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EC number: 200-662-2 | CAS number: 67-64-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
- Type of information:
- other: clinical data from cases of acute human intoxication
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Information from handbook with comprehensive summary of data, from collections of data for asessment of health effects and from original publication; information acceptable for weight of evidence approach
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Acetone
- Author:
- Morgott DA
- Year:
- 2 001
- Bibliographic source:
- Binggham E (Ed) Patty's toxicology: hydrocarbons, organic nitrogen compounds. Volume 6, Chapter 74. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 5th edition; pages 1-116
- Reference Type:
- other: Collection of data for toxicological assessment
- Title:
- Environmental Health Criteria for Acetone
- Author:
- WHO
- Year:
- 1 998
- Bibliographic source:
- Environmental Health Criteria 207: 1-159
- Reference Type:
- other: assessment of health effects
- Title:
- Acetone (CAS No: 67-64-1)
- Author:
- OECD
- Year:
- 1 999
- Bibliographic source:
- SIDS International Assessment Report (SIAR) for the 9th SIAM, pages 1-118
- Reference Type:
- other: assessment of health effects
- Title:
- Acetone (CAS No. 67-64-1). VCCEP Submission
- Author:
- American Chemistry Council Acetone Panel
- Year:
- 2 003
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- other: accidental or intentional overexposure
- Endpoint addressed:
- acute toxicity: oral
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- acute toxicity: dermal
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Acetone
- EC Number:
- 200-662-2
- EC Name:
- Acetone
- Cas Number:
- 67-64-1
- Molecular formula:
- C3H6O
- IUPAC Name:
- propan-2-one
Constituent 1
Method
- Type of population:
- general
- Route of exposure:
- dermal
- inhalation
- oral
- Details on exposure:
- For the development of any overt signs of acetone-induced toxicity accidental exposures to extremely large amounts of acetone are necessary:
Iatrogenic cases: Patients fitted with a synthetic cast material experienced acute acetone intoxication via inhalational or dermal uptake.
Occupational accidents with inhalational exposures up to 12,000 ppm, and in the range of 330-496 ppm ( with concomittant exposure to 398-561 ppm methylethylketone)
Most severe cases occurred after ingestion of acetone due to attempted suicide (e.g. 200 ml of pure acetone) or accidental ingestion of e.g. nail polish remover by children. Extremely high blood acetone levels of up to 3,900 mg/L and 4,500 mg/L were found in adults and a child, respectively.
Results and discussion
- Clinical signs:
- Unspecific symptoms: unconsciousness, coma, drowsiness, vomiting, hematemesis, acetonuria, glycosuria, tachycardia, labored breathing, seizures, throat irritation.
No fatalities have ever been documented. - Results of examinations:
- Among 1000 to 1500 cases of poisoning per year (United States from 1988 to 1997), mainly with ingestion of pure acetone, no fatalities occurred, occasional minor organ damage, as e.g. mild functional renal insufficiency, low potential for causing chronic or delayed health effects; nonspecific local and systemic effects with respiratory tract irritation as most sensitive indicator of acetone overexposure, most noticeable systemic effect generalized central nervous system depression ranging from light-headedness to narcosis
Any other information on results incl. tables
About 1000 to 1500 incidents of human acetone poisoning per year were listed throughout the United States in the years 1988 to 1997 which were mainly due to ingestion of pure acetone. About 30 % of the cases required treatment in a health-care facility. No fatalities occurred.
Minor organ damage, as e.g. mild functional renal insufficiency, was occasionally reported in cases of acetone-induced narcosis, and was likely to oxygen deprivation and tissue hypoxia. Acetone has a low potential for causing chronic or delayed health effects following an acute exposure.
Hyperglycemia is characteristically observed in severe acetone intoxication, as a portion of the absorbed dose is metabolized to glucose.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Following acute overexposure acetone toxicity is characterized by nonspecific local and systemic effects. No cases of fatality are known and acetone has a low potential for causing chronic or delayed health effects.
- Executive summary:
The experience with human cases of acetone intoxication has been compiled in several health assessments and reviews (American Chemistry Council Acetone Panel, 2003; Morgott, 2001; OECD, 1999; WHO, 1998).
For the development of any overt signs of acetone-induced toxicity accidental exposures to extremely large amounts of acetone by inhalation of vapour or ingestion of liquid are necessary (e.g. several thousand ppm of acetone vapour, or ingestion resulting in acetone blood levels up to several thousand mg/L). Acetone toxicity in humans is characterized by nonspecific local and systemic effects. Respiratory tract irritation is the most sensitive indicator of acetone overexposure. The most noticeable systemic effect is a generalized central nervous system depression, which can range from light-headedness to narcosis, depending on the magnitude and length of the exposure, and the ability of acetone to disrupt normal intermediary metabolism. Due to its lack of specifity the clinical picture of acetone intoxication in humans can be easily confused with other medical conditions, such as diabetes and nonspecific mixed-solvent-induced narcosis, including symptoms as unconsciousness, coma, drowsiness, vomiting, hematemesis, hyperglycemia, acetonuria, glycosuria, tachycardia, labored breathing, seizures, and throat irritation. Based on an extensive experience with cases of acetone poisoning (e.g. 1000 to 1500 incidents per year listed throughout the United States in1988-1997), no cases of fatality are known and acetone has a low potential for causing chronic or delayed health effects. Minor organ damage, as e.g. mild functional renal insufficiency, was occasionally reported in cases of acetone-induced narcosis, and was likely to oxygen deprivation and tissue hypoxia.
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