critical study is via the oral route
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- value is a NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- based on sub-chronic studies (EOGRTS and 90-day toxicity)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- study in the rat
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- consumers
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- reliable studies used
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
see under worker exposure for overview of the studies
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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