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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 936-276-2 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- meets generally accepted scientific standards, well documented and acceptable for hazard assessmentRead-across justification:Based on the mineralogical composition, lead is the main constituent in the target substance and appears in sulphate form in the substance. The target substance is a solid inorganic UVCB substance and insoluble in water. Therefore, the environmental hazard assessment and classification is based on the results of the transformation/dissolution study (OECD guidance 29) conducted for the target substance. According to the T/D study results, the readily soluble constituent is lead. Based on the hazard profile of lead it is also the most hazardous constituent of this substance. Therefore, the read-across data focuses on the properties of lead, and the ERV values and the environmental fate properties are collected from the lead and its bioavailable compounds.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 004
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Application method:
- soil
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Lead dichloride
- EC Number:
- 231-845-5
- EC Name:
- Lead dichloride
- Cas Number:
- 7758-95-4
- Molecular formula:
- Cl2Pb
- IUPAC Name:
- lead dichloride
- Reference substance name:
- 007758-95-4
- Cas Number:
- 007758-95-4
- IUPAC Name:
- 007758-95-4
- Details on test material:
- Test material of > 98% purity obtained from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
Test substrate
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- PbCl2 solution was mixed into the soil.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Folsomia candida
- Animal group:
- Collembola (soil-dwelling springtail)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM- Folsomia candida Willem 1902- Common name: Springtail- Source: culture originated from arable land at an experimental farm, The Lovinckhoeve at Marknesse, The Netherlands. Animals were cultured in laboratory at 16 +- 1 °C, under 12:12h light:dark regime, in plastic containers with a layer of moist plaster of Paris mixed with activated charcoal (9:1 w/w) and are fed with dried baker's yeast (Oetker, Veenendaal, The Netherlands).- Age at test initiation (mean and range, SD): juveniles of 10-12 daysACCLIMATION- Acclimation period: no data
Study design
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 4 wk
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 20 +- 0.1 °C
- pH (if soil or dung study):
- 6.1 (in 0.01 M CaCl2)
- Humidity:
- 75% relative humidity
- Photoperiod and lighting:
- 12h:12h light:dark cycle
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM- Test container (material, size): 100 ml glass jars- Amount of soil or substrate: 30 g- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 10- No. of replicates per treatment group: 5 replicatesSOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)- soil type: natural standard soil (Landwirtschaftliche Untersuchungs- und ForschungsAnsalt, LUFA 2.2) was obtained from LUFA institute at Speyer, Germany.- Soil texture (if natural soil): no data- Organic carbon (%): 2.27- CEC: 9 meq/100g- Maximum water holding capacity (in % wet weight): 48%- Pretreatment of soil: after metal amendment, the soil was left for three weeks at room temperature to equilibrate. Half of the soil was leached with deionized water (two times the amount of water present in the soil), dried to a moisture content of 24% and left to equilibrate for one more week.EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : mortality and reproduction of F. candida: after exposure, the contents of the jars were washed into a glass beaker using 100ml of deionized water. The mixture was gently stirred to let all living animals float on the water surface. Surviving animas were counted by eye and the number of juveniles was counted on color slide of the water surface.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal added test concentrations: 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 mg Pb/kg soil dw
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 4 wk
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 1 300 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Pb
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: -640 - 3200 mg Pb/kg dw
- Details on results:
- Duration Endpoint Effect conc. nominal/measured Conc. based on Basis for effect Remarks (mg Pb/kg soil dw )4 wk EC10 1600 measured element Pb reproduction percolation4 wk LC50 2900 measured element Pb mortality no percolation4 wk LC50 2900 measured element Pb mortality percolationconcentrations were calculated based on measured values
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The logistic model of Haanstra et al. (1985), modified according to Van Bummelen et al. (1996) was used to estimated EC10 and EC50 using measured Pb concentrations in soil. The trimmed Spearman-Karber method was used to estimate the median LC50
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Reliable study; EC10 values for reproduction in unpercolated soil used for PNEC derivation. Results for mortality and for percolated soils are presented as supporting information.
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