Fatty acids, tall-oil, reaction products with acrylic acid

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: U.S.T.C. procedure PRO/ALGAE 224-7 outlined with reference to the test method in CFR 40, Part 797.1050 "Algal Acute Toxicity Tests"

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not relevant

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not relevant

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 32, 63, 125, 250 and 500 mg/l
- Sampling method: Two sets of the test concentrations (without inoculum), along with a blank media control, were analyzed for initial SOC. One set was incubated under the test conditions and the other was refrigerated at 4°C. The SOC was then analyzed again at "96 hours".

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION:
- Method: Both marine and freshwater media are prepared with distilled water in non-metallic containers and reconstituted with known nutrients, salts and trace elements. Stock culture maintenance media is sterilized before use. Test media is generally sterilized by filtration (<0.45) micron), although some media may be autoclaved. Sufficient media may be prepared in advance and stored refrigerated. Certain nutrients and enrichments, kept separate and sterile, may be added just before use if the formulation requires.
- Controls: Yes

Test organisms (species):

Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Selenastrum capricornutum
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): USTC Stock Culture, origin EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Age of inoculum: 4 - 5 days
- Method of cultivation: For routine propagation, algal cultures are incubated at 20 +/- 2°C under 400 + 50 ft. candles, using a 16 hour-light.: 8 hour-dark photoperiod. The cultures are manually shaken periodically. Stocks are subcultured on a regular basis, at 1 to 4. week intervals.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

Not relevant

Hardness:

50 mg/l CaCO3

Test temperature:

24 +/- 2ºC

pH:

7.1 - 7.4

Dissolved oxygen:

No data

Salinity:

Not relevant

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 32, 63, 125, 250 and 500 mg/l (17, 33, 65, 130, 260 TOC)
Measured (t=0h): 18, 40, 45, 123 and 240 TOC (106, 121, 69, 95 and 92% of nominal)
Measured (t=96h, preserved at 4°C): 3, 23, 42, 89 and 245 TOC (17, 58, 93, 72 and 102% of nominal)
Measured (t=96h, light, 24°C): 1, 5, 37, 87 and 242 TOC (6, 13, 82, 71 and 101% of nominal)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flask
- Type: closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: borosilicate glass, 125 ml
- Aeration: Aeration by mixing test solutions to saturation prior to test, no aerration during test
- Initial cells density: 10,000 cells/ml
- Control end cells density:
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3

GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes, OECD/EPA formulations, low metals

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: distilled water
- Alkalinity: 30 mg/l CaCO3
- Conductivity: 130 umhos
- Culture medium different from test medium: yes
- Intervals of water quality measurement: temperature daily, pH at start and end of experiment

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: yes
- Photoperiod: 16h light, 8h dark
- Light intensity and quality: fluorescent, 400 to 450 ft candles

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: hemocytometer

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

62.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: 95%CL: 54.2 - 71.8 mg/l, initial measured concentrations in line with nominal concentrations

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

87.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: 95%CL: 54.5 - 137.4 mg/l, initial measured concentrations in line with nominal concentrations

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

18.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: Initial measured concentrations in line with nominal concentrations

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

39.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: Initial measured concentrations in line with nominal concentrations

Details on results:

- Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Not relevant

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Probit analysis by EPA computer program.

For detailed results, see attached file "Results.doc".

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

>16x increase in controls, growth rates meet validity criteria

Conclusions:

The acute toxicity (72h-EC50) of Diacid 1550 potassium salt towards Selenastrum capricornutum is 62.9 mg/l.

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of Diacid 1550 potassium salt towards Selenastrum capricornutum was investigated according to U.S.T.C. procedure PRO/ALGAE 224-7 outlined with reference to the test method in CFR 40, Part 797.1050 "Algal Acute Toxicity Tests" under GLP. Algal cells were exposed to nominal concentrations of 32, 63, 125, 250 and 500 mg/l and were observed for 96 hours. Based on the nominal concentrations the 72h-EC10, 96h-EC10, 72h-EC50 and 96h-EC50 were found to be 18.5, 39.9, 62.9 and 87.6 mg/l respectively.

Description of key information

72h-EC50 Selenastrum capricornutum: 62.9 mg/l (based on nominal concentrations, U.S.T.C. procedure PRO/ALGAE 224-7 outlined with reference to the test method in CFR 40, Part 797.1050 "Algal Acute Toxicity Tests", GLP, reliability 2)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:

62.9 mg/L

EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:

18.5 mg/L

Additional information

The acute toxicity of Diacid 1550 potassium salt towards Selenastrum capricornutum was investigated according to U.S.T.C. procedure PRO/ALGAE 224-7 outlined with reference to the test method in CFR 40, Part 797.1050 "Algal Acute Toxicity Tests" under GLP. Algal cells were exposed to nominal concentrations of 32, 63, 125, 250 and 500 mg/l and were observed for 96 hours. Based on the nominal concentrations the 72h-EC10, 96h-EC10, 72h-EC50 and 96h-EC50 were found to be 18.5, 39.9, 62.9 and 87.6 mg/l respectively.