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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 999
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- metabolism
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A study was performed to determine the P450 dependency of omega and omega-1-hydroxylation of various fatty acids, including lauric acid. The omega and omega-1-hydroxylations were determined by incubating microsomes (0.3 mg protein) in a mixture containing 100 uM fatty acid (0.5 uCi) in 0.12 M potassium phosphate with a pH of 7.4. HPLC was then used to determine the metabolites. Inhibition of the CYP2E1 enzyme by following a similar procedure, but adding 100 mM of DMSO and using 0.05 mM lauric acid. Anti-CYP2E1 and anti-CYP4A1 antibodies were also assayed.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: Aldrich-Sigma
RADIOLABELLING INFORMATION (if applicable)
- Specific activity: 50 mCi/mmol
- Locations of the label:1-14C - Radiolabelling:
- yes
Test animals
- Species:
- other: human, dog, rat, mouse, gerbil, hamster, monkey
- Strain:
- other: rat- SD, mouse - Swiss, hamster - mongolian, dog - beagle, monkey - cynomolgus
Administration / exposure
- Statistics:
- Correlation coefficients were calculated using an ANOVA table by the least-square regression analysis.
Results and discussion
Main ADME resultsopen allclose all
- Type:
- metabolism
- Results:
- Lauric acid was the most actively metabolized fatty acid regardless of species. All other fatty acids contained longer carbon chains.
- Type:
- metabolism
- Results:
- DMSO inhibited the omega-1-hydroxylation of lauric acid, but not the omega-hydroxylation of lauric acid, indicating lauric acid is metabolized by CYP2E1 by omega-1-hydroxylation.
- Type:
- metabolism
- Results:
- Anti-2E1 also significantly inhibited the omega-1-hydroxylation of lauric acid, but not the omega-hydroxylation, again indicating that lauric acid is metabolized by CYP2E1 via omega-1-hydroxylation.
- Type:
- metabolism
- Results:
- Anti-4A1 did not inhibit the omega-1-hydroxylation of lauric acid, but did significantly inhibit the omega hydroxylation of lauric acid. This indicates CYP4A1 is involved in omega-hydroxylation, but not omega-1-hydroxylation.
- Type:
- metabolism
- Results:
- omega-1-hydroxylation of lauric acid was significantly correlated with the levels of cytochrome P450 2E1 (r=0.94).
- Type:
- metabolism
- Results:
- omega-Hydroxylation of lauric acid was significantly correlated with the levels of cytochrome P450 4A1 (r=0.75).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
A study was performed to determine the P450 dependency of omega and omega-1-hydroxylation of various fatty acids, including lauric acid. The omega and omega-1-hydroxylations were determined by incubating microsomes (0.3 mg protein) in a mixture containing 100 uM fatty acid (0.5 uCi) in 0.12 M potassium phosphate with a pH of 7.4. HPLC was then used to determine the metabolites. Inhibition of the CYP2E1 enzyme by following a similar procedure, but adding 100 mM of DMSO and using 0.05 mM lauric acid. Anti-CYP2E1 and anti-CYP4A1 antibodies were also assayed. Results showed that omega-1-hydroxylation of lauric acid was significantly correlated with the levels of cytochrome P450 2E1 (r=0.94), and omega-hydroxylation of lauric acid was significantly correlated with the levels of cytochrome P450 4A1 (r=0.75).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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