Nitrosodiphenylamine

Genetic toxicity: in vivo

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vivo mammalian cell study: DNA damage and/or repair

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Dose-response curves for liver DNA fragmentation induced in rats by sixteen N-nitroso compounds as measured by viscometric and alkaline elution analyses

Author:

Brambilla G, Carlo P, Finollo R, Sciaba L.

Year:

1987

Bibliographic source:

Cancer Research 47, 3485-3491, July 1

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

A new viscometric technique, capable of detecting DNA strand breaks and alkali-labile sites by monitoring time-dependent changes of DNA-reduced viscosity, has been used to analyse dose-response curves for the induction of DNA damage in liver of rats treated with single p.o. doses.
The contemporary measurement of liver DNA fragmentation by the alkaline elution technique revealed hat in the experimental conditions higher doses are needed to produce statistically significant increase of DNA elution rate. This suggests that the viscometric method is capable of detecting smaller levels of N-nitroso compound induced DNA fragmentation.

GLP compliance:

no

Type of assay:

other: DNA fragmentation

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Nitrosodiphenylamine

EC Number:

201-663-0

EC Name:

Nitrosodiphenylamine

Cas Number:

86-30-6

Molecular formula:

C12H10N2O

IUPAC Name:

N-nitroso-N-phenylaniline

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Abbreviation in the publication : NDPHA
molecular weight : 198.2 g/mol

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

male

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

- Weight at study initiation: 160-180g
- Assigned to test groups randomly: yes
- Fasting period before study: 12h

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

Nitrosodiphenylamine was suspended in distilled water with 1% carboxymethyl cellulose

Details on exposure:

A single dose was administered by gavage in 0.01 ml of vehicle/g of body weight.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

only one treatment

Frequency of treatment:

only one treatment

Post exposure period:

Rats were sacrified 3h after treatment.

Doses / concentrations

Dose / conc.:

540 mg/kg bw/day

Remarks:

corresponding of one-third of LD50

No. of animals per sex per dose:

Control groups : 20 rats
Treated groups : 3 rats

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Positive control(s):

no

Examinations

Tissues and cell types examined:

Liver cells

Details of tissue and slide preparation:

Liver cell nuclei of treated and control rats were obtained by liver perfusion, and analyzed viscometrically in alkaline conditions (pH 12.5) at high ionic strength (I = 1.08). The cells harvested with the procedure used were predominantly of the lobular prenchyma. The number of nuclei lysed in the circular channel of the viscometer ranged from 6 to 7 x 10^7.
Results are expressed as reduced viscosity that is the viscosity of DNA solution for conentration units of DNA, determined at the end of each experiment.
To obtain quantitative parameters, viscosity measurements were performed at 20 and 40-min intervals.

Results and discussion

Test results

Sex:

male

Genotoxicity:

negative

Toxicity:

no effects

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

not examined

Additional information on results:

Fragmentation of rat liver DNA :
DNA damage was absent in the liver of rats given 540 mg/kg of nitrodiphenylamine.
% DNA eluted from the filter : 19.2 +/-6.3
DNA elutation rate over controls : 0.0020

Effet of nitrosodiphenylamine on viscometric behavior of rat liver DNA :
The time required for DNA reduced viscosity to reach 95% = T95 = 1411 min +/-88 min
Reduced viscosity at 95% = 3.05 +/-0.11 (x10-2 dl/g)
Slope = 0.22 +/- 0.03 x 10-2

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

DNA damage was undetectable in liver of rats treated with 540 mg/kg of nitrosodiphenylamine, that exhibited a plateau effect.

Executive summary:

A new viscometric technique, capable of detecting DNA strand breaks and alkali-labile sites by monitoring time-dependent changes of DNA-reduced viscosity, has been used to analyse dose-response curves for the induction of DNA damage in liver of rats treated with single p.o. doses.

The contemporary measurement of liver DNA fragmentation by the alkaline elution technique revealed hat in the experimental conditions higher doses are needed to produce statistically significant increase of DNA elution rate. This suggests that the viscometric method is capable of detecting smaller levels of N-nitroso compound induced DNA fragmentation.

With both techniques, DNA damage was undetectable in liver of rats treated with 540 mg/kg of nitrosodiphenylamine, that exhibited a plateau effect.