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EC number: 205-055-6 | CAS number: 132-27-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Sediment toxicity
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- sediment toxicity: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 219 (Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Test Using Spiked Water)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on sediment and application:
- PREPARATION OF SPIKED WATER
A stock solution of nominal 112 mg/Lwas prepared by dissolving 56.0 mg of the test item in 500 mL of Elendt medium M4 (actual concentration: 112 mg/L). All further calculations of nominal concentrations are based on 112 mg/L. This stock solution was shaken for a few seconds and directly used thereafter. The test solutions for application of test item into the overlying water were obtained by diluting the stock solution with Elendt medium M4. From these test solutions an appropriate volume was added below the surface of the overlying water of each test vessel. The overlying water was carefully mixed immediately after spiking. For each replicate 20 mL were used for application. - Test organisms (species):
- Chironomus riparius
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: harlequin fly
- Source: in-house cultures, originally supplied by Aventis, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD):
- Age of animals at beginning of exposure: 1st instar larvae
- Feeding during test: yes
- Food type: TetraMin®-suspension
- Frequency: three times a week
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Type of sediment:
- artificial sediment
- Limit test:
- no
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Exposure phase:
- total exposure duration
- Hardness:
- 319.7 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 18.2 - 21.0 °C
- pH:
- 6.0 - 8.1
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 69 - 99%
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test substance concentrations: 4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25 mg/L in overlying water
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size): glass vessels, 10 cm in diameter and 15 cm in height
- Sediment volume: approximately 2 cm
- Weight of wet sediment with and without pore water:
- Overlying water volume: approximately 560 ml
- Aeration:gentle aeration during acclimation and exposure phase (except 24 hours after start of exposure)
- Replacement of evaporated test water, if any: periodic compensation of evaporated water
EXPOSURE REGIME
- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 20
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4
- No. of replicates per control / vehicle control: 4
- Feeding regime: three times a week (TetraMin®-suspension)
OVERLYING WATER CHARACTERISTCS
- Type of water (e.g. deionized, ground water, sea water, Elendt medium acc. to OECD 219): Elendt medium M4 was used as the overlying water.
CHARACTERIZATION OF (ARTIFICIAL; delete if not applicable) SEDIMENT
- % dry weight of sphagnum moss peat: 5 ± 0.5
- Particle size distribution
- % sand: 75 - 76
- % clay: 20 ± 1
- Total organic carbon (%): 2 ± 0.5
- Total inorganic carbon (%): 0.05 - 1 as CaCO3
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 light : 8 dark
- Light intensity: 648 Iux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : total number of adults emerged, and development time
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
The test organisms exposed to spiked water were affected at considerably lower concentrations (0 emergence at ~ 4 mg/L) than the larvae exposed to spiked sediment (0 emergence at 500 mg/kg). This indicated that the spiked overlying water may be the main exposure route for the test item. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1.85 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- emergence rate
- Remarks:
- and development rate
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3.35 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- emergence rate
- Endpoint:
- sediment toxicity: long-term
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- Please refer to analogue justification provided in IUCLID section 13
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1.85 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- emergence rate
- Remarks:
- and development rate
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3.35 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- emergence rate
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
NOEC (28 d): 12.84 mg a.i./ kg sed (read across)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10, LC10 or NOEC for freshwater sediment:
- 12.84 mg/kg sediment dw
Additional information
According to Annex VII of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 the generation of sediment data is not required. Data on the sediment toxicity was assessed to allow a realistic PNEC sediment derivation based on experimental data.
Data on the sediment toxicity of sodium 2-biphenylate (CAS 132-27-4) are not available. According to Annex XI, Item 1.5, of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 substances can be considered similar if their physicochemical, toxicological and ecotoxicological properties are likely to be similar or follow a regular pattern as a result of structural similarity. The source substance 2-phenylphenol (CAS 90-43-7) is the conjugate acid of sodium 2-biphenylate. Under environmentally relevant conditions sodium 2-biphenylate will dissociate on contact with water forming NaOH and 2-phenylphenol. The target and the source substance are expected to have a similar environmental fate and ecotoxicity profile due to the comparable physico-chemical properties of both substances. The target and the source substance are characterised by a low vapour pressure (1.2 and0.474 Pa at 20 °C respectively)and low adsorption potential (log Koc <3). The water solubility of the source substance Sodium 2-biphenylate is > 1000 g/L at pH 13.6 and 20 °C. However, as indicated by the measured dissociation constant for the substance (pKa(2-phenylphenol) = 9.5) Sodium 2-biphenylate will dissociate forming 2-phenylphenol under environmental relevant pH (pH 5 - 9). The measured water solubility of 2-phenylphenol ranged from 0.53 – 0.64 mg/L (pH 5-9 at 20°C). Further justification is given within in the analogue justification in IUCLID section 13.
The toxicity of 2-phenylphenol (CAS 90-43-7) to the sediment dwelling larvae ofChironimussp. was investigated according to OECD Guideline 219 in spiked water (Egeler & Gilberg, 2005).
Larvae (1stinstar) ofChironimussp. were exposed to nominal test substance concentrations of 4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25 mg/L in overlying water. ECx values could not be calculated since the inhibition of the development rate was not higher than 17% and 23% of the controls for females and males, respectively. The test item distributed from the overlying water to the sediment during the test period. The recoveries for the test item in water decreased throughout the test period. The average recovery of the initially measured test item concentration was 92.5 % of the nominal concentrations. A NOEC (28 d) of 1.85 mg a.i./L (meas. initial) was determined based on emergence and developmental rate. For PNEC derivation the NOEC value was extrapolated to result concentrations given in mg/kg sediment.
NOEC (28 d): 1.85 [mg a.i./L] (meas. initial)* Kp sed: 6.94 [L x
kg-1]
(Kpsed= Focsed * Koc)
Foc sed: Weight fraction of organic carbon in compartment sediment
= 0.02 [kg x kg-1]
Koc: Partition coefficient organic carbon-water = 347 [L x kg-1]
The resulting NOEC (28 d) of 12.84 mg a..i./ kg sediment was used for PNEC calculation.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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