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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-174-8 | CAS number: 7440-65-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Short-term toxicity to fish:
An acute toxicity study on rainbow trout (Ablitt, 2018) demonstrated that yttrium metal did not cause any adverse effects in fish exposed to a saturated solution with a nominal loading rate of 100 mg/L (0.61 mg total dissolved Y/L (equivalent to 100% v/v saturated solution). Based on the results of this study, yttrium metal should not be considered as harmful to fish.
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:
As no data are available on yttrium metal, an analogy was made with the related substance yttrium oxide. Yttrium metal and yttrium oxide are both poorly water soluble substances, the results of the study performed with yttrium oxide is considered to be reliable for endpoint coverage.The read across study was assigned key status for endpoint coverage.
The study performed with this read across substance (Ablitt, 2017) did not observe any adverse effects in daphnids up to and including at the highest concentration tested, i.e. a 100% v/v saturated solution with nominal loading rate of 100 mg/L (equivalent to 0.465 mg Y/L and expressed as 0.523 mg/L yttrium oxide). Therefore, yttrium oxide is not harmful to aquatic invertebrates up to its solubility limit into water. Consequently, by analogy with yttrium oxide, yttium metal is considered not to be harmful to aquatic invertebrates.
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:
For algae, all available data for both water soluble, sparingly soluble, and insoluble rare earth compounds have been summarised and thoroughly evaluated in the document attached to IUCLID Section 13. In this expert statement, it is concluded that there is no scientific added value in the performance of further algal growth inhibition studies with rare earth compounds. For insoluble and sparingly soluble rare earth compounds, EC50 values (loading rate-based) were consistently > 100 mg/L (or > 100% v/v of a saturated solution with nominal loading rate 100 mg/L). Based on this information, yttrium metal can be concluded not to be harmful to algae either.
Toxicity to aquatic microorganisms:
Finally, based on water solubility and exposure considerations, it is considered very unlikely that yttrium metal would be hazardous to aquatic microorganisms and/or pose risks for adverse effects to occur in microorganisms in biological sewage treatment plants. Therefore, it was considered not necessary to perform an activated sludge respiration inhibition test with yttrium metal.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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