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EC number: 202-710-8 | CAS number: 98-88-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From third of September to twenty seventh of September 1996
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study. No restrictions or deviations to the guideline observed
- Justification for type of information:
- Study was equivalent to a LLNA study and followed the OECD guideline 406. GLP guideline study. No restrictions or deviations to the guideline observed
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 997
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- The study was performed accordingly to OECD 406.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzoyl chloride
- EC Number:
- 202-710-8
- EC Name:
- Benzoyl chloride
- Cas Number:
- 98-88-4
- Molecular formula:
- C7H5ClO
- IUPAC Name:
- benzoyl chloride
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): benzoyl chloride - CAL 5565/96
- Physical state: colourless liquid
- Analytical purity: 99.97 %
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): benzyl chloride 0.01 % and benzl chloride 0.01 %
- Composition of test material, percentage of components:
- Isomers composition:
- Purity test date: 1996.07.02
- Lot/batch No.: batch C 650
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: July 1997
- Stability under test conditions:
- Storage condition of test material: in dark at room temperature
No other data
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Hartley
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River, St-Aubin-Les-Elbeuf, France
- Weight at study initiation: between 313 and 408 grams
- Housing: in individual propylene cage
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): complete pelleted diet UAR 106
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
According to OECD standards
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 1996.09.03 To: 1996.09.27
No further information
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Inductionopen allclose all
- Route:
- intradermal and epicutaneous
- Vehicle:
- other: mineral oil
- Concentration / amount:
- The concentration of test substance up to 5 % of allergen used for each induction exposure has been well-tolerated systemically and was the highest non-irritant dose. This appropriate concentration was determined from a pilot study using three FCA pre-treated animals.
Challengeopen allclose all
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: mineral oil
- Concentration / amount:
- The concentration of test substance up to 5 % of allergen used for each induction exposure has been well-tolerated systemically and was the highest non-irritant dose. This appropriate concentration was determined from a pilot study using three FCA pre-treated animals.
- No. of animals per dose:
- 20 animals for the dosed group and 10 for the control group
- Details on study design:
- The study was performed accordingly to OECD 406.
Olive oil (Cooper - batch 12616-81722) and/or mineral oil (Sigma - batch 85H 1102) were chosen as the vehicles for benzoyl chloride depending the concentration wanted.
The maximal non irritant concentration was established in a range finding study accordingly to the OECD 406 study design on three extra guinea-pigs. - Challenge controls:
- Performed accrodingly to OECD 406 with olive oil and/or mineral oil as the vehicles
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 2-mercapto benzothiazole
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- Highly sensitizing for guinea pig female, 70 % of reactive animals at the reading 48 hours - class 4 when it was used diluted at 5 % and 2 % with mineral oil
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 0
- No. with + reactions:
- 3
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- Weight growth satisfactory and no mortality observed
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: 0. No with. + reactions: 3.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: Weight growth satisfactory and no mortality observed.
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 5 % and 2 % benzoyl chloride
- No. with + reactions:
- 18
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- Weight growth satisfactory and no mortality observed
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 5 % and 2 % benzoyl chloride. No with. + reactions: 18.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: Weight growth satisfactory and no mortality observed.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 0
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- Weight growth satisfactory and no mortality observed
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: 0. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: Weight growth satisfactory and no mortality observed.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 5 % and 2 % benzoyl chloride
- No. with + reactions:
- 19
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- Weight growth satisfactory and no mortality observed
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 5 % and 2 % benzoyl chloride. No with. + reactions: 19.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: Weight growth satisfactory and no mortality observed.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- sensitising
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
- Conclusions:
- In the test conditions, the authors established that benzoyl chloride should be considered as sensitizing by contact with the skin to female Guinea-pigs according to the criteria of the EU directive 67/548/EEC since 90 % of the test animals exhibited skin sensitization responses.
- Executive summary:
In this study, the authors tested the sensitizing potential to the skin of benzoyl chloride (CAS n° 98 -88 -4) on Guinea pigs (Hartley) in a maximization tests according to the OCED guideline n°406 in a GLP compliant laboratory. The tested animals weighed between 313 and 408 grams initially. Benzoyl chloride skin sensitizing potential was tested at 2 and 5 % after a determination of the maximal non irritant concentration to the skin on three FCA pre-treated animals. No deviations or restrictions to the OECD guideline are noted. All observations and determinations were performed accordingly to the OECD guideline.
Hence, in the test conditions, the general state of health of all guinea-pigs remained satisfactory throughout the study period. The weight gain was normal and no mortality was observed. For the challenge exposure, benzoyl chloride diluted at 5 % and 2 % with mineral oil were retained from the range finding study.
Furthermore, in the control group, 24 hours after the patch removal, a slight cutaneous reaction reversible in less than 24 hours was noted in three and two animals respectively. For the tested group, the application of benzoylchloride induced the formation of a slight to well defined eryhtemae in 90 % of the animals. This reaction persisted 48 hours after patch removal.
Thus, in the test conditions, benzoyl chloride should be considered as sensitizing by contact with the skin according to the criteria of the EU directive 67/548/EEC since 90 % of the test animals exhibited skin sensitization responses.
This study is fully compliant to the OECD requirements and well described. This study is then considered as reliable without restrictions.
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