Decanoic acid, mixed esters with heptanoic acid, isovaleric acid, octanoic acid and pentaerythritol

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

05. Mar. 2018 to 09. Mar. 2018

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Version / remarks:

OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202, adopted 13. Apr. 2004: ”Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test“

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

See "Any other information" for details

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Version / remarks:

Council Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008, Method C.2. “Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test”, adopted 30. May 2008

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

See "Any other information" for details

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

No further details specified in the study report.

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

At the start and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was determined using measurement of dissolved organic carbon (DOC).

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

The water-accommodated fraction (WAF) was prepared for the test. This was done by adding the real load of 100.0 mg/L to the corresponding amount of dilution water and stirring carefully for 48 hours. The lower phase of the resulting solution was used for the test.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Species: Daphnia magna
Authority: STRAUS
Strain: Berlin
Sex: female
Age: between 0 and 24 hours
Origin: Umweltbundesamt Berlin
In-house breeding: since 27. September 2007
Selection of the test system was made following the proposal of the guidelines.

Animal Husbandry
Daphnia magna is bred in the LAUS GmbH throughout the year. The animals are kept for the use in toxicity tests. They multiply by parthenogenesis, thus being genetically identical.
The husbandry is performed similar to the method described in the OECD guideline, following SOP 115 002 01 („Zucht und Hälterung von Daphnia magna STRAUS“), version 12 from 02. Feb. 2015.
Vessels: preserving glasses, nominal volume 2 L
Medium: M4-Medium (recipe of ELENDT)
Food: green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus)
Medium renewal: twice a week
Photo period: 16/8 hours, using neon tubes
Temperature: 20 ± 2 °C

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

No post exposure observation period specified in the study report.

Hardness:

2.502 mmol/L
250 mg CaCO3/L

Test temperature:

20.2 – 22.5°C

pH:

7.8

Dissolved oxygen:

8.4 - 8.7 mg/L

Salinity:

Not applicable-freshwater study

Conductivity:

Not specified

Nominal and measured concentrations:

The study was performed as a limit test using one concentration at 100 mg/L (nominal).

Details on test conditions:

Selection of Daphnia
19.25 hours before the start of the test, the adult animals were separated from the young.
0.5 hours before test start, the adults were caught with the help of a glass tube, and the newborn daphnia, aged between 0 and 18.75 hours, were sieved from the medium and immediately placed into a beaker containing dilution water. After the settling-in period, animals which showed no apparent damage were used for the test.
Switching from M4-medium (husbandry) to dilution water (test) has been shown not to cause any detrimental effects for test daphnia.

Study Performance
Using a glass tube, the daphnia were caught and lifted from the beaker. They were put on a small sieve, and the medium surrounding the animals was sucked off using absorbent paper. Immediately after that, the animals were put into the respective test solution.
The test vessels were left to stand for 48 hours. After 24 and 48 hours, the immobilised daphnia were counted. Daphnia are considered immobilised when they do not perform any movements or are only able to move their antennae when the beaker is gently agitated.
Daphnia which are trapped at the surface of the test solution are also considered immobilised.
The pH, the concentration of dissolved oxygen and the content of DOC in the test solutions were measured at the beginning and at the end of the test.

Experimental Conditions
Date of performance: 07. - 09. Mar. 2018
Treatments: 100 mg/L (nominal)
Temperature: 20.2 – 22.5°C
Duration: 48 hours
Observation times: 24 and 48 hours
Medium renewal: none
Test vessels: glass beakers, nominal volume 50 mL, tall shape
Replicates (Treatments): 4 vessels, each containing 20 ± 5 mL test solution and 5 daphnia
Replicates (Blank control): 4 vessels, each containing 20 ± 5 mL dilution water and 5 daphnia

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 (CAS No. 7778-50-9)

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

>= 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

VALIDITY
Immobilisation in the controls may not exceed 10 %.
Immobilisation in the controls was 0 %.
The concentration of dissolved oxygen at the end of the test must be at least 3 mg/L.
The lowest concentration of dissolved oxygen at the end of the test was 8.4 mg/L.

