Sodium cumenesulphonate

Repeated dose toxicity: oral

Administrative data

Endpoint:

sub-chronic toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1968

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 408 (Repeated Dose 90-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

20 CD rats per sex per dose level were exposed to sodium cumene sulfonate at 0, 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5% in the diet. Mean administered doses were 0, 2.6, 26 and 270 mg/kg bw for males and 0, 3.6, 36 and 375 mg/kg bw for females. Taking into account the content of active ingredient, 42.3%, these doses equate to 1.1, 11 and 114 mg a.i./kg bw and 1.5, 15 ad 159 mg a.i./kg bw, respectively. Endpoints were mortality, body and organ weight, food consumption, haematology, and histopathology.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Sodium cumenesulphonate

EC Number:

248-983-7

EC Name:

Sodium cumenesulphonate

Cas Number:

28348-53-0

Molecular formula:

C9H12O3S.Na

IUPAC Name:

sodium cumenesulphonate

Test material form:

solid

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Test Substance
CAS Number: 28348-53-0
Identity: Cumene sulfonic acid, sodium salt
Purity: 42.3%
Remarks: Substances tested are aqueous solutions; % purity equates to chemical content

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Crj: CD(SD)

Details on species / strain selection:

20 CD rats per sex per dose level were exposed to sodium cumene sulfonate at 0, 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5% in the diet

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
-CD rats
- Age at study initiation: newly weaned
- Weight at study initiation: 41-60 g
- Fasting period before study: no data
- Housing: metal wire screen cages (5 to a cage)
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: no data


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 24 degrees centigrade
- Humidity (%): no data
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): no data

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: feed

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on oral exposure:

20 CD rats per sex per dose level were exposed to sodium cumene sulfonate at 0, 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5% in the diet. Mean administered doses were 0, 2.6, 26 and 270 mg/kg bw for males and 0, 3.6, 36 and 375 mg/kg bw for females. Taking into account the content of active ingredient, 42.3%, these doses equate to 1.1, 11 and 114 mg a.i./kg bw and 1.5, 15 ad 159 mg a.i./kg bw, respectively. Endpoints were mortality, body and organ weight, food consumption, haematology, and histopathology.

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

not specified

Duration of treatment / exposure:

13 weeks

Frequency of treatment:

in ad libitum diet

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
0, 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5 % in diet

No. of animals per sex per dose:

20 per sex per dose group

Control animals:

yes

Details on study design:

20 CD rats per sex per dose level were exposed to sodium cumene sulfonate at 0, 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5% in the diet. Mean administered doses were 0, 2.6, 26 and 270 mg/kg bw for males and 0, 3.6, 36 and 375 mg/kg bw for females. Taking into account the content of active ingredient, 42.3%, these doses equate to 1.1, 11 and 114 mg a.i./kg bw and 1.5, 15 ad 159 mg a.i./kg bw, respectively.

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Observations: general appearance and behaviour
- Time schedule: no data


DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: No data


BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: weekly


FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study):
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: Yes
- Compound intake calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No


FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: Yes


WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if drinking water study): Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: weekly for the first week only


OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No


HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: week 6 and week 12
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: No data
- Animals fasted: No
- How many animals: 10 males and 10 females from each dose group

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: terminally
- Animals fasted: No data
- How many animals: 10 males and 10 females from each dose group


URINALYSIS: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of urine: urinalysis from pooled samples from 10 males and 10 females from each dose group in 7th week.
- Metabolism cages used for collection of urine: No data
- Animals fasted: No data


NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No


OTHER: kidney funcion from samples of 10 males and 10 females in 13th week. Serum protein electrophoresis of 10 males and 10 females of control and high dose groups at 13 weeks. Liver enzyme activity at termination.

Sacrifice and pathology:

GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:

no effects observed

Mortality:

no mortality observed

Body weight and weight changes:

no effects observed

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

no effects observed

Food efficiency:

no effects observed

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

no effects observed

Ophthalmological findings:

not examined

Haematological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Clinical biochemistry findings:

no effects observed

Urinalysis findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Behaviour (functional findings):

no effects observed

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

effects observed, treatment-related

Gross pathological findings:

no effects observed

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

effects observed, treatment-related

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

not specified

Details on results:

20 CD rats per sex per dose level were exposed to sodium cumene sulfonate at 0, 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5% in the diet. Mean administered doses were 0, 2.6, 26 and 270 mg/kg bw for males and 0, 3.6, 36 and 375 mg/kg bw for females. Taking into account the content of active ingredient, 42.3%, these doses equate to 1.1, 11 and 114 mg a.i./kg bw and 1.5, 15 ad 159 mg a.i./kg bw, respectively. Endpoints were mortality, body and organ weight, food consumption, haematology, and histopathology. No treatment related effects were observed in males at up to the highest dose (114 mg a.i./kg bw). The only effect observed was an 11.7% decrease in body weight gain in females at the highest dose (159 mg a.i./kg bw). The study report stated that this decrease in body weight gain was within the established ranges for animals of this species and age and was therefore not considered an adverse effect by the authors. The feed efficiency of the high dose females was statistically higher than the controls. The decrease in body weight gain of the high dose females was not associated with any histopathologic or other effects. In light of the palatability issues seen in the previously discussed study, this slight decrease in body weight gain may be explained as a palatability effect Also, the intervals between the dose levels in this study are large (factor of 10), while OECD 408 prefers 2-4 fold intervals and prefers an additional group if the factors are > 6-10. A NOAEL for sodium cumene sulfonate is therefore >114 mg a.i./kg bw for males and >159 mg a.i./kg bw in females if the slight decrease in body weight gain is not considered toxicologically significant.

Effect levels

1

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

> 114 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)

Based on:

act. ingr.

Sex:

male

Basis for effect level:

body weight and weight gain

clinical signs

2

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

> 159 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)

Based on:

act. ingr.

Sex:

female

Basis for effect level:

body weight and weight gain

clinical signs

Target system / organ toxicity

Critical effects observed:

not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

A NOAEL for sodium cumene sulfonate is >114 mg a.i./kg bw for males and >159 mg a.i./kg bw in females if the slight decrease in body weight gain is not considered toxicologically significant.

Executive summary:

20 CD rats per sex per dose level were exposed to sodium cumene sulfonate at 0, 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5% in the diet. Mean administered doses were 0, 2.6, 26 and 270 mg/kg bw for males and 0, 3.6, 36 and 375 mg/kg bw for females. Taking into account the content of active ingredient, 42.3%, these doses equate to 1.1, 11 and 114 mg a.i./kg bw and 1.5, 15 ad 159 mg a.i./kg bw, respectively. Endpoints were mortality, body and organ weight, food consumption, haematology, and histopathology. No treatment related effects were observed in males at up to the highest dose (114 mg a.i./kg bw). The only effect observed was an 11.7% decrease in body weight gain in females at the highest dose (159 mg a.i./kg bw). The study report stated that this decrease in body weight gain was within the established ranges for animals of this species and age and was therefore not considered an adverse effect by the authors. The feed efficiency of the high dose females was statistically higher than the controls. The decrease in body weight gain of the high dose females was not associated with any histopathologic or other effects. In light of the palatability issues seen in the previously discussed study, this slight decrease in body weight gain may be explained as a palatability effect Also, the intervals between the dose levels in this study are large (factor of 10), while OECD 408 prefers 2-4 fold intervals and prefers an additional group if the factors are > 6-10. A NOAEL for sodium cumene sulfonate is therefore >114 mg a.i./kg bw for males and >159 mg a.i./kg bw in females if the slight decrease in body weight gain is not considered toxicologically significant.