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EC number: 203-632-7 | CAS number: 108-95-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
One seedling emergence and growth test with Lactuca sative in soil, one test on agar with the same plant species and four root elongation tests (Panicum miliaceum, Cucumis sativus, Lactuca sativa, and Sinapis alba) in aqueous solution were performed. Due to the most realistic exposition the test with soil was considered as key study. The test was performed according to test guideline OECD 208. Information concerning GLP was not provided. The data are reported in the literature. The EC50 (14 d) for growth (fresh biomass) was calculated as 79 mg/kg soil dw. Considering a standard content of organic matter of 3.4 %, an EC50 of 149 mg/kg is calculated.
For all studies no chemical analyses were performed. In one test, however, the stability of test solution was investigated over a period of 5 days via TOC analysis. After 5 d 92.1% of the initial test substance concentration was found.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Short-term EC50 or LC50 for terrestrial plants:
- 79 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
The data on effects of phenol on terrestrial soil organisms is presented in EU RAR (2006) in Section 3.2.3 (Terrestrial compartment, page 44ff).
Just one EC50 value for phenol in soil with one plant species is available. According to the guidelines for a comprehensive assessment several test species including monocotyledone and dicotyledone plants have to be investigated. Although this demand is not fulfilled for the test in soil several plant species were tested in aqueous medium. The same plant species (Latuca sativa) as well as two further species (Panicum miliaceum,Cucumis sativus) were tested in aqueous medium. The EC50 for Latuca sativa (EC50: 130 mg/L; 95 % C.L. 108 - 180) was comparable to the effects for Panicum miliaceum (EC50: 120 mg/L; 95 % C.L. 65 - 180). The sensitivity of both plants was higher compared to the sensitivity of the third plant (Cucumis sativus: EC50: 220 mg/L; 95 % C.L. 180 - 300).
Now a further study finished recently (2009) is available. The toxicity of phenol to Sinapis alba was investigated in a study conducted according to the national standard method STN 83 8303 (Slovakia; filter paper test) and the root growth after 72 h determined. In the frame of the study the stability of test solution was investigated over a period of 5 days via TOC analysis. After 5 d 92.1% of the initial test substance concentration was found. Therefore the effect values refer to nominal concentrions. A 72 h IC50>48 mg/L nominal was determined.
Furthermore, with Latuca sativa and Panicum miliaceum the demand of testing a dicotyledone and a monocotyledone plant species is fulfilled.
In the test guideline OECD 208 (published 2006) it is the first time that chemical analyses are demanded for ecotoxicological tests with terrestrial species. According to the guideline only the stock solution has to be analysed. Due to the chemical structure hydrolysis in water is not expected.
Therefore, the result of one plant test in soil without chemical analyses is considered to be sufficient.
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