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EC number: 214-254-7 | CAS number: 1117-86-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Fully adequate for assessment: According to international guideline(s); GLP-compliant with the exception of the analytical measurements; performed in recognized contract research organization; deemed scientifically acceptable based on results.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- ; 2006
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 8692 (Water Quality - Fresh Water Algal Growth Inhibition Test with Scenedesmus subspicatus and Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Version / remarks:
- ; 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- except TOC analyses
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: test start: stock solution (250 mg/L); test end: 200, 100 and 50 mg/L (without algae)
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: samples were stored frozen. - Details on test solutions:
- A stock solution of 250 mg/L was prepared in test medium. The stock solution was stirred at approx. 35°C for 2 hours. The stock solution was used for preparing a dilution series of the test material in the test medium.
Increased temperature and stirring was applied since the results from a first test indicated incomplete dissolution of the test material in the test medium. - Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: NIVA CHL 1 - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Hardness:
- according to the test guidelines (no inividual values reported)
- Test temperature:
- 23.1 ± 0.1 °C
- pH:
- The pH in the control flasks did not vary more than 1.5 units during the test (no inividual values reported).
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: stock solution: 250 mg/L; test concentrations: 2.0, 5.0, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L
measured:
- stock solution: 76% of nominal
- test start: 76% of nominal
- test end: 81-86% of nominal
For details see Table 2 - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 250 mL wide neck glass flasks, fill volume 100 mL
- Aeration: continuous shaking (approx. 120 RPM)
- Initial cells density: approx. 6000 cells/mL (corresponding to 10 fluorescence units (FU))
- Control end cells density: >1000 FU
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3 flasks at each each concentartion with test substance and algae
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6 flasks with algae but no test substance
- No. of vessels for analytical monitoring (replicates): 1 flask at each concentration with test substance but no algae
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: constant illumination
- Light intensity and quality: approx. 3.5-7 x 10E15 quanta x cm-2 x sec-1; provided from a panel of fluorescence light
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations:
- at test start: particle counter and in vivo fluorescence in the control mixture
- after 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation: in vivo fluorescence in the triplicate test flasks and the six controls
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.0-2.5 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromat
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 35 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- other: total organic carbon (TOC)
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% confidence limits not calculable
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 17 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- other: total organic carbon (TOC)
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% confidence limits not calculable
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 15 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- other: total organic carbon (TOC)
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50: 0.91 mg/L, 95% confidence limts 0.77-1.08 mg/L (in line with the results obtained in an international ring test in 1981 (ISO 8692, 2004): 1.12 mg/L, 95% confidence limts 0.62-1.73 mg/L) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC values wer calculated by use of the computer program TOXEDO, ver. 1.5; VKI 1999.
The NOEC was estimated by use of variance analysis according to Dunnett's procedure. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- ISO 8692: control growth rate >1.4/day, variation coefficient of control growth rates <5%, variation of pH in control flasks <1.5 units
Reference
Table 1 Inhibition of growth
Nominal concentration (initially measured) |
Replicate |
Growth rate (h-1) |
% Inhibition |
2* (-) |
R1 |
0.077 |
4 |
2* (-) |
R2 |
0.079 |
1 |
2* (-) |
R3 |
0.085 |
0 |
5 (-) |
R1 |
0.081 |
0 |
5 (-) |
R2 |
0.081 |
0 |
5* (-) |
R3 |
0.079 |
1 |
10 (-) |
R1 |
0.080 |
0 |
10 (-) |
R2 |
0.083 |
0 |
10 (-) |
R3 |
0.082 |
0 |
20 (-) |
R1 |
0.078 |
2 |
20 (-) |
R2 |
0.080 |
0 |
20 (-) |
R3 |
0.082 |
0 |
50 (38) |
R1 |
0.009 |
89 |
50 (38) |
R2 |
0.060 |
25 |
50 (38) |
R3 |
0.043 |
46 |
100 (76) |
R1 |
0.055 |
31 |
100 (76) |
R2 |
0.000 |
100 |
100 (76) |
R3 |
0.000 |
100 |
200 (152) |
R1 |
0.000 |
100 |
200 (152) |
R2 |
0.000 |
100 |
200 (152) |
R3 |
0.000 |
100 |
* This results was not included in the statistical calculation of the EC values
(-): not analysed
In the study, the total organic carbon content (TOC) has been measured in the stock solution at test start and in the three highest test solutions showing an effect at test end. The results of the chemical analysis have been reported as mg TOC/L (the start concentrations of the test solutions have been calculated based on the measured TOC of the stock solution). The TOC values measured in the test solutions at test end were in the range of 107-113% of the initial values. Based on this stability determination, in the report the endpoints are reported on the basis of the nominal concentrations of the test material. Actual test material concentrations have not been calculated based on the carbon content of the test material (calculated to be 0.657 mg C/mg chemical).
However, when calculating the TOC of the test solutions based on the carbon content of the test material it is evident that only 76% of the expected TOC was determined in the stock solution (see Table 2).
For the risk assessment the endpoints EC50, EC10 and NOEC as presented in the report have been recalculated based on the recalculated initial test material concentrations presented in Table 2.
The lower content measured in the stock solution together with the slightly higher values measured at test end indicate that the test material has not been completely dissolved (although increased temperature and prolonged stirring has been applied).
Table 2 Analytical results
Nominal conc. |
Test start |
|
|
Test end |
|
|
|
TOC |
Test substance conc.* |
% of nominal |
TOC |
Test substance conc.** |
% of nominal |
Stability (%) |
|
(mg/L) |
(mg/L) |
(mg/L) |
|
(mg/L) |
(mg/L) |
|
|
50 |
- |
38 |
76 |
27 |
41 |
81 |
107 |
100 |
- |
76 |
76 |
57 |
86 |
86 |
113 |
200 |
- |
152 |
76 |
110 |
167 |
84 |
109 |
250*** |
125 |
190 |
76 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
*: Calculated based on the carbon content of the test material (0.657 g C/g chemical) and on the TOC as measured in the stock solution.
**: Calculated based on the carbon content of the test material (0.657 g C/g chemical) and on the TOC as measured in the test solutions.
***: stock solution
-: not analysed/not applicable
Description of key information
effect values for growth rates of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, 0-72 h, based on initial measured concentrations (OECD 201, EU C.3):
EC50: 35 mg/L, NOEC: 15 mg/L, EC10: 17 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 35 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.