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EC number: 936-276-2 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Sediment toxicity
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
According to transformation/dissolution study (OECD guidance 29) conducted for the substance, the most critical constituents leachable to water from this UVCB substance are lead and zinc compounds. Therefore, the chemical safety assessment focuses on the properties of constituents and the key values for CSA are selected based on the read-across data on the most bioavailable compounds of Pb and Zn.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10, LC10 or NOEC for freshwater sediment:
- 573 mg/kg sediment dw
- EC10, LC10 or NOEC for marine water sediment:
- 680 mg/kg sediment dw
Additional information
The environmental hazard assessment was conducted based on the most critical constituents of the substance. This substance is an inorganic UVCB substance and can be described as a moist solid powder which is insoluble to water. Therefore, the transformation/dissolution study (OECD guidance 29) was conducted for the substance and the results of this study were used for the chemical safety assessment.
According to the chemical composition analysis, the main phases of the substance are lead sulphate and zinc sulphide. The product consists primarily of sulphur (ca. 35 %), lead (ca. 25 %) and zinc (ca. 17 %) together with minor trace elements such as silver, silicon, aluminium, calcium and iron.
According to T/D study results, the most soluble and critical components of this substance are lead and zinc. Furthermore, both lead and zinc also have adsorption potential to sediments and therefore they can be regarded as important for this endoint. The partition coefficients for zinc and lead are presented in section 4.
The studies for this endpoint have been selected as a read-across data for the critical constituents. The read-across justification is presented in CSR annex I. All read-across data for ecotoxicology are based on test data using either soluble Pb or Zn salts or measured (dissolved) Pb or Zn concentrations. The weight of evidence approach was used to make conclusions on the key value for CSA.
Toxicity of lead and its compounds
Lead freshwater sediment toxicity
Chronic freshwater toxicity data is available from 7 different sediment dwelling species (Tubifex tubifex, Ephoron virgo, Hyalella azteca, Gammarus pulex, Lumbriculus variegatus, Hexagenia limbata, Chironomus tentans). The NOEC levels were between 573 mg Pb/kg (Tubifex tubifex; endpoint: reproduction) and 3390 mg Pb/kg (Chironomus tentans; endpoint: survival).
The lowest chronic toxicity (28 -d EC10, Tubifex tubifex (reproduction)) value: 573 mg/kg (95% CL: 392-629 µg/kg, ASTM E1383-94)
Lead marine sediment toxicity
The chronic toxicity database for marine sediment dwelling organisms contains toxicity data for 2 marine species (Neanthes arenaceodentataand and Leptocheirus plumulosus). Selected no-effect levels for lead were situated between 680 mg Pb/kg (Neanthes arenaceodentata; endpoint: growth) and 1291 mg Pb/kg (Leptocheirus plumulosus; endpoint: growth).
The lowest chronic toxicity (28-d EC10, Neanthes arenaceodentata (growth rate)) value: 680 mg/kg (conducted following the WES chronic sublethal test method)
Toxicity of zinc and its compounds
Zinc freshwater sediment toxicity
Freshwater chronic toxicity data is available for 7 species. Species mean NOECs used for PNEC derivation range from 201 to 1135 mg/kg dw. In addition, one field study is available for freshwater sediments. Lieber et al. 1996 have reported an overall NOECecosystem of 725 mg/kg d.w. added zinc.
The lowest chronic toxicity (NOEC 35-d Gammarus pulex (growth)) value: 201 mg/kg (Culturing conditions similar to OECD (2005))
Zinc marine sediment toxicity
Marine chronic toxicity data is available for 2 marine species: the amphipod Melita plumulosa with a NOEC reproduction of 730 mg/kg dw. and the mangrove Avicennia marina with a NOEC emergence of 250 mg/kg dw. No field studies were found for marine sediments.
The lowest chronic toxicity (30-wk NOEC, Avicennia marina (growth and survival)) value: 250 mg/kg (OECD 208)
Conclusions for CSA:
Toxicity of the test substance is evaluated by using WoE read-across data from the two critical components of the the test substance (zinc and lead). From the sediment toxicity data, zinc has the lowest toxicity key values to sediment organisms. However, as lead and zinc are both relevant for environmental ES&RC, key values from both constituents were used for PNEC-derivation and taken into account in the exposure.
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