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EC number: 203-632-7 | CAS number: 108-95-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
The data on effects of phenol on terrestrial soil organisms is presented in EU RAR (2006) in Section 3.2.3 (Terrestrial compartment, page 44ff). It is stated that the effect concentrations given in the references are corrected for a standard soil with a content of organic matter of 3.4%, where possible. For earthworms and plants only results from acute tests are available. The Eisenia foetida 14-day LC50 of 136 mg/kg dry weight is uses for the calculation of the PNEC soil.
Tests were performed with soil macroorganisms (earthworms, non-target arthropods), plants and microorganisms. For earthworms (Eisenia foetida) a mortality test is available. For non target arthropods (Acrididae: Acrotylus patruelis) a test covering egg deposition, hatching of larvae and development of larvae to adults was performed. Furthermore a seedling emergence test with plants (Latuca sativa) and tests with microorganisms (dehydrogenase, N-mineralisation) are available. Only one plant was tested in soil. But due to further results with further plants in aqueous medium, the EC50 is regarded as representative for monocotyledone and dicotyledone plants.
For terrestrial arthropds only an invalide study with grasshoppers is available. However, in Annex IX of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, it is laid down that toxicity tests in terrestrial arthropds shall be proposed by the registrant if the chemical safety assessment indicates the need to investigate further the effects on soil organisms. According to Annex I of this regulation, the chemical safety assessment triggers further action when the substance or the preparation meets the criteria for classification as dangerous according to Directive 67/548/EEC or Directive 1999/45/EC or is assessed to be a PBT or vPvB. The hazard assessment of phenol reveals neither a need to classify the substance as dangerous to the environment, nor is it a PBT or vPvB substance, nor are there any further indications that the substance may be hazardous to the environment. Due to the low adsorptivity of phenol, its ready and anaerob biodegradability adirect and indirect exposure of soil toward phenol is unlikely. This is supported by the distribution modelling (distribution model according to Mackay, level 1) resulting in only 0.2 % of phenol released into the environment to be expected in the soil compartment. Therefore, toxicity studies with terrestrial arthropods do not need to be conducted.
Following results were achieved:
Earthworms: LC50 - 401 mg/kg (considering a standard content of organic matter of 3.4 % an EC50 of 136 mg/kg is calculated)
Plants: EC50 - 79 mg/kg (considering a standard content of organic matter of 3.4 %, an EC50 of 149 mg/kg is calculated)
Microorganisms: EC10 - 100 mg/kg (no content of organic matter is reported, therefore no recalculation of an EC50 based on a start content of organic matter is possible).
According to the EU RAR (2006), the risk characterisation is based on PECsoil local for soils without direct entry for phenol (1.35 µg/kg) and for soils after application of sewage sludge+deposition (21 µg/kg) and on a PNEC from short-term tests (AF 1000) resulted in a PEC/PNEC < 1. Furthermore, phenol is classified as "readily biodegradable" and the half-life for biodegradation in soil was found to be between 7 and 30 days. Therefore, further long-term tests with soil invertebrates are not considered to be necessary.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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