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EC number: 203-867-5 | CAS number: 111-41-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Abstract. Original report not yet available.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 991
- Report date:
- 1991
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 410 (Repeated Dose Dermal Toxicity: 21/28-Day Study)
- Deviations:
- not applicable
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol
- EC Number:
- 203-867-5
- EC Name:
- 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol
- Cas Number:
- 111-41-1
- Molecular formula:
- C4H12N2O
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethan-1-ol
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material: aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA)
- Analytical purity: 99.9 %
- Lot: TB-890105
- Obtained from : Chemicals & Metals Department, The Dow Chemical Company (Freeport, TX)
- Physical State: colortess liquid
- Odor: slightly ammoniacal
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Fischer 344
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Male and female Fischer 344 rats (approximately five to six weeks of age) purchased from Charles River Laboratories, Inc. Kingston, NY were used in the study. Upon arrival at the laboratory rats were examined by the laboratory veterinarian and acclimated to the laboratory environment according to the SOP of the Subchronic/Chronic Toxicity Section for 16 days. During acclimation, rats were assigned one/cage to test groups using a computergenerated randomization scheme based on body weights. Identification was accomplished by inserting a unique alphanumeric metal tag in one ear of each rat. The animal rooms of the testing facility were designed to maintain adequate environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, and photocycle) for the species used. Tap water and Purina Certified Rodent Chow #5002 (Purina Mills, Inc., St. Louis, MO) were available ad libitum during the pre-study and
study periods. The feed was analyzed by Purina Mills, Inc. and found to be nutritionally adequate and to be free of significant levels of spedfic contaminants. Drinking water was analyzed as outlined in the SOP of The Toxicology Research Laboratory and was also round to be of acceptable quality and free of significant levels of specific contaminants.
All animals were weighed just prior to the initiation of dosing and approximately weekly thereafter. All in-life weights were collected using an in-house Computer system. Feed consumption data was also obtained at approximately weekly intervals.
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Vehicle:
- other: distilled water
- Details on exposure:
- Route of Administration: dermal
TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 5 x 5 cm on the back, representing at least 10 % of the surface area of the animal
- coverage: 100 %
- Type of wrap: absorbent gauze patch which was helt in place with an elastic with wrap which was secured with elastic tape
- Time intervals for shavings or clipplings: prior to study initiation and as needed
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing: wraps were removed approx. six hours after application and the test site was wiped with a water-dampened disposable
towel to remove any residual test material
- Time after start of exposure: 6 hours
TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 4 ml/kg bw
- Concentration: 2.5, 7.5 or 25 % solution (w/v) at 4 ml/kg bw for rats receiving 100, 300 or 1000 mg/kg bw/day - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- The stability of AEEA in distilled water and the potential of the mixing method to produce a homogeneous dosing Solution were verified analyticaUy. In
addition, the concentrations of AEEA in a set of dose solutions were also quantitated analytically during the study. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 weeks
- Frequency of treatment:
- 6 hours/day, 5 days/week
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 100, 300 or 1000 mg/kg bw/day
Basis:
nominal per unit body weight
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 rats
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- In a probe study, two male rats received 1000 mg/kg bw/day as a 25 % solution in distilled deionized water for 6 hours/day for 4 days.
The 4 ml/kg bw dosing volume required to administer the test material represented the maximum volume which could be maintained at the application site.
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- Observations and Records
A careful clinical examination was conducted on all animals prior to the start of the study and approximately weekly thereafter.
This examination included thorough evaluations ofthe skin, für, mucous membranes, respiration, circulatory system function, autonomic and central
nervous system function (e.g., tremors, convulsions) and behavior pattern.
An additional observation for morbidity, mortality and the availability of feed and water was made each day of the work-week and twice daily on weekends and holidays.
Evaluation of derrnal application site
The condition of the test material application site was subjectively evaluated when wraps were removed on the last day of dosing each week and on theday prior to necropsy. A modification of the acute dermal irritation scoririg system recommended by the OECD (1981b) was utilized:
Erythema abd eschar:
Within normal limits: 0
Very slight erythema (barely perceptible): 1
Well-defined erythema: 2
Moderate to severe erythema: 3
Severe erythema to slight eschar formation: 4
Edema:
Within normal limits: 0
Very slight (barely perceptible): 1
Well-defined (edges raised) : 2
Moderate (raised approximately 1 millimeter): 3
Severe (raised more than 1 millimeter: 4
Scaling and fissuring:
Within normal limits: 0
Slight scaling: 1
Moderate - severe scaling: 2
Slight fissuring: 3
Moderate - severe fissuring: 4
In addition, necrosis, scabs and/or scars were noted if present; however, they were not graded
Clinical Pathology:
Hematology:
Blood samples were collected from all surviving animals via orbital sinus puncture following anethesia with methoxyflurane and just prior to necropsy. The following hematologic parameters were evaluated for each animal:
hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), erythrocyte count (RBC), total leukocyte count (WBC), and platelet counts (PLAT). Blood smears were prepared and stained with Wright's stain for all animals from which blood samples were collected. Complete blood smear examinations were conducted which included differential leukocyte counts (the number of leukocytes counted were specified if other than 100 cells were counted) and an assessment of erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet morphology. Any morphologic abnormalities observed were reported.