DISCUSSION
One valid experiment was performed.
The study was performed as a limit test using one concentration at 100 mg/L. For this test concentration and the blank control, 20 daphnia were exposed to the test item for 48 hours in a static test system. After 24 and 48 hours, the immobilised daphnia were counted.
No toxicity was observed at the tested concentration as well as none of the animals was immobilised in the blank control.
Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 (CAS No. 7778-50-9) was used as positive control in a current reference study to assure that the test conditions are reliable.
At the start and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was determined using measurement of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The measured concentration based on DOC measurement was at 5 % of the nominal concentration at the beginning of the test and 0 % of the nominal concentration at the end of the test. As the test solutions used were not filtered after stirring and at the beginning of the test higher DOC content in the treatment than in the blank control was measured, the test item was present in the test solution. The biological results were based on nominal concentrations.
No observations were made which might cause doubts concerning the validity of the study outcome. All validity criteria were met.
The result of the test is considered valid.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The 24h-EC50 value was determined as 1.9 mg/L.
The value was within the requested range for the 24h-EC50 between 0.6 - 2.1 mg/L of potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 as specified in the OECD guideline. Since the fits showed sufficient statistical correspondence of the data with the dose-response-equation, this reference study can be considered valid.

Immobility

Nominal Concentration in mg/L	Immobility 24 hours					Immobility 48 hours
	Absolute				In %	Absolute				In %
Blank control	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

 

pH and O₂values

Nominal Concentration in mg/L	pH		O2Concentration in mg/L
	0 h	48 h	0 h	48 h
Blank control	7.8	7.8	8.4	8.7
100	7.8	7.8	8.4	8.4

 

Measured Concentrations DOC

Nominal Concentration Test Item	Measured DOC   t = 0 h	Measured DOC   t = 48 h	Measured DOC minus blank control t = 0 h	Measured DOC minus blank control t = 48 h
mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	mg/L
Blank control	2.65	5.47	--	--
100	6.00	5.19	3.35	-0.28

 

Calculated Test Item Concentrations

Nominal Concentration Test Item	Calculated Concentration t = 0 h	Calculated Concentration t = 48 h	% of Nominal concentration t = 0 h	% of Nominal concentration t = 48 h
mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	%	%
Blank control	--	--	--	--
100	5.2	-0.4	5	0

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The following results were determined for the test item Hatcol 1570 (species: Daphnia magna).
48h-NOEC ≥ 100 mg/L
48h-LOEC > 100 mg/L
24h-EC50 > 100 mg/L
48h-EC50 > 100 mg/L

Executive summary:

Determination of short term toxicity of Hatcol 1570 against Daphnia magna STRAUS according to OECD 202 resp. EU C.2

 

Findings and Results:

One valid experiment was performed.

The study was performed as a limit test using one concentration at 100 mg/L. For this test concentration and the blank control, 20 daphnia were exposed to the test item for 48 hours in a static test system. After 24 and 48 hours, the immobilised daphnia were counted.

No toxicity was observed at the tested concentration as well as none of the animals was immobilised in the blank control.

Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 (CAS No. 7778-50-9) was used as positive control in a current reference study to assure that the test conditions are reliable.

 

At the start and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was determined using measurement of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The measured concentration based on DOC measurement was at 5 % of the nominal concentration at the beginning of the test and 0 % of the nominal concentration at the end of the test. As the test solutions used were not filtered after stirring and at the beginning of the test higher DOC content in the treatment than in the blank control was measured, the test item was present in the test solution. The biological results were based on nominal concentrations.

 

The following results were determined for the test item Hatcol 1570 (species: Daphnia magna).

48h-NOEC≥100 mg/L

48h-LOEC > 100 mg/L

24h-EC50 > 100 mg/L

48h-EC50 > 100 mg/L

Description of key information

The following results were determined for Hatcol 1570 (species: Daphnia magna).

48h-NOEC≥100 mg/L

48h-LOEC > 100 mg/L

24h-EC50 > 100 mg/L

48h-EC50 > 100 mg/L

No toxicity at the limit of solubility in water.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L

Additional information

Determination of short term toxicity of Hatcol 1570 against Daphnia magna STRAUS according to OECD 202 resp. EU C.2

 

Findings and Results:

The study was performed as a limit test using one concentration at 100 mg/L. For this test concentration and the blank control, 20 daphnia were exposed to the test item for 48 hours in a static test system. After 24 and 48 hours, the immobilised daphnia were counted.

No toxicity was observed at the tested concentration as well as none of the animals was immobilised in the blank control.

 

The following results were determined for the test item Hatcol 1570 (species: Daphnia magna).

48h-NOEC≥100 mg/L

48h-LOEC > 100 mg/L

24h-EC50 > 100 mg/L

48h-EC50 > 100 mg/L