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EC number: 250-391-9 | CAS number: 30925-07-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
No study with the target substance L-cystine dihydrochloride is available. However a study with L-cysteine hydrochloride is available and considered reliable. Since L-cysteine and L-cystine can be formed from one in the other, L-cysteine hydrochloride is considered to be a suitable source substance for read-across purpose..
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S)
No further information.
3. ANALOGUE APPROACH JUSTIFICATION
Experimental data for short term toxicity to Daphnia magna, are available for L-cysteine hydrochloride. The study was conducted according to OECD guideline 202. This GLP study is considered reliable and well documented. Under oxidative conditions two L-cysteine molecules form disulfide bonds and L-cystine is formed. In the available study both substances were analytical determined. Measurements showed that over time the concentration L-cysteine decreased and L-cystine increased. The result presents the combined toxicity of both substances. Therefore, the information of the available study is considered to be sufficient to cover the required endpoint information for the target substance L-cystine dihydrochloride. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 26.07.2016 to 01.08.2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- The four test vessels of the control and test item group with aged medium (24 h after preparation) were pooled before sampling. Samples were deep -frozen. Prior to analysis the samples were slowly thawed and analysed undiluted.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- A stock solution of 100 mg/L was freshly prepared by stirring the solution for 5 minutes with a magnatic stirrer.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna (Straus)
- Source: IBACON GmbH, Roßdorf, Germany
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): Less than 24 hours old
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: no - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- not specified
- Test temperature:
- 19.5 - 20.0°C
- pH:
- 7.53 - 7.83
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.97 - 8.07
- Salinity:
- not specified
- Conductivity:
- not specified
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 100 mg/L
Recoveries were above 95% and therefore endpoints are based on nominal concentration. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beaker
- Medium volume per beaker: at least 40 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Medium renewal: after 24 h
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light and 8 h darkness - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate, experimental phase: 27 – 29 April 2016
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Details on results:
- There was no immobilisation observed in twenty daphnies exposed to either test item treated or control group. In addition to immobility, no abnormal behaviour or appearence of the test animals was detected.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- 24h EC50: 1.00 mg/L (95 % confidence limits: 0.85 – 1.23 mg/L)
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No effects were observed therefore, no statistical evaluation was performed.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In this 48-hour semi-static acute toxicity limit test with Daphnia magna the effects of the test item on the mobility was determined. The 48-h EC50 value was determined to be > 100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the test item on the mobility, respectively survival of Daphnia magna in a semi-static test system. Young Daphnia were exposed in an immobilisation test to aqueous test media containing the test item at 100 mg/L. Twenty Daphnia, divided into four groups of five animals each were exposed to the test item concentration or run as control for 48 hours. The 48-h EC50 value was determined to be > 100 mg/L.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
The 48-h EC50 of the substance on Daphnia magna was determined to be > 100 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
No data for short-term (acute) toxicity for daphnia for the target substance L-cystine dihydrochloride were available. Therefore read across was performed.
In the acute immobilisation test (reference 6.1.3-1) with Daphnia magna (STRAUS), the effects of the source substance were determined according to OECD Guideline for testing of chemicals, Guideline No. 202, adopted 13th April 2004. The study was conducted in a semi-static system as a limit test over a period of 48 hours with a nominal concentration of > 100 mg/L. The validity criteria of the test guideline were fulfilled. The EC50 value (48 hours) was determined to be > 100 mg/L.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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