Clinical Chemistry
Blood samples were collected from all surviving animals via orbital sinus puncture following anethesia with methoxyflurane and just prior to necropsy. The following parameters were evaluated for each animal:
alkaline phosphatase activity (AP), alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase activity (AST), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB),
globulin (GLOB) (calculated), total bilirubin (TBILI), glucose (GLUC), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (CREAT), phosphorus (PHOS), caldum (CALC), sodium (NA), potassium (K) and chloride (CL).
Pathology.
All surviving rats were fasted overnight and presented for necropsy approximatdy 24 hours after the final administration of test material. Rats were weighed, anesthetized with methoxyflurane and humanely euthanatized. All animals were examined for gross pathological changes by a veterinary pathologist. The necropsy included examination of the eyes by visual inspection of the cornea, lens and other internal components via placement of a moistened glass slide on the corneal surface. Weights of the brain, heart, liver, kidneys, adrenals and testes were recorded for each animal. Lungs were distended to an approximately normal inspiratory volume with neutral, phosphate-buffered 10 % formalin solution by tracheal instillation using a hand-operated syringe. The nasal cavity was flushed by a similar method via the pharyngeal duct. Representative samples of tissues and any masses or lesions were preserved in formalin. Special attention was given to the skin at the site of application of the test material. Samples of skin from the clpped site where the test material was applied and from an unshaven and untreated site just caudal to this were excised and preserved. Both areas were covered by the wrappings used to maintain the test material at the application site. Thus, the untreated skin served as a control for the possible confounding effects of mechanical irritation of the skin by the wrapping materials, A third skin sample was also collected from the abdomen to include mammary gland tissue; however, this was not used for comparative purposes. Tissues were prepared for light microscopic evaluation by standard procedures sectioned at approximately 6 um and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Samples of skin obtained from the application site and the adjacent, untreated site, liver, kidneys and any masses and lesions were examined from all control and high dose group animals. Treated and untreated skin from all intermediate dose group animals and all grossly observed lesions were also examined histologically. - Other examinations:
- For the probe study, animals were observed for any signs of systemic or dermal treatment-related effects over the dosing period.
- Statistics:
- In-life body weights were evaluated using a three-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) for time, sex and dose. In the three-way repeated measures ANOVA, differences between groups were primarily detected by the time-dose interaction. Terminal body weight, organ weight (absolute and relative, excluding testes), hematologic parameters (excluding differential WBC counts), clinical chemistry parameters, and urine specific gravity were evaluated using a two-way ANOVA with the factors of sex and dose; differences between groups were primarily detected by the dose factor. Results for testes weight(absolute and relative) were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA. A Bonferroni correction was used to compensate for the multiple comparisons with the control group. Final interpretation of numerical data considered statistical analyses along with other factors, such as dose-response relationships and whether the results were plausible in light of other biological and pathological findings.
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Dermal irritation:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- no effects observed
- Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not examined
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- no effects observed
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- no effects observed
- Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Gross pathological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- not examined
- Details on results:
- CLINICAL SIGNS AND DERMAL IRRITATION:
Evaluation of the skin at the application site revealed a minimal degree of erythema in a single high dose female and scabbing in 3/5 male and 3/5 femal rats administered 1000 mg/kg bw/day on day 30 of the dosing period.
GROSS PATHOLOGY:
Treatment-related gross pathologic observations were limited to the skin at the site of test material application.
Dermal crusts were observed in 3 of 5 males and 3 of 5 females administered 1000 mg/kg bw/day AEEA.
No gross lesions were observed in the application site skin of any other treatment or control group.
HISTOPATHOLOGY:
There were no treatment-related histopathologic changes indicative of systemic toxicity observed in rats administered AEEA. Coagulative necrosis and inflammation of hepatic tissue was noted in superficial areas of the caudal lobe of the livers of a high dose group male and female; however these changes were consistent with localized anoxia secondary to compression of the tissue during the wrapping process. Tissues in the remaining lobes of the liver of these animals were normal. Histopathologic examination of the skin at the application site revealed ulcers, accompanied by inflammation of the dermis and epidermis of several male and female rats administered 1000 mg/kg bw/day AEEA.
The separation of epidermal cells (epidermal vacuolation), interpreted to be a precursor of ulcer formation, was also observed in a single high dose group male and female rat. In addition a minimal degree of epidermal hyperplasia was observed in application site skin and untreated skin from contro and treatment groups of rats alike. This change, consisting in most cases of a 1-2 cell increase in epidermal thickness, was primarily attributed to mechanical irritation of the skin from wrapping materials and/or clipping. However, the incidence of a more pronounced degree of hyperplasia, consisting of increases of 2-4 cells over a larger area, was higher in rats administered 1000 mg/kg bw/day AEEA than in controls.
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 other: mg/kg bw / day
- Sex:
- male/female
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
In the 4-day dermal probe, there was no evidence of dermal
or systemic toxicity.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
In a 4 -day dermal probe when two rats received 1000 mg/kg bw/day there was no evidence of dermal or systemic toxicity.
In a subacute toxicity study AEEA (99,9 % a.i.) was administered to five Fisher 344 rats per sex per dose by dermal application 6 hours/day, 5 day/week for a period of approximately 4 weeks at dose levels of 0, 100, 300 or 1000 mg kg bw/day.
There were no treatment-related effects observed in mortality, clinical appearance, behavior, in-life body weight, food consumption, hematology or clinical chemistry of male or female rats administered AEEA relative to controls. Treatment-related gross pathologic observations were limited to the skin at the site of test material application. There were no treatment-related histopathologic changes indicative of systemic toxicity observed in rats administered AEEA.
The NOAEL was considered to be 1000 mg/kg bw/day for both males and females.
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